Pshatlang leqhoa "Moeta-pele": ditshebetso le photo photo photo photo

Tataiso ka sehloohong ea tsoelo-pele ea ka Leboea ea Leoatle Route ke ho tiisa hore ke diyantle ea thepa matsoai tala, 'me bakeng sa mosebetsi ona naha hloka moeta-pele e ncha pshatlang leqhoa. Kenngwa tshebetsong ea merero matsete a naheng ea mehlodi ya matsoai (motso ha bona ba amanang le oli le khase, le tse 'nè tse ngata - le mashala le meepo manya, ho akarelletsa le o teng le ka moso - Norilsk, Dudinka, New Port Dickson, "Yamal lng ba" le ho batho ba bang) ho hloka e tsoelang pele kangoo. Le hobane a sa nako e telele, ka ho fetisisa hang-hang, - eketseha sephethephethe NSR, eo hona joale sebetsa likepe tse pshatlang leqhoa guttate, eo e mene ea athomo e mene disele-motlakase. Ba ha ho a lekana, hobane ho tla ba le ea kajeno 'me e lokela sekepeng se pshatlang leqhoa le moeta-pele kapele.

Boemo bo le mesebetsi

Ka metsi a Northern Sea Route ke, joalokaha ho boletsoe, likepe robeli: nyutlelie "Vaigach", "Taimyr", "Yamal" le "Lilemo 50 Tlhōlo", hammoho le dienjini disele "Captain Dranitsin", "Kapitan Khlebnikov", "Krasin" le "Admiral Makarov". Port tsa dibopeho tsa motheo ka ntshetsopeleng lona e tsepamisa maikutlo ka ho feletseng ka ho hōla ha masimo a oli le khase, le ho hlaha ha likepe tse ncha ea kajeno, se moeta-pele pshatlang leqhoa nakong e tlang, eo le eena ka ho feletseng ka lebaka la ho meepo. Joalo sejana se le deadweight tsa boima ba lithane tse fetang sekete le makholo a le mong le limithara tse fetang mashome a mahlano le bophara ba, e tla ho phethahatsoa batsamai selemo ho pota ho tsamaisa bohle hammoho tsela leoatle. Lebelo, e tšepisa hore o tla ba le moeta-pele oa sekepe se pshatlang leqhoa, rerile e ka bolokang tjhelete - hoo e ka bang leshome le metso e mehlano mafito ka leqhoa thickest.

moralo selelekela e ile phethahatsoa "Krylovskiy SSC" le CDB "thula thaba ea leqhoa". Ho tloha qalong, o ile a ba le Newest tsa nyutlelie-tsamaisoa pshatlang leqhoa le moeta-pele (Lk-110YA porojeke e ne). O khona ho fana ka selemo ho pota tsamaya le ho tsamaea le tsohle tsa leeto la ho Arctic. sekepe se ne se lokela ho ba le e khōlō - limithara tse fetang tse makholo a mabeli ka nako e telele 'me a mashome a mane le bophara ba. Matla a eona ka lifate, ho ea ka lebitso la mosebetsi oo, o rerile ho ka 110 MW (tlaleho ea sehlooho: Lk - leqhoa-breaker, 110 - matla, ke - le matla a nyutlelie dimela). Ka ho toba le tsohle hammoho le NSR hlokahala likepe tse pshatlang leqhoa, ea nang le bokhoni ba ho hlōla leqhoa botenya le limithara tse tharo le halofo. Empa ho na le e ne e le porojeke e ne e nngwe - Lk-120 MW, tšepo ea Arctic likepe tsa rona, le ho bua ka eona e tla tšohloa mona ka tlase.

merero

Karolong e ka bophirimela ho Arctic leqhoa hase joaloka teteaneng - limithara tse ho fihlela ho a mararo, 'me ka hona a ka fana ka likepe tse pshatlang leqhoa tsamaya ka nako efe kapa efe ea selemo, esita le haeba ba ne ba na le bokgoni ba megawatts ho fihlela ho tse mashome a tšeletseng. Ka Bochabela, tsela eohle, leqhoa boemo boo bo fapane haholo. Kahoo ho tšehetsa selemo ho pota tsamaya hammoho e ka Leboea ea Leoatle Route, bophelo katoloso sa likepe tse teng tsa nyutlelie-tsamaisoa lokiselitsoe (pele ho lokiselitsoe lekholo likete lihora tse, 'me joale - tse lekholo le mashome a mahlano). 'Me ka nako ena ho haha' me a beha ho sebetsa e le moloko o mocha oa bokahohleng a nyutlelie habeli-e thaothelang sesole e mechine, le se le moeta-pele oa sekepe se pshatlang leqhoa (Lk-110YA porojeke e ne). merero joalo bo le teng ho fihlela ka 2008, ha likepe tse pshatlang leqhoa tse ncha ba tlameha ho behoa ho sebetsa.

Ka lebaka leo, ho ea nyutlelie-tsamaisoa "Siberia" le 'nile ntlafatswa, le tsomo "Arctic" o ile a hlaha ka 1972, e leng e khathetse ka botlalo mehlodi ya lona, o ne a ka June 2016 nkeloa sebaka ke tse ncha "Arctic", e leng bokhoni ba ho nka sebaka likepe tse pshatlang leqhoa tse pedi - le bakeng sa leoatle-ea tse tharo-mithara leqhoa,' me ho sebetsa ka linoka tse. Leha ho le joalo, lonthja ha ho bolele ho phethoa mosebetsi oohle. Qetellong, sekepe se pshatlang leqhoa tla beha ho sebetsa ka December ka 2017, ha bohle tsoela ho ea ka moralo. Ena ke sekepe e le molemo haholo, 'me ho hlokahala hore haholo, empa ho ke ke ha e le moeta-pele e tšoanang. Tšobotsi A ke hore moeta-pele oa sekepe se pshatlang leqhoa leqhoa passability ka eketsa ho fihlela ho limithara tse tharo le halofo. Ho phaella moo, e ile ea eketseha ka tekanyo ea mariha, empa ka lebaka pilotage tla fuwa ntle tlōla Molao wa isa thepa. Ha nako ea selemo kapa boemo ba leholimo maemo tla ua tšoenyeha pshatlang leqhoa Lk-110YA ( "moeta-pele oa" - ka morero khoutu tabeng ena). Ntshetsopeleng ne phathahane CDB "thula thaba ea leqhoa" le OKBM lebitso Afrikantov (Nyutlelie mehaho).

Kamoo ke mosebetsi

Ka 2015, lefatšeng o ile a bona seo 'pshatlang leqhoa le moeta-pele ea nyutlelie-tsamaisoa, le hoja feela o ne a itokiselitse ho Project. Ka December ea selemo o ile a re e ile ea tšoareloa ea bohlano International Forum inehetseng ho ea hona joale le nakong e tlang ho Arctic, le Krylov Center Lipatlisiso ka seluloana sa eona o ile a bontša tšepisa ea mohlala ea bokamoso ba sekepe. E ne e le sekepe se pshatlang leqhoa, moeta-pele oa mosebetsi oo 10510. bokgoni Eona e rerile ka megawatts lekholo mashome a mabeli, 'me e hahiloe ho tla ba le lilemo tse robeli kapa robong. Potlaka le ena ke ke ha khoneha, re lokela ho ba le tsa dibopeho tsa motheo e nepahetseng 'me thepa likepe. Ka 2015 e ile ea phethoa moralo selelekela, 'me ka 2016 etselitsoe le Technology. Hona joale o lokisetsa moralo ditokomane. Ka mosebetsi ona, e le moeta-pele e ncha pshatlang leqhoa e tla a pheta ka mefuta e fapaneng ya maemo trima.

Ebe Kubinka e ne e le mang forum machaba "Army 2016", moo ea mohlala e ne e hlahisoa hape, empa e fapaneng ho tloha tšimolohong. Design porojeke e ne fetohile sebopeho haholo. Ea nyutlelie pshatlang leqhoa porojeke e ne "Moeta-pele" o ntse a ntshetswa pele ke lik'hamphani tse 'maloa. Pele ho tsohle, CDB "thula thaba ea leqhoa" - le developer indonesia isang le Krylovskiy SSC hakaalo lumellana le bona e mong le e le moralo tlhaloganyong. Tabeng ena, ea bokantle bo fetohile haholo. Ka 2017 |, ho sebediswa e sebetsang ea ho hōla a qala.

tshebetso hanyane

Moralo, e leng tla ba le ntoa ea nyutlelie pshatlang leqhoa Moeta-pele (Project 10510) ke e ikhethang, ke khona ho fana ka ho wiring ka leqhoa le, esita le ba bajari kgolo bongata le likepe tsa oli, ba ba neng ba hona joale o sebedisa Northern Sea Route ke ke. A lentsoe le lecha historing ea indasteri shipbuilding tla kena seo sekepe ke ke ua ba leha e le efe e tšoanang sefapano likhopo tsa mantlha (foreime), e leng lokela ho fana ka e lumellang metsi ho kena e ikhethang ka leqhoa, e leng sa khone ho etsa e 'ngoe ea sekepe se pshatlang leqhoa lena sehlopha sa. Bayemi ba balwa le fumanoa ditharollo ntjha botekgeniki hore moeta-pele oa sekepe se pshatlang leqhoa, moralo Foto behoa qalong le qetellong ea tlhahlobo ea rōna, re ka ba bonolo ho hlōla esita le tse tharo le halofo le limithara tse mane teteaneng leqhoa le esita le tsohle tse hlano, paving bakeng sa likepe Channel bophara ba limithara tse fetang mashome a mahlano.

Le ho ea ka "a masesaane" leqhoa (limithara tse pedi!), E tla nka sebaka se se nang ho fokotsa lebelo la mafito metso e mene. Le matla, rerile lilemo tse leshome tse fetileng, se bonahala ho ba lekaneng. megawatts lekholo mashome a mabeli lokela ho ba le bonyane moetapele hlooho pshatlang leqhoa, 110 MW bayemi se nkoa matla a tlwaelehileng haholo bakeng sa jwalo colossus. Ka mor'a letoto la tloaelehileng pshatlang leqhoa Lk-60 peli mitha leqhoa e tsamaea ka lebelo la nodes ba babeli feela, 'me le khona ho senya ka lebaleng la ho matha ha batsi ho feta limithara tse mashome a mararo a metso e tšeletseng. Masokoana le ka ho sona le lecha le tla etsoa tsa lintho tse bonahalang graphene, 'me ha ba na analogues lefatšeng. Sena sehlahisoa buka e ikhethang invulnerable ho leqhoa, e leng ho fetola sebopeho bakeng Optimum ho itšetlehile ka lebelo la pshatlang leqhoa, e leng ho bolela hore sekepe lebelo e sa lahlehile, empa e tla be fetoha le maemo. Ka hoetla selemong sa ka 2017 ho etsa lipatlisiso - dipalo, liteko li bile li rarahane - e se e phethiloe, 'me liteko li fetile. boikemelo sejana sa rerile robeli-khoeli (bolelele ba leeto la ntle le e ipiletsang ha boema-kepe a), 'me nako ea ho tshebetso - ka lilemo tse mashome a mane. Hlooho pshatlang leqhoa Moeta-pele (Project 10510) lokiselitsoe ho kenela tšebeletso ea ka 2024 |.

lipalo

Ho phaella tabeng ea ho ea fihla hloohong ya icebreaking sejana, tsoela pele ho etsoa le bao a neng a tšohloa pejana sehloohong sena - ke tsa nyutlelie-tsamaisoa pshatlang leqhoa, moeta-pele oa 110 MW. Displacement tsa boima ba lithane tse 600 e 55, bolelele - palo e kahodimodimo 206, 'me ho bophara - limithara tse 40, botebo - limithara tse 20, sludge - 13, le ho sebetsa bonyane - limithara tse 11. Ba tla hlomelloa le masokoana tse tharo. Ke metsi e ba a hloekileng e tla tsamaea ka lebelo la mafito 24 le roba leqhoa botenya ho fihlela ho limithara tse 3,5. pshatlang leqhoa e joalo e tla hloka basebetsi ba tsa batho ba 127.

Le bakeng sa papiso, hlooho ea litšobotsi moeta-pele oa sekepe se pshatlang leqhoa (Project 105110). Displacement phahame haholo - boima ba lithane tse 71380, bolelele 209 limithara, bophara ba 47,7. Magweregwere tloha sejana ena ke e tšoanang - limithara tse 13. Empa tsamaiso melena le lintho tse ngata tse matla haholoanyane. Raktora ho tla ba le tse peli tse - RITM-400, ka bobeli ba mocheso khumo ea 350 MW. A matla sejana, joalokaha ho ne a re ka holimo, 120 MW. Ho latela pshatlang leqhoa matha ka mefuta e fapaneng ha se fokolang, boikemelo litokisetso - likhoeli tse robeli. linomoro e thahasellisang correlating sejana sekhahla patency le leqhoa: e botenya ba 4.3 m - 2 noute, joaloka e botenya ba 2 m - 15 mafito. E le bophara ba le kanaleng, e leng ho thusa ho etsa sekepe se pshatlang leqhoa - 51 limithara tse.

Ka holimo haholo

Bakeng sa ho thehoa ha likepe tse pshatlang leqhoa joalo se amohetsweng qeto ke 'muso oa Russia, moo ditjhelete fuwe mosebetsi wa ho rarolla maloa tsa mekhatlo - Lekala la Industry Russia, Russia Lekala la Transport, Lekala la Lichelete le State Corporation "Rosatom". kaho Serial tla qala ka mor'a 2020. A moralo selelekela kajeno e loketse, 'me ho hahoa likepe tse pshatlang leqhoa qala 110 MW. A hlooho-moeta-pele oa sekepe se pshatlang leqhoa ke habeli matla joaloka hona joale tlas'a kaho - shestidesyatimegavattnyh, joalokaha ho boletsoe se ka May 2015, Dmitry Rogozin. mohato ntshetsopeleng tla hlōla ka odara rerile ke tshisinyo botekgeniki, joale moralo selelekela, ka mor'a morero ke ka botsebi 'me qetellong ho sebetsa.

'Me lilemo tse peli hamorao, ha a le qetellong ea June 2017 |, St. Petersburg bula International Maritime Defense Show, moo Aleksey Rahmanov, Mopresidente Shipbuilding Corporation, o ile a bua haholo ka tebello e tla tlisa kahong ea porojeke e ne pshatlang leqhoa 10510 "Moeta-pele". O ile a boela a hlokomela hore Lekala la Industry ba dithuso morero feela mosebetsi ka lekhetlo la pele, hobane litšobotsi theknoloji leha ho le joalo ba ile ba sebetsa ka ho lekaneng. Ke ka lebaka leo ho thehoe morero lichelete bakeng sa kaho lona a e-s'o bo qalile. deadlines pshatlang leqhoa sebetsa di pele ba ile ba fallela selemo se seng. Ho ile qalong lokela ho e etsa ka de 2023, 'me hona joale e bitsoang, th sa 2025.

Kamoo e etsahetseng

The mofuta fetisisa tsepisa ea likepe tse pshatlang leqhoa ho nakong e tlang foreseeable ditsebi tsohle o bona Russia ea nyutlelie pshatlang leqhoa porojeke e ne 10510 "Moeta-pele", ho akarelletsa le LC-110YA le LC-120YA). Mosebetsi ka sehloohong bakeng sa sejana se jwalo - ho fana ka selemo ho pota tsamaya hammoho bolelele kaofela tsa Northern Sea Route le ho tšoara le leeto ho Arctic. mecha ea litaba tse ngata a bulwa ba hlokometse hore Rosatomflot tšepisa hore o tla haha sekepe joalo ke de 2023 ka Severodvinsk kapa St Petersburg, le mokhoa oa ho etsa joalo e tla fana ka lenaneo la sotsekonomrazvitiya Russia Arctic, le 'me ka nako e le ho fihlela ho 2020 tla chelete,' me ka lentsoe lena le nako e telele.

Leha ho le joalo, ka April 2017 | Lekala la Ntšetso-pele ea moruo e kena-kenana le tshisinyo ya ho khalemelo ka ho phethahetseng ea lenaneo, ho sa kenyeletswe la dithuso tsa ditjhelete tsa li-ruble tse limilione tse likete tse mashome a robeli, tseo rerile ho sebelise a kaho ea sekepe. Mohlomong u ka qeto ena e utloahalang: ho ba le seabo joalo morero e khōlō boemo lokela, e seng feela. Naha na le e ngata ho motse-moholo poraefete, e leng e na le molemo haholo ho ho bōptjoa ha leqhoa-breaker, se qalang tsamaya ho potoloha hammoho e ka Leboea ea Leoatle Route.

Maritime Defense Show

Thanks ho International Maritime Defense Show, le ho sa tsotellehe ya kongei-ba khahlanong le Russia, baemeli basele ba bangata haufi-ufi haholo tloaelane le mosebetsi oo a pshatlang leqhoa se secha. Ho ne ho balaoli ba mabotho a sesole sa metsing ea linaheng tse sa tšoaneng, Mongoli oa Navy le palo e khōlō ea bahlahisi tsoang linaheng tse ling, haholo-holo Europe. Ba ne ba thahasella haholo ka merero e amanang le ho sesoleng hona jareteng ea rona, 'me, ka molao-motheo, e le hore ntho e' ngoe e thahasellisang ha baa ka ba shoa neng kapa neng.

Arctic sehlooho - tsohle e khethehileng. diporojeke kaofela likepe tse pshatlang leqhoa Russia ba 'nile ba ka ho feletseng o ile a ithuta baeti tsoang linaheng tse ling, empa ho pshatlang leqhoa "Moeta-pele" ka halofo thahasello eo ba ne ba bontša ka ho makala. Khōlō hoo likepe tse pshatlang leqhoa a nyutlelie "Siberia", "Ural", "Arctic" tla beha ho sebetsa ho tloha de 2019 ho 2021 |-go th, 'me bohle ba na le halofo le bokgoni - 60 MW. 'Me sena se - le moeta-pele, o ile a le megawatts hae mashome a mabeli le makholo a tla kgona ho hahola ho fihlela leqhoa le hoo e batlang e ha ho na lithibelo - limithara tse bonyane tse hlano teteaneng.

maikutlo a setsebi

lijana icebreaking tsa eketseha, empa ka lebaka la taolo ya likepe - le libetsa tsa nyutlelie le ho bao e seng tsa nyutlelie - tlile ho hlokahala hore a kopanya, - hore litsebi Russia o ile a maikutlo a ena. Naheng ya rona, ya e le hantle, ho na le ba bang ba mehlodi ya ho haha matla ka ho fetisisa pshatlang leqhoa likepe, 'me ka sebele e tla ka botlalo ile a bolela ka ho Arctic, e le thepa ea ho lula a le ntseng le hōla. Leha ho le joalo, ho haha lijana Arctic lokela sebetsana e seng feela le ditshenyehelo tsa mmuso. Ho latela litsebi, ho ke ke ho hlokahala hore ho be le sebaka sena le ho hohela le dipeeletso tsa poraefete ho kaho ea likepe tse pshatlang leqhoa tse ncha.

Moqolo oa sekhukhu a hammoho le NSR (Northern Sea Route) bakeng sa 2016 e ne e le ka lilemo tse supileng le boima ba lithane tse limilione tse halofo, 'me le qaleha ea pshatlang leqhoa e, ho fana ka selemo ho pota tsamaya, o ile a tla hōla ho fihlela ho limilione tse mashome a robeli. Se ke litšepiso 2024 | lipalangoang ho feta boima ba lithane tse limilione tse mashome a mane. The thepa ka sehloohong - oli, liquefied khase ea tlhaho, tšepe, mashala. Mekhatlo kopanela meepo le ho e lokisa ya le liminerale, haholo-holo thahasella ponahalo ea pshatlang leqhoa lena sehlopha sa. E tšepisa ba phaello e ngata haholo, ka hona, a le invested.

mehlodi ya Arctic

The rerile ntshetsopeleng ya mehlodi ya Arctic selemo le selemo eketsa phallo ya thepa hammoho NSR ena. Mehleng ea ntshetsopeleng liindasteri ho amahanngoa le ka holim'a tsohle ho ithuta libakeng tse ncha 'me libakeng tse ruileng matlotlo pele ho tsohle - oli le khase. mosebetsi ona e se etsahalang ka nako e telele, 'me phello e ne e le Norilsk liindasteri, Kola morafo, Nenets le Yamalo-Nenets oli le khase indasteri, hammoho le tse ling tse ngata dintho tse ding le kgolo tseleng ho tloha Kola ho le Chukotka Hloahloeng.

Esita le kajeno, ho Arctic - ke ba etsang liphesente tse mashome a robeli ea tlhahiso khase, ba etsang liphesente tse leshome le motso ea tlhahiso ea oli, ba etsang liphesente tse mashome a robong a metso e mehlano tsa ho hula khase e nikele le ba etsang liphesente tse lekholo - apatite. liminerale sohle seo re fa libaka tsena, esita le thata ho enumerate. Thepa sephethephethe ka Arctic e feletseng amanang le ke diyantle tsa lihlahisoa tsena, 'me hore ba mashome tse limilione tse boima ba lithane tse. Ho hloka e seng feela leqhoa-qartulad, empa hape likepe thepa tse ngata ka ho lekaneng, le sehlopha sa phahameng ka ho fetisisa, ho etsa mohlala - iphaphathile-7. tse ngata tsa leqhoa-qartulad tlameha ho imenne habeli bonyane, hobane tsohle e hona joale ho sebetsa se feletsoe ke tiisetso ya tšebeletso ho qetela nako.