Baikal - perela ea Russia. Lake Baikal - the tsoelang kapa koetsoeng letšeng?

Lake Baikal thabela ho ratoa haholo eseng feela ka hare ho naha ea rona empa hape le linaheng tse ling. Ka lebaka la mosebetsi oa tse behang tsa Baikal ditsebi le bo-rasaense ne a ho tse thathamisitsoeng ka World Natural Heritage Site ke UNESCO. Bakeng sa ba na le thahasello ka ho sebaka sena tlhaho, lipotso tse ngata, ka mohlala, mabapi le hore na tšimoloho ea Lake Baikal, eo botebo ba eona, eo baahi ba moo ba ka e bona, 'me joalo-joalo D..

Lake Baikal: litšobotsi tse akaretsang

Sebaka kakaretso ea sebaka Baikal ke ka 386.000 km lisekoere, sena sohle e phahametseng hōle sebakeng tse ling tsohle tsa lirapeng tsa boikhathollo naha le mehloli ea naha, hammoho le a mangata a linaha tse ling tse tsoang linaheng tse ling. Sefe, ho Baikal tšimong ea likoluoa tsa tlhaho e teng e bohareng ba Asia. letšeng tsebahalang bolelele ke km 636, 'me ho bophara - km 79.5 (karolo e itseng se tlaase-tlaase km 25). Lake Baikal e nkoa e le e tebileng ka ho fetisisa lefatšeng, ka lebaka botebo lona ke limithara tse 1637. Sebopeho pokello aniwa a li a ile a qala ba fetang limilione tse 30 lilemong tse fetileng, kahoo botle ena ke e 'ngoe ea matša khale ka ho fetisisa lefatšeng ka bophara. Baikal e teng har'a khethuloa likarolo tse ling tsa karolo e ka holimo ea lefatše, theha sekoti. Ho atolosa selemo le selemo ke cm, 2.

Litšobotsi tsa thaba letšeng

Baikal ka tlhaho lona le bolela ho matša lithaba. boemong ba lona e hlaha ka holimo boemo ba maoatle ea lefatše ka limithara tse 445, 'me e ka tlase e ka tlaase ho feta limithara tse hae 1200. Ho ea ka bo-rahistori ba ka ho fetisisa le jeokrafi, letšeng sediments tšimong ea nang le lesedi lekunutu mabapi le litšobotsi tsa ho fetoha ha tlelaemete naheng ea Asia ho fetela ho mashome tse fetileng tse limilione tsa lilemo.

Letša lena Asia nang ba etsang liphesente tse fetang mashome a mabeli tsa metsi a hloekileng lefatšeng lohle, e le hore ea kopana le ka litekanyetso tsohle boleng - microbiological, organoleptic, hydrochemical. Lake Baikal metsi fapane e sa tloaelehang ho hloka sekoli, ho hlaka, freshness. Ho bontša hore e hloekile tsa letšeng sebediswa tekotshupo Secchi tiske, e leng e qoelisoa metsing ho fihlela ho boemo ba eketsehileng ho sebeletsa pepeneneng. Ka Lake Baikal, boemong ba ona e tšoana le limithara tse 40 'me, ka mohlala, ka Lake Sevan tiske e qoelisoa ka limithara tse 20 feela. Hlollang Ha e le hantle: Alpine Lake Baikal e boetse ke tlaasana ka metsi ho sebeletsa pepeneneng.

Lake Baikal - the tsoelang kapa koetsoeng letšeng? Features metsi letšeng

Litekanyo tsa beisine, kapa phuleng ena ho moo letšeng metsi a, kahoo moholo hore e ka amohela litaba tse ka hare lohle la Leoatle la Baltic kapa tse hlano Great Lakes of America. Lake Baikal ka metsi a eona nka 336 melapo le linōka tse nyenyane. Kholo ka ho fetisisa melatswana - ke Upper Angara, Turk, Snowball, Sarma. Leha ho le joalo, ka lebaka la metsi a letšeng phallang noka le 'ngoe feela - ka Angara, e leng na ke hobane'ng ha bo-rasaense ba bangata ba tsa maikutlo a hore Lake Baikal - the tsoelang. Ka lebaka la ho ea nōkeng e feela e phallang ho tsoa letšeng, e na le mabapi le maoatle.

Ho na le mefuta e meraro ea matša - lesupi, undrained fluidly. Likhoerekhoere letšeng - ba tsoang eo latela nōka, ka phallo ea matša metsi e potoloha - phallang le ho tsoa, 'me ka metsi drainage e eme. Ka lebaka la letša latelang nōka Angara, le ho tluoa tabeng le palo e khōlō ea linōka tse nyenyane, potso ea Baikal a tsoelang kapa koetsoeng letšeng Kamehla taba ea likhang. E mong oa bopaki bo ka sehloohong phehisano e ke fumaneha ha metsi a hloekileng, e leng tšobotsi feela bakeng sa phallo ea litšila le matša. Lakes undrained mofuta hangata thehoa ya tlelaemete omeletseng, moo chelete e bonyane ba pula. Hape mofuta ona e akarelletsa omisa a leoatle, tse kang la Caspian.

Likarolo tsa sehlooho tsa Lake Baikal

E Thehiloe ho tse ka holimo, e 'ngoe e ka khetholla makgetheng joalo letšeng:

• E na le karolo ea 20 lekholong ea metsi a hloekileng ea phepelo ea lefatše.
• Ho latela e 'ngoe e khōlō noka - the Angara.

Kahoo, ke le lilemo li khang ka Baikal a tsoelang kapa koetsoeng letšeng, li ka phethoa. 'Me ke re le kannete-nete hore e classified e le tšenyo.

makgetheng tloaelehile haholo tsa Lake Baikal

Tšobotsi e 'ngoe e khethollang - ka mefuta-futa ea limela le liphoofolo tse phelang ka hare-hare ho metsi Baikal. Ka nako eo, bo-rasaense ba tlalehiloeng mefuta e fetang 2565 tsa liphoofolo le mefuta e fetang sekete ea limela tsa elements metsi.

Tse ling tsa dimela tsena, tse ka bang peli ho ba bararo, ba tloaelehile haholo sebakeng seo, kahoo ba ile ba u se ke ua hōle kae kapa kae e mong. Ho ea ka ho etsa lipatlisiso ke lefa la tsa Lake Baikal e ikhethang esita le har'a matša a maholo a lefatše. Le e mong le e selemo se secha bakeng sa Lake Baikal (a tsoelang kapa koaloa letšeng, re ile ra buisana ka hodimo) e hlalosa e ncha mefuta e 20 ea invertebrates. Litsebi li ba qala ho lumela hore ho tla ba le ha ho na e ka tlaase ho 1.500 mefuta e mecha ea lintho tse phelang metsing ea letša.

Ka holimo a tsa trophic phiramiti letšeng ke Baikal tiiso, kapa tiiso, eo moholo-holo e ne e aniwa a li a arctic tiiso, tsamaisa e ngata lilemong tse makholo tse fetileng ka Yenisei le Lena.