Tsamaiso e khopo ea chelete

Ka dikai morao-rao tsa pele 'maraka moruo tsamaiso e khopo ea chelete mokitlane ae phethang e boemong ba bohlokoa ka mochine a moruo. Ke tsamaiso e sebetsang oa ajoa moruo, eo o laola phepelo chelete, laola phallang lichelete, bakoang ke le redistributes phallang chelete, khanna metsana pakeng tsa mekhatlo moruo, dikadimo ho batho ka bomong le mafapha itseng tsa moruo.

Ho na le bopa dikgopolo tsa e 'meli ea tsamaiso ea ka chelete: ea pele ke sete ya mokitlane likamano, mekhoa le mefuta e meng ea ditjhelete (tshebetso foromo); bobeli - sete ya ditheo tsa lichelete, tseo tšekamelo ea ho ipokellela chelete nakoana fumaneha chelete ebe alima (foromo setheo).

Tabeng ea pele re bua ka kamano e joalo e le banka, khoebo, 'muso, moreki, mokitlane machaba.

Tabeng ea bobeli e fokotsehile ho entsprechen latelang. Morao-rao Chelete System - e rarahaneng mochine e nang le maemo a 'maloa, tse bakoang ke le aba matlotlo a lichelete. Likarolo tse khōlō ea tsamaiso di: Banka e Central, tsamaiso ea puso le quasi-dibanka; mokga wa banka, e kenyeletsang dibanka khoebo, chelete, libanka khethehileng bakeng sa kgwebo ya; dikadimo sekoloto sa ntlo, dipeeletso, mokitlane e khethehileng le mekhatlo e seng ea banka lichelete: chelete penshene, lik'hamphani inshorense le le dipeeletso tsa dikamano, lik'hamphani ditjhelete, mefuta e sa tšoaneng ea chelete le litloaelano alimileng, mekhatlo ea thekolohelo metheo.

Sena sekemeng tharo-boemong ba ke bath ea linaha tse ngata tse tsoetseng pele (US, Japane, le linaheng tse Europe Bophirimela). dinaheng motho fapana ka tekanyo ea ntshetsopele ya diyuniti motho ea tsamaiso. Ka ho fetisisa tsoetseng pele ba tsamaiso ea chelete le ho reka ka mokitlane ka United States, mabapi le hore na ke ka ho ba sekametseng dinaheng ntshetswa pele ha eaba ba etsa tsamaiso ea bona ho reka ka mokitlane.

mmuso o laola tsamaiso ea chelete e ka litsela tse peli tse ka sehloohong: ke ho kenella ka ho toba la tsamaiso (by u behela theko tieo rationing ya thepa, joalo-joalo) le sa tobang a taolo kenella (boitšoaro ba leano ka chelete).

Gore e tle e tla ba ho totobetse hore ba buseletsoe oona tsamaisong mokitlane ya mmuso e reretsoe ho ea kopana le litlhoko tsa moruo ka kabo ya fumaneha chelete 'me li khaphatseha ka mafapha ka ho fetisisa tsoetseng pele le tsepisa. Ka ba bang ba mekhatlo e nako le nako ho hlaha nakoana mahala chelete (keketso chelete), ha ba bang ba - ka litlhoko tsa ditjhelete tse eketsehileng. ikhanyetsa hona ke ka katleho nka qeto ya ea chelete oona tsamaisong mokitlane ea naha.

Ka chelete le mokitlane tsamaiso e khopo ea Federation ea Russia e na le tiers tse tharo: ho Central Bank; tsamaiso e khopo ho banka (dibanka tsa mofuta khoebo); e khethehileng mokitlane le mekhatlo ea lichelete. Sebopeho sena ka ho hlaka e bontša litlhoko tsa moruo ea sechaba, e le haufi le ea mohlala ea litsamaiso mokitlane ya linaheng tse tsoetseng pele le qala ho tloaela dithulaganyo e ncha ba lintho tsa sebele moruo.

tsamaiso ena mokitlane ntse o haella itseng ka hoo e batlang e tsohle maemo (eketseha palo ea libanka tse nyenyane, lik'hamphani tsa inshorense, chelete le dipeeletso le libanka khoebo tsoela pele ho specialize a tshebetso mokitlane nako e khutsoanyane, e leng se ka haella redirection ha matlotlo ho ntshetsopele ya mafapha liindasteri le tse ling tsa moruo. kahoo kajeno e mokitlane likarolo tse lekana ea litsamaiso RF hloka ntlafatso ho eketsehileng sebetsang hantle tshebetsong ya ea chelete-cred. tsamaiso e khopo tnoj e reretsoe ho fana ka boemo tsitsitseng ea moruo ea sechaba.

tsamaiso e khopo ho banka Russia e na le maemo a mabeli, e emeloang ke Central Bank of Federation Russia (Bank of Russia) le libanka khoebo.