Limela le liphoofolo tsa Red Book tsa sebakeng Vladimir: lenane Foto

The Red Book ea Vladimir sebakeng - le tokomane, e leng hlaha ka lebaka la mosebetsi oa o boima haholo ea bo-rasaense ba. Bohona ke sebakeng ruileng meru (ba nka ho se hokae ho feta halofo ea sebaka palo yohle), le e thobang tlelaemete e le bonolo, e bolela palo e khōlō ea limela le liphoofolo. Ke ka lebaka leo sebaka Vladimir ke liphoofolo tse ngata tse sa Red Book. Tlas'a e tšoanelang haholo tlholeho liphesente tse picture 6 of naha - sebaka sa sepheo sireletsoa. Har'a bona ke National Park "Meschera" le letšeng Isihra. Mona ke karolo ea pokello le "Klyazma" ea bohlokoa 'muso.

le Lefubelu Book ke eng?

Mohato oa pele ke ho etsa qeto ea seo le Lefubelu Book, se morero oa oona le litšobotsi. Kahoo tokomane ena ke lethathamo la baemeli ba a fumanoa seoelo kapa le kotsing ea limela le liphoofolo.

Ke phoso ho nahana hore tokomane e joalo e teng feela Federation le Serussia. Ka 1963, Mokhatlo oa Machaba oa Red Book (mosebetsi oa ka e ile ea etsahala ka 1948) e se e lokolloa.

Mabapi le itseng ho naha ya rona, ho putlama ha USSR ho ne ho e Red Book tsa USSR, 'me joale - ka selemo sa 2001 se ntse o ile a bona khanya ea sete ya dimela a sireletsa le ho liphoofolo tse Russia, e bitsoang Red Book. Le nako eo, bafo ba 'Federation ho ba qalile ho hlahisa Red Data bona lebatowa Books.

Ke ee ke sekise hammoho litokomane tse tšoanang le nngwe - sebopeho bona. limela tsohle le liphoofolo li arotsoe ka dihlopha tsa nyamela ka ho feletseng (ka pel'a 'ona ke letšoao 0) ho baahi bao e leng ka tshebetso ya ho hlaphoheloa (letšoao 5). Pakeng tsa melao ea boitšoaro tsena kopana le tšokelo ea tlhophilwe nyamele (1), palo ea phokotso ea (2), ka seoelo (3) le indeterminate (4).

Kakaretso ya libuka tsohle tse khubelu le moralo bona - e mong le kopi e tsamaea le setšoantšong se khanyang le eona ke hore na tikoloho.

The Red Book ea Vladimir sebakeng

Seo sways liphoofolo le limela tse thathamisitsoeng ka Red Book ea sebaka se Vladimir, palo ea bona e tšoana le ho liphoofolo tse 160, le dimela e tšoanang le li-mushroom 10.

Re lokela ho hlokomela hore ha ho bapisoa le ka 2008 (khatiso ea pele e ea Red Book) ka nako eo palo ea liphoofolo tse e fokotsehile hantle habeli, dimela ke diyuniti 48, 'me li-fungus ka 7.

The Book Red ea Vladimir sebakeng, liphoofolo le limela tseo li bua ka taba ea sehlooho sena qalong e ile ea hatisoa ka 2008. Ho emela nako eo lethathamo la dimela tse lokela ho tlisa (Musisi taelo) ho lona. ena kaofela - ka lebaka la ho sebetsa ka thata ba bo-rasaense, ka thuso ea tse lethathamong le e entsoe ka khonehang.

Ka 2010, lenane la ntlafalitsoeng le fokotsehile. e ne e le lebaka la seo? Ka bomalimabe, feela ea fokotseha ha mefuta e phelang. Ho fihlela joale, liphoofolo tsa Red Book ea Vladimir sebakeng se le haufi le ho fela - sena muskrat Russia, le nkholi, le ba bang ba bangata. Mona ke mefuta e ho fetisisa sa tloaelehang la limela le liphoofolo tsa e mong le e le lihlopha e.

meroho lefatše

Joalokaha ho boletsoe ka holimo, e nyenyane ho feta halofo ea tšimo e sebakeng ya e koahetsoe ke meru, meru hangata birch kapa meru phaene le meru phaene. Ho boetse ho na ba tsoakileng. Libakeng tse ling, ho na le liluloana seoelo tsa lifate mocha kalaka - ba hloka mohau ho rema ka tse lekholo tse fetileng, 'me hona joale o leka ho tsosolosa. Ho joalo le tabeng le lifate tsa eike: ba ka seoelo, ke hangata ka dibanka tsa Klyazma le Oka linōka.

Bongata ba meru, tekano le mongobo le mofuthu boemo ba leholimo tsa sehlopha bohareng ba le monyetla o moholo bakeng sa khōlo ea monokotsoai le le li-mushroom. Hape, sebaka seo e ruileng le phaephe limela, tse ngata tsa tsona li thathamisitsoe e le kotsing ea ho fela, empa ka ho khetheha o ile a sireletsa ngotsweng "kotsing ea ho fela" Ka mohlala, polushnik bristly, disilipara mofumahali e mong o, Karelian birch, metsi caltrop.

Polushnik bristly - dimela fumana hammoho mabōpong a matamo a sa tšoaneng, ho khetha mobu lehlabathe le silty kapa lehlabathe feela. Polushnik ka hōla ho ka botebo ba limithara tse 2, ka tsela eo ho khetha metsi e hloekileng ka ho fetisisa. Drainage le tšilafalo ea metsi ho etsa hore e nyamele semela.

Lady o disilipara - e lipalesa, e seng feela ho otla botle ba hae, empa hape ho phekola. E atisa ho sebelisoa e le sedative le. lipalesa Sena ke e thahasellisang le se rasteniem- "lerabeng" ja fetisang phofshoana bona. Lebeloa ha feela ho pholletsa le Russia empa hape linaheng tse 'maloa Europe. ke lebaka le ka seo? Le mesebetsi e motho: ho rema meru ho lema mojaki ho dimela sebaka, ao bo a bakang tšenyo e joalo ikhethang oa baahi ba bona, se disilipara mofumahali oa.

Thahasello historing ea ho sireletsa rogulnika phaphametseng. Ho fihlela morao tjena, o ile a sebeletsa ka Red Book tsa RSFSR Leha ho le joalo, ka lebaka la ho le mehato e sebelisoa, o ile a lelekoa ho na le. Rogulnik ne feela liletsa lebatowa tikoloho. Ho akarelletsa le Red Book tsa sebakeng Vladimir: liphoofolo le limela tse thathamisitsoeng ho eona, ba hoo e batlang e nyamela sebakeng seo. Hobaneng rogulnik? litholoana tsa sona e tšoana hlooho ea poho. E e ntse e hōla ka le matangoana ka metsi ema felo gotee kapa butle phallang. From khetha mobu silty.

Lifate: Karelian birch

Karelian birch - e ikhethang ka ho feletseng ketsahalo limela. lehong lona na mohlala tlhaho.

Ho tloha mehleng ea boholo-holo e 'nile ea sebelisoa bakeng sa proizvodnje mefuta eohle ea lintho tse ba ntlo ea (ho roala mabenyane a, caskets). Ka bomalimabe, palo ea baahi ba Karelian birch e nyenyane 'me, ka lebaka leo, etsoang ke mosebetsi oa eona e polokesegong: monametsi j mong le e mong sefate e rema feela ka tumello ea ba boholong.

likokoanyana

Bongata ba meru le 'mele metsi a fana ka lehae la bolokehile hore mefuta e mengata ea limela. Leha ho le joalo, liphoofolo tsa sebakeng Vladimir, ho tse thathamisitsoeng ka Red Book, ba bangata haholo. Har'a bona ho na le e le likokoanyana le linonyana, le liphoofolo tse anyesang.

Ha e le likokoanyana, e lokela ho re pele ho tsohle ka maleshoane fatše Menetries, benyang le pherese - kaofela ha bona ke le haufi le ho fela haholo-holo ka ntlha ya go ha e le hantle hore ba lula merung (benyang, pherese), moo pesticide sebetsa, meepo, fula likhomo, kapa mokhoabo oo (Menetries), e angoa ke ho reclamation ka ngata.

U ka boela ua hlokomela bumblebees: tloaelehileng, yonellyus, boriba, litholoana le letsopa. Hape notši e-'metli oa mapolanka. baemeli ba tsena kaofela Hymenoptera ba fokotswa ka lebaka la ho senyeha tsa habitats: makhulong le meru sebediswa bakeng sa fula, sebetswa lik'hemik'hale, meru li angoa ke mello 'me ho rengoa ha lifate.

arthropoda

Rare liphoofolo tse Vladimir sebakeng tloha Red Book - e boetse arthropods. Shirokopaly le makhala uzkopaly, sekho, silverfish, Szczytno selemo le crustaceans - hore litho tse ling tsa mefuta e sa.

Kankere le uzkopaly shirokopaly, ke e thahasellisang ka hore ba se ke intersect mekoloko, 'me, butle-butle re susumelletsa hore bobeli pele. ho se tšoane kgolo ka phelang sa: ba khetha hantle tse tletseng ka metsi oksijene, e hloekileng. Sesosa sa boholo ba bona e nyenyane 'me, e le lebaka leo, ho sireletsoa ke tšilafalo le omisa ka' mele metsi a, hammoho le lefu le itseng - lefu la seoa kankere.

Sekho-lehakoe etsa environmentalists hanyenyane ka tlase ho amehiloeng ka feta crustaceans hlahiswa mona ka hodimo. Ke mefuta feela la arachnids ikamahanya le maemo ho phela ka metsing. Ho khetha metsi le hampe phallang kapa eme metsi. Ho fokotseha ha palo ea tsona, hammoho le tšilafalo e ile ea etsa hore ha e le hantle le hore metsi a se ho likho nyenyane.

Szczytno selemo le crustaceans se fapanang bona. liphoofolo tsena ke Red Book ea sebaka se Vladimir u phele ka tlase ba le matangoana, 'me botebo ba ka Range ho tloha ka emetse disentimitara tse seng kae (matangoana, liforo). Lebaka la phokotseho - omisa ka habitats, eketseha mocheso metsing.

tlhapi

Liphoofolo le limela Red Book ea Vladimir sebakeng, ho phela le matangoana, ha e felle likokoanyana le arthropods - har'a bona ho na le tlhapi. Har'a bona ho na le ho bua ka starlet le bullhead bohlokoa. Pele - hlokolosi haholo ho hloekileng metsi, ke ka lebaka leo le tlalehiloeng ka Red Book e le mefuta e kotsing ea ho fela, hobane metsi a bo hloekileng feela matamo na tlase. Ho phaella moo, kotsi karolo e bapaloang ke pōpo e motheong oa matamo oa linōka, moo metsi a sa e sa hloekisoa hantle, hobe le ho feta Khotsofatsa le oksijene, joalokaha e etsahala matamo ana ke ho le thata ho tsoa tlhapi ho spawn.

Bullhead o boetse o fumana feela ka kristale hlakile metsi. Ho fapana le sterlets ha ho fallela le o hlola ka ho ka pokello lona. tlhapi ena ho fihlela ho 12 cm, e tšosang haholo ponahalo ea: hlooho kgolo, se lekaneng le lohle mahlo khubelu. Sekala ka sculpin, empa ho na le feela meutloa, e thibela jang nama. Colouring setshwantsho tšoana le ea bohlokoa: litlhapi sootho bosehla, ka linako tse ling botala bb.

linonyana

The Red Book ea Vladimir sebakeng, liphoofolo boo photo photo photo photo - taba ea sehlooho sena, 'me e boetse e na nonyana. Baemeli ba odara sena ka lethathamo la lintho tse ngata ka, le fane ntle tseo ba nang le boemo ba "kotsing ea ho fela" feela.

Little tern. nonyana ena di theohela tlase ka mabōpong a linōka, matša le matamo, nyamele lona ka lebaka la palo e nyenyane ea libaka bakeng sa nesting khoneha, ho phaella moo, ho na le Maemong a ha tikoloho ea terns koaheloa ke metsi nakong meroallo.

Le tsoeu 'me batho ba batsho mokotatsie. mefuta tsena nonyana e 'meli ba angoa, haholo-holo ka lebaka la bosholu ba le timetso ea dihlaha. Ho ena le hoo kgolo ntle mekotatsie - fallang, likhoeling tse batang ba tloha 'me ba khutlele ho lihlaha tsa bona nakong ea selemo. Joale ba larileng ka mahe a bona 'me ba bakang. mehato Security li etselitsoe ho ba thusa hore ba nesting, hape a hatella le bosholu ba.

From linonyana tsa phofu ka hloko haholo sirelelitsoe ke le Lefubelu Book phakoe e jang litlhapi, noha ntsu, ntsu, e tšoeu-gelada ntsu le peregrine phakoe. palo ea mefuta e meng ea linonyana tsa phofu e fokotsehile ka lebaka la ho lintho tse 'maloa, haholo-holo o phetha karolo ea ho sheba mefokolo ea libaka ho ikatisa le ho timetsoa ha dihlaha ke liphoofolong tse hlaha (tse kang liphokojoe). Ka bomalimabe, ho na le le palokatiso ya tšilafalo ea tikoloho hobane ntsu le Hawk ja linonyana tse nyenyane le liphoofolo tse ka phela libakeng tse silafetseng le lik'hemik'hale.

Sephooko - nonyana e 'ngoe ea phofu, e leng tlasa tšireletso. monyetla oa ho fumana esita le lilemong tsa bo-XX e bile e batla e lefela: sephooko haufi fela. Ena e ne e haholo-holo ka lebaka la ho mesebetsi e motho: linonyana ba ne ba thunngoa, narrowed libakeng la tikoloho ea bona (ho senngoa ha meru) 'me a etsa ho le thata ho fumana lijo. Eagle sephooko ke sephooko kholo ka ho fetisisa lefatšeng. seratsoana hae ke tse fapa-fapaneng haholo, e ka ba joaloka linonyana tse ling tsa phofu le liphoofolo tse anyesang, le sehahabi. External bath tšobotsi - e mosa ea "Litsebe tsa" ea masiba hloohong.

liphoofolo tse anyesang

liphoofolo tse anyesang mofuthu-sehloho, ea Red Book ea sebaka se Vladimir, ka difoto le tlhaloso ea tsona e le tlwaetsego sehloohong sena ha ba bakae. Haholo-holo ngongoreha environmentalists bison, Eurasian Kangna, Otter le muskrat Serussia. A re hlahlobeng e mong le phoofolo ho feta.

Bison bolela parnopalym liphoofolo. Ka lintšing tsa ho fela, e nkoa e le kholo ka ho fetisisa ea liphoofolo tse anyesang bohle ka Europe. liphoofolo tsena tsa litonanahali phela ka lihlopha tse nyenyane, e leng u se ke ua lumella ungulates tse ling. Jwale, mehato di kenngwa tshebetsong ho eketsa palo ea baahi bison.

Kangna vulgaris - moemeli oa lelapa katse ka boholo ha feteng ntja e khōlō. liphoofolo tse li jang ena e na le ponahalo e sa lebaleheng haholo, tšobotsi e khethollang ea Kangna e - "borashe" ka litsebe. Phoofolo boea na le motle haholo, ka lebaka la seo ke ka morero oa ho bosholu ba.

Noka Otter Selety mabōpong a swirling noka. Ena e lokela ho ba tse nyenyane phoofolo ea lelapa mongoose, hobane metsi ana ha le hatsele ka mariha, 'me ho Otter lulang le e fepa ho' ona. O ile a ke ho sesa ka lintho tse babatsehang, o thusa 'meleng o molelele o, paws webbed le e tenya mafura hore ha le hatsele ka metsi a batang. Liphoofolo le limela Red Book ea Vladimir sebakeng na ho na le ka nako e ngata ka lebaka la tšilafalo ea tikoloho batho. Otter - ho na le mokhelo. ha e le hantle hore e ka feela lula metsi a hloekileng, 'me matamo ana e ba nyenyane.

Russia Desman - le leng hape moemeli ea liphoofolo tse anyesang, tse sireletsoa. phoofolo ena e na le qabolang haholo foromo: nko e telele, 'mele boea le entsoeng ka matla sekala mohatla-lebili, e le hore u ka potlako laola ka epa hore digs ka mabōpong a linōka khutsitseng le matamo. Ho fetisisa tse nyenyane bosholu ba phoofolo sokela: ka tse lekholo tse XIX e ile felisa lintho tse ngata e khōlō. O ile a phaella monehelo lona ho fokotseha ha baahi ba le mosebetsi moruo motho eo: metsi drainage kapa kaho molaong oa mabopo bona.