Tsamaiso e khopo Russia ka chelete

Tsamaiso ea chelete Russia e laoloa ke melao e "Ka Banka ea Central ea Federation Russia" 2002, July 10 le "On Banks le Banking Ketsahalo" ka 2006, ka la 27 July. likarolong tsohle tsa molao ea tsamaiso ea chelete, mesebetsi ea eona, mesebetsi e le matla a Banka ea Russia li hlalosoa ka melao ea tsena.

Molao oa Motheo oa Russia Federation o lichelete le chelete molao oa tsamaiso, mohlapo oa chelete, mesebetsi ea libanka muso amana tšimo ea bokgoni ba Federation le Serussia. The ditlwaelo tsa molao lichelete rerang boemo ea tsamaiso ea chelete ea naha. molao Civil o laola ho beng ba chelete le tefello litokisetso le bona. molao la tsamaiso e hlalosa melato ya ditlolo ka tshebetso ya ho ajoa ka likopi tsa chelete. molao senokoane alakisi kotlo bakeng sa litlōlo tsa molao khahlanong le tsamaiso ea lichelete (hangata ka ho fetisisa - counterfeiting, joalo-joalo).

The chelete e tsamaiso ea moruo 'maraka e tšoauoa ka eseng bogareng ajoa chelete pakeng tsa libanka, ho arohana taba ya bao e seng chelete le chelete pakeng tsa ea ka tšebetso ea tsamaiso ea banka, bo felisoe ya dikahare khauta ea chelete phetiso ho mokitlane chelete, lebaka la ho hloka khethollo ea bao e seng chelete le phallo ea chelete, boemo ba molao oa tsamaiso ea chelete, gare wa tsamaiso e khopo taolo ya chelete sebelisa mekhoa moruo, rera prognoza letseno ea chelete ka har'a naha, e ikemetse ea bohareng banka ya mmuso, ho thehoa ha litheko maraka le tekanyo e alyut. Sena ke ea tsamaiso Russia ea chelete.

Russia tsamaiso e khopo ea chelete e akarelletsa likarolo tse latelang: unit trust ka chelete, ka taelo ea go ntshiwa ba chelete, taolo ea ajoa chelete.

The chelete unit trust e Ruble entsoeng ka lisente tse (palo yohle 100). Molao thehiloeng diyuniti tse ling ka chelete e ka sebaka sa naha e thibetsoe. karo-karolelano ea ruble ka tšepe efe kapa efe ea bohlokoa ha ba hlahiswa ho Russia. ruble ho chelete e behiloeng ke Banka ea Central.

Ba bonolo semolao banknotes le lichelete tsa tšepe. Di fuwa thepa ea Banka ea Central, tse akarelletsang mehloli ea khauta ba naha eo, tsenny6e boemo-boemo ba mehloli pampiri ya ditheo mokitlane ka Bank of Russia litlaleho.

Ho fana ka chelete ho hokahanya kalafo ea bona 'me a khaotsa ho tsuba ho tloha' marakeng o na le tokelo ea ho feela le Banka ea Russia. E ne e le eena ea ileng a ka botlalo boikarabelo bakeng sa boemo ba boemo bo ka chelete le moruo ka hare ho naha ka kakaretso.

The chelete phepelo ea naha e na le lintlha le lichelete tsa tšepe. Disampole tsa banknotes tsohle, lichelete tsa tšepe Banka Central bolela. Tlhahiso ea lichelete tsa tšepe tse ncha kapa banknotes e tsamaea le litlaleho tse mecheng ea litaba. ditefello tse tsohle lia hlokahala ho amohela bakeng sa ditefello tse ho pholletsa le naha, hammoho le ho e fetisetsa, mobung le ho tlotloa ka tlaleho ea.

Morao-rao tsamaiso e khopo ea chelete ea Russia e tšoauoa ka boemo ba se tlaase-tlaase ba lefatše ba ho tlala ea chelete letseno moruo. naheng monetization sekhahla ke 20% (linaheng tse tsoetseng pele 50-100%). Phepelo tjhelete ya naha e tšoauoa ka boemo bo phahameng ba chelete ka eona (e fetang karolo ea boraro ea tsohle boima chelete), e leng e etsa hore le a ntseng a mpefala a insolvency tsa dihlopha tse itseng tsa baahi le likhoebo.

Le boima ba ea chelete ea naha o hōla ka lebaka la e kholo inflows phapanyetsano tsoang linaheng tse ling tse amanang le ho eketseha ha litheko oli. diyantle Russia e feta naha, ea isang ho ho eketseha ka ho leka-lekana ntle 'me ho eketseha ha palo ea lichelete. Fanana ke diyantle lekgetho qobella Bank of Russia ho fana ruble, e leng eketsa ea phepelo chelete.

Russia tsamaiso e khopo ea chelete e laolwa ke Banka ea Central ka litaelo tsa sehlooho tsa leano ka chelete. Kajeno, ho na le ke hlokahala hore ho fetola tsamaiso ea chelete, eo e ka lebaka la ho phahama ha theko le ho tlōla oa mesebetsi e ka sehloohong ea chelete ea sechaba ka mokhoa oa ho ajoa le tefo e amanang le 'nete ea hore le ka ruble bitsa ya dollar, la euro le fapaneng psevdoplatezhnye mokgwa (ditefikeiti, ditlamo lekhetho, joalo-joalo).

Chelete e ajoa ka likopi tse Federation Russia etsoa chelete le batho bao e seng chelete. Ka mokhoa ona, motsamao oa chelete sebeletsang ajoa ya thepa, ditefello tse subsistence le metsana ea. Ha ajoa chelete mokhoa oa tefo ke chelete ea sebele (banknotes), tse tšoaetsanoang batšoantšisi khahlanong le e mong bakeng sa thepa, ditshebeletso, le maemong a mang a fana ka molao. Ha ajoa bao e seng chelete reverses chelete ea chelete ho tsoa litlalehong tsa mekhatlo ea libanka le tlotloa ho litlaleho tsa bafo ba bang ba.