The Valdai National Park: Tlhaloso

naha Russia e nang le libaka tse ntle le naha e ikhethang. Mohlomong, le bophelo ba ha hoa lekana ho bona kaofela ha mahlo a bona. Lake-moru e rarahaneng ea Valdai Hills pholosoa ke taba ea hore qetellong ba Valdai National Park ho ile ha hlophisoa ke lilemong tsa bo-XX mona.

pale

Se e le e ikhethang sebakeng sena? Ho na le nomoro ea tonanahali ea liemahale tsa setso le histori ea sebakeng Novgorod. Ba boholo-holo, meloko Maslav tsoela pele ho phela naheng ea serapeng sa boikhathollo. palo ea libaka ba lintho tse epolotsoeng tse 'nileng tsa bolokoa ka sebaka sena ea hlolla mpa feela - mashome a robeli-tse peli tsa Sepheo sa! Sena fedisa le ho patoa litutulu, maralla le metsaneng, hammoho le libaka tsa boholo-holo tse amanang le ho 7-6 lilemo tse makholo BC.

Lema bonono e emeloang ke liemahale robong - manors ea boholo-holo le lirapeng tsa boikhathollo. U ka bona hape 22 buka e ikhethang sefika ea mehaho ea lehong ea le makholo a lilemo 17-19. The meralo le leholo la lekholong la ea leshome le metso e supileng, NA Litau bōpileng ka sebakeng seo ba Catherine Kereke. Kajeno ho Houses Musiamo ea History of Valdai. Selvitsky Island Lake Valdai ho tloha 1653 e lapeng Svyatoozerskaya olan Mè oa Molimo Monastery.

Hopola Valdai National Park le liketsahalong tsa bohlokoa tsa histori. leketla sefapanong Ignach e haufi Yazhelbitsy. Ke mona moo Batu reteleha lebotho la hae, pele ho fihla Novgorod.

Jeokrafi le tlhaloso

phakeng e teng ka naheng ea Demyansk, Okulovskaya le Valdai sebakeng sa sebakeng Novgorod. sebaka seo hore e ae phethang - fetang sekete km lisekoere (toba ho feta - 1585).

The Valdai National Park o biospheric le leholo le le bohlokwa tlholeho. naha Lake-moru li tlisitseng ka sehloohong ea Europe, tse thehoa ka lebaka la ho glaciation kontinenteng, ka lebaka la ho ba sireletsoa. Leqhoa maralleng Moraine sebopeho sa naha e fanoa ka khanya eohle ea eona. The sebaka bonahala ho maralleng, le tsohle ka lebaka la 'nete ea hore mona ho na le ho se tšoane bohlokoa ka bophahamo pakeng tsa liforomo tse sa tšoaneng tsa holim'a metsi. Complementing setšoantšong ea lithoteng tse haufi, tseo feela kgothaletsa phello.

Valdai Hills ke karolo ea e pharaletseng letšeng-maralleng sebaka - Lake District. makgetheng tsena tsohle di elwa hloko eo a entseng ntho e itseng e kang Valdai National Park. Tlhaloso mo ne e tla ba ea fella haeba u sa fane ka hore o ile a matha joaloka lente hammoho le selekane se ka sehloohong sa leralla, metsotso 100 km le ho tloha ka leboea ho ea karolong e ka boroa. Tabeng ena, ho akarelletsa e kholo letšeng sehlopha, hapang ka leboea ho Lake Seliger, hammoho le tse ka bang 200 matamo nyenyane. The tummeng ka ho fetisisa ba bona ba - Lake Valdai, sehlekehlekeng sena e se e ile a bua ka baitlami, 'me wasoof le Borovno (ba ithorisa mabōpo bohehang ebile o pharaletse Pleso).

Sebakeng khethehileng ae phethang hoo e ka bang kotara ea sebakeng seo ea phakeng Valdai. Ho mona, ka nōka Polomet River, a khanna lithuto tsa ba e hlophisitsweng, le kanaleng. seo ba se fumaneng emela monehelo bohlokoa khōlong ea bo-rasaense ba Russia ka lintho tsa motheo tsa ekolotsi le saense metsi.

Flora

limela Rich na Valdai National Park. sebaka sa eona ka nepo o ka bitsoa libakeng mefuta-futa ena ea Europe Bochabela. dimela e phahameng di hlahiswa mona ka mefuta e 750. Empa ntho ea bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa ke hore ho na le ka seoelo mefuta - le 79! Har'a bona e totobatsa ba bang-orchid e, hammoho le baemeli ba limela, ba locus tsa tsona - glacial matša. Motso dimela mefuta thathamisitsoeng ka Red Book ea Russia.

hectars lesometlhano likete tse fanoeng ka holimo ho ho makhulong. Limela e na le mefuta e fapaneng ya morung: phaene, phaene le birch. Northern meru the oak le molora, Hazel, joang hape ka linako tse ling etsahala. Tlas'a moru abelwa etsang liphesente tse 86 tsa sebakeng seo palo yohle. E a hlokomela hore dimela Woody ba emeloang ke mefuta e 57, tseo ka tsona setso - 15, 'me ho hlaha - 42.

liphoofolo

Valdai National Park (Russia) ea e-ba phelang bakeng sa mefuta e 45 ea litlhapi, 180 mefuta e meng ea linonyana le mefuta e 50 ea liphoofolo tse anyesang. La dimela tsena 32 ea linonyana - fallang, ba bang ba sehlaha hang-hang. Ba bangata ba bona ba fokola kapa ka seoelo:

- Bittern;

- e Tloaelehileng Merganser;

- curlew;

- bohlooho Crane;

- bohlooho Heron.

Ho phaella moo, Russia Red Book kenyelleditswe ntsu, noha ntsu, ntsu sephooko, o motsho mokotatsie le ba bang.

Ha re bua ka vertebrates naha, motheong oa bona ke bere, pela, marten, phokojoe, Kangna, boar hlaha, Elk, 'mutla le liphoofolo qeta ho fetisisa ea bophelo ba hae ka metsing: Otter, noka Otter, metsi vole, mink. Li ngata fapaneng mefuta matata. Ka tšimo eo eohle ea Valdai phakeng leo ho ahiloeng ho ke liphiri. Matangoana ruileng tlhapi: carp, tsa whitefish, Pike, burbot, bream, Pike-kalaneng, kalaneng, Roach, ruff, joalo-joalo Kakaretso ea baahi metsi mona ho na le 40 mefuta e, ho akarelletsa le sa tloaelehang: molapo trout, molapo lamprey, bullhead le Grayling European.

boemo ba leholimo

Sebaka e 'ngoe eo ho eona Valdai National Park e tšoauoa ka sa boemo ba leholimo tse futhumetseng. maemo ana ba le phello e ntle ka mefuta-futa ea limela le liphoofolo iphelela lefatšeng.

Ka karolelano mocheso la khoeli ea batang tsa likhato -10 Celsius, ka warmest - +16. karolelano ea selemo le selemo - 3 likhato Celsius. Lehloa akaretsa tšimo Valdaisky phakeng bakeng sa matsatsi a 140, le ba bolelele ba koahela sekoahelo lona ka fihla 45 cm, The nako serame ntle -. Matsatsi a 128.

"Valdai" phetoho e potlakang ho ea boemo ba leholimo e tšoauoa ka sa boikhathollo tsa sechaba. The Valdai (Russia) The hangata ho fetisisa o ile a re e ka boroa, bophirimela le boroa-westerly meea ea lifefo.

bohahlauli

Ho fumana ho serapeng sa boikhathollo ke ho le bonolo haholo ho tloha metseng e meholo ea Russia - St. Petersburg le Moscow. Ke ka lebaka leo e ne e akarelletsa ho lethathamo la o ile a etela ho fetisisa. The Valdai National Park - ke sebaka sa rallies bahahlauli, mona ke likampong tsa bana, joalo-joalo

maemo a lintho tse babatsehang li bōpiloe ho bahahlauli. Kamehla ba emetse matlo a mangata moeti. E mong le e ba libaka 80 bakeng sa bahahlauli ka amohela ho tloha batho ba bane ho lekholo. Bakeng sa boiketlo ba baeti - bonyane sete ya thepa ea ka tlung moru e kenyeletsang litafole le canopies. Ho phaella moo, ha feela mantle a seretse, matloana le sebaka bakeng sa thothetsang molelo tsa mello. Ha e mong le e saeteng jwalo, o ka fumana e koteleme tlhahisoleseding, moo liaterese ea hore a buisane le melao ea boitšoaro bo serapeng sa boikhathollo.