Likhase Combustible: lebitso, thepa le kopo

likhase Combustible - ntho ka tlaase mocheso monyako combustion e. Sena ke karolo e khōlō ea mafura gaseous, e leng e sebediswa bakeng sa phepelo ea khase tsa litoropo, ho indasteri le ho Makala a mang a bophelo. Physico-lik'hemik'hale litšobotsi tsa likhase tsena itšetlehile ka ho ba teng ka ho sebopehong bona ea likarolo incombustible le contaminants.

Mefuta le tšimoloho ea likhase combustible

Combustion e likhase kenyeletsa methane Propane, butane, ethane hydrogen le carbon monoxide, litšila ka linako tse ling le hexane le pentane. Di fumana ka litsela tse peli - e tsoang masimong a sebelisa'ng ho tlhaho le maiketsetso. Likhase tsa tlhaho hlahang ho yona - the mafura, le ka lebaka la dithulaganyo tsa tlhaho skeletal ya li bole kapele 'ea taba manyolo. mobung ho fetisisa ba sebakeng ka ka botebo ba ka tlase ho tse 1,5 km SE le bopilwe haholo-holo ea methane e ka admixtures nyenyane ea Propane, butane le hlahisoang moo ethane. Le eketseha botebo oketseng peresente ya litšila. O ile a fumana ho tswa ho mobung tlhaho kapa e le khase e tsamaea masimong oli.

Ka mobung fetisisa khase ea tlhaho ba concentrated mafika sedimentary (sandstones, gravels). Overlying le ka sehloohong dikarolo di le letšo-letšo letsopa majoe. E le eena feela ea haholo-holo ho sebeletsa oli le metsi. Maiketsetso - likhase combustible hlahiswa ka lebaka la ho mogote sebetsa mefuta e sa tšoaneng ea mafura a tiileng (Coke, joalo-joalo), And derivatives tsa lihlahisoa tsa oli e tala.

The motsoako o ka sehloohong oa khase ea tlhaho e hlahisitseng ka mobung o omileng ke methane e le tse nyenyane tsa Propane, butane le hlahisoang moo ethane. khase ea tlhaho e tšoauoa ka sebopeho sa khaotseng, e classified e le e omme. Sebopeho sa khase e hlahisoang nakong oli hloekisoa 'me khase e tsoakiloeng mobung, e sa tsitsang le itšetlehile ka GOR ea oli' me oli tlhaho le khase metsoako tlas'a maemo a. Ho akarelletsa ho karolo e khōlō ea Propane, butane, ethane le khanya tse ling le hydrocarbons boima tse oli ho fihlela parafine le peterole dikotwana.

Tse qotsitsoeng combustible khase ea tlhaho e ka ntšang e tsoa ho e subsoil e, pokello, tlosa mongobo feteletseng le ho lokisetsa bakeng sa ho tsamaisa ho mosebedisi ka. Feature khase ke hore ka mekhahlelo eohle ea sebopeho ho mosebedisi qetellong tshebetso yohle e tiisitsoe.

likhase Combustible le thepa tsa bona

Zharoproizvoditelnost - palo e kahodimodimo mocheso, e lokolotsoeng ka combustion e feletseng ea khase e omileng ka ka tjhelete e theoretically hlokahalang tsa moea. Tabeng ena mocheso generated ho futhumatsa lihlahisoa qeta sa combustion. Bakeng sa methane e paramethara ena ke 2043 ° C, butane - 2118, Propane - 2110.

The thothetsang molelo mocheso - mocheso se tlaase-tlaase ho tse itlelang feela thulaganyou e thothetsang molelo ntle ho pepesehela mohloli o ka ntle, e be tlhase kapa lelakabe, ka lebaka la ho mocheso lokolloa ke likaroloana le khase. paramethara Sena ke haholo-holo bohlokoa ho fumana hore na ba lumeletsoe holim mocheso sethusathuto sebediswa libakeng tse kotsi, tseo ha ea lokela ho feta mocheso thothetsang molelo. Bakeng sa hardware joalo e abeloa sehlopha sa mocheso.

Flash ntlha - mocheso se tlaase-tlaase ho eo mouoane lekaneng Ho lokolloa (holim'a mokelikeli) ho hotetsa lelakabe la ho tse nyenyane. thepa ena e lokela ho generalize le ntlha halima, ka entsprechen tsena ka 'na ea fapana ho ea bohōleng bo itseng.

khase / mouoane segokanyipalo. Ikemiselitse ka ho ipapisa le moea, eo segokanyipalo o lekana le 1. The segokanyipalo sa khase <1 - hola> 1 - oela. Ka mohlala, bakeng sa methane palo eo e 0,55.

Kotsi ea likhase inflammable

likhase Combustible tse kotsi tse tharo tsa thepa tsa lona:

1. Combustibility. Ho na le ke kotsi ya mollo amanang le sa laoleheng thothetsang molelo tsa khase;
2. Toxicity. Kotsi ea khase chefo kapa lihlahisoa tsa lona tsa combustion e (carbon monoxide);
3. Strangulation ka lebaka la ho haella oksijene, e leng e ka ka go engwa legatong ke khase e 'ngoe.

Tsela combustion e ke itsoara joang ka lik'hemik'hale, e kenyeletsang oksijene. Ha eneji, le hona o lokolloa ka mocheso, malakabe. Chang ntho sebetsang sebakeng sa hae le khase. Tsela ea khase combustion e ke ho ka khonehang ho ba teng ha lintho tse tharo:

• The thothetsang molelo mohloding.
• Combustible likhase.
• Oksijene.

Ka morero oa ho tšireletso ea mollo ke ho felisa bonyane e mong oa mabaka a.

methane e

Ke colorless khanya chang khase ntle monko. Ho bao e seng chefo. Methane e ke 98% ea khase ea tlhaho. Ho lumeloa ba ka sehloohong beha thepa ea khase ea tlhaho. Ke 75% tsa carbon le 25% hydrogen. Weight sekotwaneng. m - 0,717 lik'hilograma. Liquefied ka mocheso oa 111 K, ha molumo e fokotsehile makhetlo a 600. E na le e tlase reactivity.

Propane

Propane - mafura khase e colorless le odorless. E na le reactivity phahame ho feta methane e. The dikahare tsa khase ea tlhaho 0,1-11% ke boima ba 'mele. The khase mahala ho tswa mobung tsoakiloeng khase ho 20% ka tuki sebetswa tiileng (lignite le mashala, mashala sekontiri) ho 80%. Propane e sebelisoa ka liphetoho fapaneng ho hlahisa ethylene, propylene, olefins, alcohols tlaase, monohalogen acetone, acid e formic le asiti propionic, nitroparaffins.

butane

The khase mafura ke colorless, le monko le. Butane khase e hloka botsitso le ho habonolo compressible. Tse oli le khase ho 12% ka bophahamo ba modumo. Hape, ho e fumana ho tswa ho petsoha ea likaroloana tsa oli e tala le ka liteko tsa laboratori tse ka Wurtz itšoara joang. Freezing mocheso ^oa -138 C. Joaloka likhase tsohle hydrocarbon, kotsi mollo. Kotsi ho tsamaiso ea methapo ha hema etsa hore ho se sebetse ea sethusathuto le ho hema. Butane (khase) e na le thepa narcotic.

hlahisoang moo ethane

Hlahisoang moo ethane - khase e colorless le odorless. Moemeli oa hydrocarbons. Dehydrogenation ka 550-650 ⁰ C isang ethylene, fetang 800 ⁰ C - ho acetylene. Tse khase ea tlhaho 'me a tloaelana ho 10%. Faneng tlaase mocheso distillation. bokae mohlomong ba hlahisoang moo ethane ba ntša nakong ea petsoha ea oli e tala. Ka vitro lokisitsoeng ke Wurtz itšoara joang. Ho ka sehloohong e tala lintho tse bonahalang bakeng sa chloride vinyl le ethylene.

hydrogen

Sebeletsang pepeneneng le odorless khase. Nontoxic, ka makhetlo a 14,5 bobebe ho feta moea. Ke mofuta oa hydrogen e fapaneng ho tloha moeeng. E na reactivity phahameng, thothetsang molelo lohle meeli, e le ho phatloha haholo. Ke karolo ea hoo e ka bang tsohle metsoako manyolo. The khase thata ka ho fetisisa ho a petetswa. Free hydrogen tsa tlhaho e sa tloaelehang ka ho fetisisa, empa ka sebōpeho sa metsoako e tloaelehileng haholo.

carbon monoxide

khase Colorless, odorless le tasteless. Weight of 1 cc ya. m - 1,25 lik'hilograma. Leng ka khase le letšo-letšo le methane e le hydrocarbons tse ling. Eketseha peresente ya carbon monoxide ka khase mafura fokotsa mocheso oa tukang. Ho na le phello e nang le chefo e ka 'mele oa motho.

Ho sebelisoa ha likhase combustible

likhase Combustible ba le phahameng boleng lik'halori, ka hona ke haholo litšenyehelo eneji, le mafura a. Na ho pharaletseng sebediswa bakeng sa litlhoko tsa lelapa, ka dimela matla, metallurgy, khalase, samente le liindasteri lijo, e le mafura a le likoloi, tlhahiso ea thepa ea kaho.

Ho sebelisa khase chang le boitsebiso bo sa e tala bakeng sa tlhahiso ea metsoako manyolo tse kang formaldehyde, methanol, acid e acetic, monohalogen acetone, acetaldehyde, ka lebaka la ho ba teng ha ka ho sebopehong bona tsa hydrocarbons. Methane e e le motsoako o ka sehloohong oa mafura a khase ea tlhaho, e ho pharaletseng sebelisoa bakeng sa ho hlahisa lihlahisoa tse sa tšoaneng tse phelang. Bakeng sa tlhahiso ea ammonia le tse fapa-fapaneng tsa mofuta alcohols sebediswa tswakana khase - tholoana ea tšokoloho ea methane e le oksijene kapa mouoane metsing. Le pyrolysis tsa acetylene fumanoa ka dehydrogenation ea methane e, hammoho le haedrojene le k'habone ntsho. Haedrojene, le eena, o ile a sebelisa bakeng sa ho tswakana ea ammonia. likhase Combustible, haholo-holo ethane le sebelisitsoe ka ba lokisetsa ho ea ethylene le propylene, tse ka nako eo e sebelisoa e le feedstock bakeng sa tlhahiso ea dipolasetiki, ea likhole tse iketselitsoeng le rubbers maiketsetso.

Tsepisa mafura bakeng sa likarolong tse ngata tsa moruo ea sechaba e liquefied methane e. Ho sebelisoa ha likhase liquefied maemong a mangata, fana ka melemo e e khōloanyane ea moruo, ha thusa ho lipalangoang materialozatraty theola le rarolla mathata a phepelo khase libakeng tse ling, o ka bopa mehloli ea lihlahisoa tse tala bakeng sa litlhoko tsa indasteri lik'hemik'hale le.