Renaissance ke eng? Kakaretso boikemisetso le taba e potolohileng ea histori

Renaissance aesthetics ne le tšusumetso e khōlō ka ho hōla ha lingoliloeng lefatše le bonono. le Renaissance ka epoch e ke eng? Lentsoe la ho bolela ho "tsoaloa la bobeli" le ke ya metso Mataliana le Mafora. lekhetlong lena pele setso sa nako New tluoa tabeng ea ho nka sebaka e Bohareng.

Renaissance: moelelo le tlhaloso ea lentsoe

The hakanyetsoa nako foreimi - ho tloha 14 ho 17 la lilemo, linaheng tse fapaneng ka litsela tse sa tšoaneng. Phapang ka sehloohong ho tloha eras tse ling - setso boipheliso le boipiletso ba lona ho motho (anthropocentrism). Ka matla a nchafatsoa bonahatsa thahasello ea setso sa boholo-holo. Ho e mosa ea tsoseletso e ile ea lona. Kahoo telele. O bonahala a lekholo la bo19 la lilemo. Ka bophelo ba letsatsi le letsatsi e kena ka moeta-pele French Zhyul Mishle. Ka kutloisiso ea tšoantšetso ea lentsoe Renaissance bolela lokola ya setso nchafatso, lentsoe sebelisoa ho lilemo leha e le efe.

Renaissance ke eng?

Boikemisetso ba ho Renaissance, ka mosa ba bang ba le lecha paradigm setso e hlahile ka lebaka la liphetoho tse lefatše ka bophelo sechabeng Europe ka nako eo. Ho bile le ho oa ha Byzantium, 'me ba bang ba baahi ba boemong bona ba ile ba balehela Europe, noa le eena ba bangata ba sebelisa laebrari' me mesebetsi ea bonono. Har'a bona - e ngata mehloli e ka sehloohong ea boholo-holo ba neng ba e hitherto tsejoeng Europe tsa Mehleng e Bohareng. Ka sebopeho le kgolo ya toropo-e re, ho hlaha ha litlelase tsa sechaba e sa lefelloeng ea botaki butle-butle timetsoa boleng tsamaiso, tse itseng litso mehleng e bohareng (haholo-holo - tsa kereke, ho retelehela ho Molimo, ho itšoara ka thata le ba ikokobelitseng). Lipontšo pele la humanism, e nkoa e le hore na motho ea ka sebaka sa pele, a bua le ho ba le bolokolohi ba hae, e sebetsang ho bōpa mosebetsi oa batho ka bomong.

Ho etsa boipiletso khale

E o ile a qala ho hlaha ha litsi boipheliso ea bonono le saense, ho hanyetsa le taolo kereke le ho feta ho eona. Renaissance worldview bua ka khale, ka nako ena o ile a bona ka mohlala oa humanism le lebaka la ho hloka austerity. The khatiso, o ile a qapa a lekholo la bo15 la lilemo, o phetha karolo ea bohlokoa ka phatlalatso ea mehloli e ka sehloohong ea boholo-holo, 'me le bona - maikutlo a tse ncha tsa Europe eohle. Ea bana ba sa tsoa hatisitsoeng folios likelello tsa tsoelang pele ho ithuta hore e joalo e tsosolosoe. liboto tsa lona melao ea boitšoaro: humanism le ipiletsa ho motho eo batho, maikutlo a e bonolo batho, esita le ea ka setšoantšo sa bafo la Molimo.

tlhophiso

Renaissance ke eng ka taba e potolohileng foreime nako? Setso ho khetholla mekhahlelo e mene ea Renaissance:

1. Protorenessans (lekholong la lilemo la bo13 la lilemo) e amahanngoa le ho ba lokisetsa ho ea le Renaissance, Romanesque le Gothic lineano mehleng e bohareng (Italy, Florence). baemeli ba ba hlaheletseng ba Giotto, Arnolfo by Cambio, Benotstso Gotstsoli. A litsoantso tse betliloeng - lelapa Pisano. Giotto ne ho nkoa e le Raliphetoho ea ho penta (eo hona joale ka hara Renaissance hamorao), tlatsa liforomo tsa bolumeli tsa dikahare boipheliso ke kena lipalo tse tharo-tlhakore, bontšang tsa ka hare. Mesebetsing ea hae qalong bontša ho utloisisa seo Renaissance ka bonono e fapaneng ho tloha maikutlo a ba kereke ea lefatše.
2. Renaissance Early etsahala Italy ho fihlela 1500. Bonono hlokomela ka axioms morao-rao tsa bophelo ba motho (nako e nkiloeng khale classic). Le ka Spain, ho etsahala hanyane hamorao, lilemong tsa bo15 morao le e ile ea nka ho fihlela bohareng ba hlahlamang.
3. Phahameng Renaissance etsahala Italy ka mathoasong a lekholo la bo16 la lilemo. Bonono Center ea Florence, o ile a fallela motseng oa Roma. Le Pope Julius II hulela tlas'a mapheo a mangata lona baetsi ba litšoantšo ba ka Italy. Roma e ne e ka nako eo le lecha Athens. Motse oo o hahiloe a mangata mehaho, khabisitsoeng ka litšoantšo le frescoes. Ho ngoliloe a mangata litšoantšo, e leng ho fihlela letsatsing lena ba nkoa e le mahakoe sebele oa ya bokgabane. Mefuta eohle ea bonono e metle sebelisana, susumetsa e mong le e tse ling. Sebetsa haufi-ufi ba ithuta le mehleng ea khale. The lipalo hlaheletseng ka ho fetisisa ea nako ena ke haholo Leonardo le Michelangelo le Raphael.
4. Morao Renaissance phethoa lekholong la bo17 la lilemo (lilemo tse 20). Bahlahlobisisi ba bang ba lumela hore esita le ka ho oa ha Roma (1527) e ile ea fela le Renaissance. Ha e le hantle, le tlhaloso ea eona e le thothomelang lilemong eo ba tlisa ho lerei tloaelehile hore batho ba ke ke ha khoneha. Likarolong tse ling tsa Europe ho tloha mekete Counter-Phetohelo, eo ile a hana ho nahana tsohle mahala le likhopolo tsa khale. Florence le bothata Mannerism. Ka Venice (1570) tsoela pele ka mosebetsi oa Titian le Palladio, moo bothata ba bonahala ba e nyenyane angoa.
5. Northern Renaissance hlahile ka mor'a 1500 linaheng tsa Jeremane, Fora le Netherlands. Sena tlhahiso Renaissance ke batlang a fapane hanyenyane ho tswa ho Setaliana. baemeli ba e ikhethang ke Albrecht Durer, Pieter Bruegel.

The Renaissance e ne e le bohato ba bohlokoa bohlokoa ka ho hōla ha tsebo ea ka, ea ileng a fa lefatše a mangata bangodi le tsebo, ka ntle ho e ke ke ha khoneha ho fana ka setso sa moloko oa batho.