Mokhoa oa ho ngola Gothic tsa mehaho

Mokhoa oa ho ngola Gothic tsa mehaho o ile a qala ho nka sebopeho karolong e ka leboea ea Fora ea kajeno 'me sebaka sa Switzerland morao-rao le Belgium ho pota e le qalo ea lekholong la XII. Ka mor'a moo, e nyenyane hamorao - Jeremane.

Pele sebopeho Gothic ka mehaho e nkoa e le ea baitlami kereke ea Saint-Denis, haufi Paris. Emisoa porojeke e ne Abbe Suger, ho ke ke ka tloaelo ho gotika sebopeho le arches nchocho. From liqhobosheane lona Romanesque hlahang ka mohau haholo.

Ka kakaretso, mokhoa oa ho ngola Gothic tsa mehaho se futsitseng ho le phahametse ea Roma ea mehaho tsamaisong kakaretso ea bonono le mefuta e ka sehloohong ea meaho ea bolumeli. Ka tsebo ea ho cathedrals Gothic ba lula sebakeng se khethehileng.

Likereke, hahoa mokhoa ona, emela tswakana phahameng ka ho fetisisa la mehaho le ho penta le litsoantso tse betliloeng. A maholohali a potoloha arches ea Romanesque fetolwa khethollang ba khoro Gothic ka holimo nchocho, e ba telele, e moqotetsane litšiea le litora, arched selotlolo mala qaphalletsoa-khalase lifensetere, ho enneng khabisitsoeng kene lekokong le ho hongata hoo ya dintlha betliloeng (vimpergov, tympanum, archivolt). likarolo tsohle ba 'nile ba etselitsoe ho hatisa paatsepama.

setaele Gothic tsa mehaho e ile ea bitsoang ho tswa ho Segerike "gotos". Mehleng ea khale, le Magothe li ne li bitsoa meloko Barbare hlaselang naha ea 'Muso oa Roma ho tloha ka leboea. Ho ea ka tšōmo, e leng lentsoe le pele e sebelisoang ke Raphael.

Symbols tsa mehaho gotika tsa kerekeng e khōlō 'me ba qala ho tšela, tlosa loko le sabole ea ka mokhoa oa Roma. Bakeng sa lekholong la lilemo la XII. tšoauoa ka le tšusumetso e khōlō ka bophelo ba bolumeli.

le likereke tsa Gothic ho ile ha hahoa meloko e. Notre Dame Cathedral e ile ea hahoa lilemo tse makholo ho feta tse peli, ea Roma e Cathedral ho tloha 1211 batang tla ba qalong ea lekholo la lilemo la XV, le Milan - ho fihlela ho XIX.

mehaho Gothic o ne a lokela ho tšoantšetsa ho lumellana ka tempeleng ea leholimong. Ka lebaka leo, re ba qapa moralo hore eu hlola lejoe tala. Sena se ile sa fetoloa ka thuso ea khoele litsebi ka "leqhoeleng".

Bonono lekunutu e ne e le 'nete ea hore moralo bonwang mehaho Gothic se tsamaisane le ntho ea sebele. Huge boima arches hlaha koahetsoeng Air, ikhethang fetotsoeng boholo tloaelehileng kena-kenana kolukaluka utloisisa mabaka moralo 'me u hlokomela tekanyo e sebele. The kerekeng e khōlō Gothic bonahala hore ho tloha ka tlas'a maoto a e tsamaea fatše, 'me monna eo a nyolohela le mohohlo sepakapakeng egoist.

Mokhoa oa ho ngola Gothic ya mehaho, ratang ho bapala le leseli. Ntlha e ka sehloohong ea setaele ena ke ho bopa phello ea khanya kile phallang e tsoang ho Molimo, e tšoantšetsang bohlale ba moea le tlhahiso-leseling. morero ona e ile a sebeletsa ke khalase lifensetere qaphalletsoa.

Gothic setaele ntshetswa pele haholo-holo metseng e meholo. Mebala hlaheletseng tsa mehaho ke mosehla, e putsoa le khubelu. Lesika la meaho le mehaho e fumanweng tlhaku ogival, arches thehoa ya intersecting arcs. Meaho hahoa haholo-holo ya sebopeho ya khutlonnetsepa le arches tse ngata o ile a bontša, ho retelehela ka litšiea.

E tlamang dintlha tse ka hare di nepahetse arches le litšehetso, tse rarahaneng seo makhasi a sona. Kaho ea meaho tšoauoa openwork foreime Lejoe tšehetsa atoloswa ho fihlela lifensetereng, di seheletswe mola katlase masapo sebopeho. Karolo ea bohlokoa ea ho rala a atoloswa ho fihlela silafalitsoeng khalase lifensetere tsa khalase ka mebala-bala, ka linako tse ling ho na le ho potoloha le khabisitsoeng le lebokose. mamati a khabisitsoeng ka arches lancet, ribbed.

Mehaho ka mokhoa Gothic fumanang bang fantastis hlaha ka pono ea marako a lejoe leo bonahale leseli le airy. Sena lightness, airiness, utloahaleng le mohlolo Pono ba tlamang thepa ya sebopeho leha e le efe ka mokhoa Gothic.

Gothic setaele ba feta har'a mekhahlelo e meraro ea histori ea ntshetsopeleng - e mathoasong a Gothic, heyday (High Gothic) le Late Gothic.

Qalong ea le XVI lekholong la lilemo la Gothic mokhoa oa mehaho e qala ho lahleheloa ke boemo ba eona mabapi le ho fihla ha setso ya Renaissance neano.