Moo noka psha ka Don: sekemeng. simoloha moo noka Don?

Don o kamehla ke rata monna - e pharaletseng le e matla, le melatswana tse ngata. A nehela palo e khōlō ea litemana le lithothokiso, hammoho le ho Yenisei. Leha ho le joalo ho na le ho na potso seo nōka e sa - Don kapa Yenisei, leha ho le joalo ho ke ke ha khoneha ho bapisa ba - e mong le e ka ntle ea eona e le e mong le o na le sebaka sa eona ka har'a lingoliloeng tsa Serussia.

Ha Don Ho phaella moo, ho na le mabitso a ba bang. Mehleng ea Greece ea boholo-holo, ho ne ho bitsoa Tanais kapa Girgis. Ea boholo-holo kypchaki bitsoang Don - e Leshome. Lentsoe "dong," le bolela "tse ngata tsa metjha e" kapa "Nōka le a sa tšoaneng le kanaleng."

Whence le whither nōka Don phallang

Previously ho ne ho nahanoa hore Don simoloha ka letšeng, Ivan, empa e le e ile, e effluent tloha pokello ena ka nōkeng ha etsahala. Ena ke mohloli oa Don Novomoskovsk, ho na le ke esita le ka beha meralo le ho hlophisoa "Mohloli oa Don." Empa ka lebaka la planar la nōka e phallang ho pokello Shatskikh, ba bangata ba lumela hore ho ke ke mohloli oa lona, empa ha ho joalo.

Noka tlaasana ho sebaka gare ga mokoti ea feela Volga, Danube, Kama le Dnieper, empa Don hase nako e telele haholo - 1870 km SE. Matla le botle Don binoa mesebetsi e mengata e dingolwa, hammoho le ho Yenisei. Potso ke hore: Ke noka e sa - Don kapa Yenisei? Nepahetseng karabo - the Yenisei. Empa bapisa linōka tsena tse peli ke ke ha khoneha, e mong le e ke ikhetha, 'me makhasi a sa lebaleheng.

Ka leoatle le River phallang ka Don? Leoatleng la Azov. Nōka ka Rostov-on-Don bopa le makgobokgobo lohle, e leng sebaka ea km lisekoere 540. From ho siea e ngata difapho: Large Kuterma, Shoeleng Donets, Great Tower le ba bang.

Tlase re nahana ka ho qaqileng ho feta, moo nōka psha ka Don. temperaturdiagramm ho bontša kamoo nōka phallang ka eona.

Semelo ba phula ea noka

Don - mabalane noka ka bophara moroallo thota, ha ho na le monyako phahameng le phallang butle. Utloisisa boreleli longitudinal profil, ho kheloha, ka karolelano ke 0,1 ppm. Don bophara ka e ka tlaase e fihla ho fihlela ho 15 km SE.

Banka tokelo ea nōkeng e na le letsoapong moepa. Le letšehali banka ya tlaase-ho bua leshano le bataletse. Qetellong ea nōka u ka fumana ho bokella alluvium. Track le lotho ea Shoals tebang lehlabathe.

Puso ea metsi a nōka Don

Ka sebakeng noka gare ga mokoti o moholo ka ho lekaneng, empa dikahare lona metsi ke batlang tlaase. Sena ke ka ntlha ya go ha e le hantle hore Don phallang ka steppe le moru oa libaka steppe. Karolo e phethoang le ka sehloohong la nōka phetha lehloa lijo, e leng ho entseng hore ho hoo e ka bang 70%, pula le tlase ho lefatshe - nyenyane. Joaloka ba bangata ba linōka tsa sebaka sena, Don o na le e phahameng selemo leqhubu, nakong ea ba bang kaofela selemo - nako e tlase metsi.

Ho pholletsa le boemo ba noka metsi ranges ho tloha 8 limithara ho 13 m.

tshebediso ya selemo le selemo, Don ke 2 k / set lao / sekwere km (900m³ / c).

Ka November le December le Don tsitsipanyang. Hatsele nka ho tloha matsatsi a 30 ka tlaase ho linoka le ho fihlela ho matsatsi a 140 ka holimo.

A tsobotsi bath ho nōka ke hore metsi a phahameng fetisa maqhubu a mabeli. Pele leqhubu - the "batang". Nōka fumana metsi qhibiliha ho tloha ka fihlang ka tlaase. E tsokoang ea bobeli - "mofuthu", 'me e tlisa metsi ho tloha e ka holimo karolo ya nōka.

Sebelisa nōkeng ea mesebetsi batho

Don River phetha karolo ea bohlokoa ka ho moruo ka har'a naha. Ho utloisisa hore na ke ntho e tsotehang noka ena lekana ho hopola moo noka psha ka Don. Bakeng sa hoo e ka bang 1.600 km le tsoang molomong oa nōka e likepe. motse Liski e teng 1355 km le ho tswa sebaka sa confluence ea Don Leoatleng Azov, tseleng eo u ka kamehla kopana lekhotla.

Ka 1952 ho ile ha hahoa e Volga-Don Canal. O ne a cheka haufi le toropo ea Kalach, kaha ka nako ena nōkeng koba ea Don atamela Volga ho hole bonyane - 80 km SE. kanale e ne e loketse ka lilemo tse 4 ka mor'a qala ho kaho, ha ho na ntho e joalo ka lefatše e ne e se e le ka potlako beha ho sebetsa. Bolelele ba Volga-Don kanale e ne e le 101 km SE 'me a etsa hore ho be bonolo ho lokolla maoatle' maloa: la Baltic, le Letšo, Azov, Le tsoeu 'me la Caspian.

Haufi Voronezh e hlahiswa ka tšebetso ea Novovoronezh NPP ka 1967 Rostov NPP e ile ea hahoa ka 2001 'me e haufi le toropo eponymous.

Ka Don e ile ea hahoa pokello - Tsimlyanskoe. Ho na le boetse ho na le Tsimlyansk seteishene fehlang motlakase ka matla. Ho feta moo, ena metsi hydrological Sepheo sebelisoa ho nosetsa mobu temo le Volgograd libakeng Rostov.

Flora le liphoofolo la nōka ea Don

Floodplain libaka tse mongobo, makhulo, merung e teteaneng e tsoakiloeng teng hammoho le Don Nōka. Moo simoloha, moo phallang le hore e ka bonoa hammoho mabopong a nōka? Kaofela ha eona, u ka kopana le mefuta e fapaneng ya limela: sedge, bulrush, cinquefoil, moluoane, moluoane, birch, krushinnik, alder le baemeli ba tse ling tsa liphoofolo tse sa tšoaneng haholo ka mefuta e sebopeho bona .. Sehahabi: lihohoana le newts. Lihahabi: le khubelu-eared sekolopata, joang noha, e marabe. Liphoofolo tse anyesang: mongoose, Beaver, mink, Otter, bo-'mankhane, muskrat. Linonyana: Heron, warbler, mekotatsie, lla, common snipe, letata.

Ho pholletsa le Don River e fumanoa mefuta e ka bang 70 ea litlhapi. Ba bang ba kotsing ea ho fela ka lebaka la ho mosebetsi batho. The bream atileng ka ho fetisisa, Rudd, crucian carp, lerootho, Pike, burbot. Rare: bagre, Sturgeon, beluga, Sturgeon.

Ke habohlokoa ho hlokomela hore tsoa hlomamisa taolo e thata holim'a mefuta e kotsing ea ho fela ea litlhapi. Bakeng sa tšoasa difaene mefuta ee ka seoelo behilweng ka violators. Ho phaella moo, ka jaloang ba hōlileng ka tlhapi, eo hamorao e ileng ea lokolloa ka naheng.

mathata a tikoloho ya ho Don River

Potso ea bothata tikoloho la nōka e ba ho feta le ho feta e potlakileng selemo le selemo. Bothata ho fetisisa a hlobaetsang le tsa tlhoekiso ea metsi ho tloha litšila ba ntlo, spills oli, eo ho ile ha thehoa ka lebaka la likotsi tse sekepeng se tsamaisang thepa. Ho ata ha putsoa-tala dimelametsing le bona ba na le tšusumetso e mpe ka boemo tlholeho a nōka, ka lebaka tse kotsing ea ho fela, mefuta e meng ea litlhapi le limela.

Metsi ka nōkeng e fokotsehile ka lebaka la tšebeliso utloahaleng.

Lilemong tsa morao tjena, merero ho rarolla litokollo tse mahlonoko tseo ho leng amanang le metsi noka li bōpiloe, ho akarelletsa le Don. Azov Sea (eo phallang ka Don River) Hape o na le a 'maloa a mathata: metsi kibiloe, nyamele la dimela tse ling tsa litlhapi le fokotseha ka metsi - shallowing.