Ke eng mesoderm, 'me seo sa ntshetsopele ya lona ke mang?

Embryogenesis - e rarahaneng, e leng e tšoauoa ka sebopeho butle-butle makala le lisele. Fetisisa multicellular phelang, ea kokoana-hloko ea embryo li entsoe ka le dikarolo tse tharo: ectoderm, endoderm, mesoderm. ke eng mesoderm? Le chitin masapo tsa arthropods le epidermis ea letlalo, 'me tsamaiso ea methapo ke se hlahang ho yona ectodermal. Tshilong ya dijo, endocrine le tsamaiso ea ho hema ha thehoa ho tswa ho endoderm ena. Joale, litho tse 'me lisele tse fana ka phahama ho mesoderm? Joalokaha ho thehoa?

ke eng mesoderm. tlhaloso

dinama tse nyenyane tse, kapa lekala tsamaiso epe thehoa ea mokato itseng ea lisele embryo. ke eng mesoderm? Thutong ea baeloji, tlhaloso ena ke hore e ke e 'ngoe ho tseo tse kokoana-hloko, e leng nakong eo embryogenesis thehoa' maloa tsa makala le lisele. Bobeli lebitso mesoderm - mezoblast. Sebopeho sa lera ena ke tloaelehileng bakeng sa liphoofolo tse ngata multicellular (mokhelo: mofuta oa lesela le mofuta Coelenterates).

Mesoderm teng pakeng tsa ectoderm le endoderm. E mong le e tsa boahelani le dikarolo kokoana-hloko e ka kenya letsoho ha ho sebopeho sa mezoblasta. Ka lebaka leo, mefuta e 'meli se hlahang ho yona secrete bohare embryonic lera: entomesoderm, ekzomezoderma. Ho boetse ho na le maemo a moo sebopeho sa mezoblasta seabo hang dibopeho bobeli.

Mesoderm ka e ka thoko nucleation lakane thehoa mohato gastrulation.

Mesoderm sebopeho. Features ya sebopeho

ke eng mesoderm? Thutong ea baeloji, e nahanne hore e mong le e lekala la e embryogenesis multicellular phoofolo thehoa 'ngoe ho tseo tse kokoana-hloko. Sebopeho sa mesoderm - tloaelehileng aramorfoz mofuta flatworms .. Kahoo ho entseng pele 'nete bohareng lera germinal. Thaepa seponche le mofuta Coelenterates ke moemeli bilayer liphoofolo embryogenesis thehoa feela ectoderm le endoderm.

Joang ho bōptjoa ha mesoderm joang?

Ho na le litsela tse tharo tsa thuto ea mezoblasta.

1. Teloblastichesky. Protostomes bath ea liphoofolo. Sele ka 'ngoe e thehoa ho tswa mesoderm teloblastov eo leshano pakeng ecto- le endoderm. Ka lebaka leo hlobolisa ba babeli hammoho le mesoderm kokoana-hloko embryo.
2. Enterocoel. mokhoa ona oa ho sebopeho sa mesoderm ke tloaelehileng bakeng sa ho fetisisa deuterostome (kruglorotnye, tlhapi, sehahabi). lisele tse Mesoderm ba thehoa ho tswa ho dikarolo arohaneng tsa eyeglobe hlabolohang.
3. From ectoderm ena. mokhoa o joalo e se e fumanoe ka lihahabi, linonyana le liphoofolo tse anyesang. peculiarity lona ke hore mesoderm e thehoa ka invagination tsa ectoderm ena.

Sebōpeho sa mesoderm ho

ke eng mesoderm? Sena ke e se feela lesihla ea lisele tšoanang, 'me le farologantswng la ka mafapha a' maloa tsa tshebetso tsa lera peo. Karohano mezoblasta le hlaha butle-butle, sephetho le libakeng tse latelang di fuwa:

1. Somites - di behuwe ka bobedi lente-joaloka sebopeho, pakeng tsa eo Ho thehoa ka kakaretso - sa bobeli mohohlo mmeleng. Phehella ho annelids le arthropods.
2. The rudiment tsa notochord - plot mesoderm, e nakong e tlang develops ka samjun ka. A tšobotsi e khethehileng ea vertebrates.
3. Ka vertebrates, somites ba thehoa ho tswa ho e mong le e sclerotome, dermatitis le myotome.
4. Splanchnotome - lehlakoreng poleiti eo arologanyediwa ka paka ya ka le dikarolo tse peli tse arohaneng: e ka hare le e ka ntle. Therebetween ka vertebrates Ho thehoa ka kakaretso.
5. Nephrotomy - di behuwe ka bobedi sebopeho tlohang splanhnostomy.

Ka mor'a ho hlahloba karolo ka 'ngoe ea kokoana-hloko lera, e leng bo-rasaense ba ile ba khona ho bona hore seo ke mesoderm, le ho utloisisa hore na lintho li tsamaee e etsa.

histogenesis

The mesoderm fana phahama ho mefuta e 'maloa ea lisele.

1. Parenchyma flatworms, se tletseng ho sebaka pakeng tsa 'mele. Ho thehoa ho tswa mesoderm ena.
2. Ba bang ba lisele epithelial koahetse 'mele ka ntle. Tsena li akarelletsa lisele tsa secretory, endocrine le exocrine tšoelesa.
3. Mesoderm thehoa ho tloha hlephileng fibrous le letšo-letšo fibrous connective dinama tse nyenyane tse. Ho akarelletsa le sebōpeho sa collagen le likhoele rekere.
4. lisele tsa mali ha thehoa ho tswa ho mesoderm.
5. Bone le lefufuru dinama tse nyenyane tse, likarolo tsa bona constituent simolohileng mesodermal.
6. Ke papiso le thepa ea motheo ha thehoa mali, mesoderm e boetse ke ka setotsoana sebopeho sa lisele tsa boitshireletso ba mmele.
7. Mefuta eohle ea dinama tse nyenyane tse mesifa. mesifa le boreleli ba beha marako a makala haholo. likhoele Striated ke likarolo mehaho ea mesifa ya marapo. Se ke la lebala ka striated cardiac mesifa dinama tse nyenyane tse, e leng e bopa le mesifa pelo.

organogenesis

Lisele theha makala, ka hona, ha ho thata ho nahana eo ba ke se hlahang ho yona mesodermal. tlhophiso e fanoa ka libaka mesoderm:

• dermatomes - dermis foromo letlalo (mofufutso le litsoelesa sebaceous ke karolo ea letlalo);
• sclerotomes thehoa ho tloha karolong e etseng letho la appatara musculoskeletal (masapo);
• ea myotomes latellana, - ho kopanela ka mafolofolo ea tsamaiso ea musculoskeletal (mesifa);
• splanhnostomy fa phahama ho mesothelium le - e le 'ngoe lera epithelium hore mela ea bobeli mohohlo mmeleng;
• lisele tse nephrostomy theha excretory le ho ikatisa tsamaiso.

makala Provisory se hlahang ho yona mesodermal

Ke habohlokoa ho ho bolele makala tseo tse ka mekhahlelo e fapaneng ya ontogeny ba lahlehetsoe ke mora tshebetso ya mesebetsi ea eona. Ba ba bitsoa provisionally. Tsena li akarelletsa:

1. Amnion - e mong oa lera la embryo, e leng etsa mesebetsi 'maloa tsa bohlokoa. Ea pele ke ho theha tikoloho metsing ntshetsopeleng ya tlhaka ya. Lebaka le leng ke hore ho thehoe 'mele e lokela ho tšoaroa ka metsi. Bakeng sa vertebrates phelang naheng, metsi tabeng ena ke fokotsa Ntlha e, kahoo khetla ena ho ile ha thehoa tsela ea ho iphetola ha lintho. Amnion boetse le sireletsa litholoana ho tswa ho senya, tšehetsa mahareng ka ho lula le sa khaotseng letsoai mahloriso ea boemong ba kamehla, 'me hape thibela embryo liphellong tsa dintho tse chefo.
2. Allantois - e mong mmele wa embryo eo o etsa mesebetsi bobeli ba phepo e nepahetseng le respiration. Ke hlahang ho yona ke lehlomela la yolk karaoke tren, e bolelang hore e boetse e thehoa ka lisele tse sa endoderm le mesoderm. Ho batho ba allantois e tlase tsoetseng pele ho feta litho tse ling tsa vertebrate, empa ka e ke methapo ea mali, e leng ka nako oela lelana la mokhubu dinama tse nyenyane tse.
3. The yolk karaoke tren. 'mele ona nakoana e na le limatlafatsi tse ngata ho hlokahala hore tsoelo-pele ea lesea le. Ka sebopeho sa lisele mesoderm yolk karaoke tren le seabo, le endoderm. E le karolo ea thahasellisang ke sebopeho sa 'mele ka eona bakeng sa lisele tsa mali pele ea' mele.
4. Lelana la mokhubu (lelana la mokhubu) - kopanya embryo le placenta.
5. Chorion - embryo selateng ka tsela eo re inehele ho popelo le sebopeho placenta.
6. Placenta - setho feela lisele batho thehoa tsa lintho tse phelang tse peli: 'mè le lesea. lesea ka mali placenta From 'mè a fumana limatlafatsi le oksijene.

mesebetsi mesoderm

Re tšohlile eng mesoderm. ke mesebetsi ya kokoana-hloko lera eng?

Mesoderm ntshetsopeleng e lumelloa flatworms tlatsa likheo pakeng tsa 'mele oa parenchymal dinama tse nyenyane tse. Ka lintho tse tsoetseng pele ho feta parenchyma che, empa molao-motheo o tšoanang: mesodermal hlahang ho yona lisele etsa dikarolo moeli o pakeng tsa 'mele. Mezoblasta mosebetsi bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa ke ho bōptjoa ha litho tsa nakoana tsa embryo (allantois, le lelana la mokhubu, placenta, joalo-joalo ...) Hape mesoderm lisele tse theha tikoloho ka hare ya dinama tse nyenyane tse, mali le lisele tsa mmele.

bofello

Hona joale u ka botlalo ho hlalosa seo mesoderm. thuto ea eona e lumelloa liphoofolo hore fallela sethaleng e ntjha ya ntshetsopele, e le pakoang ke tšimoloho ea makala a mangata le lisele. Ho feta moo, ho thehoa ha lera amniotic ile a etsa hore hlasimolohe ya boleng ka ntshetsopele ya vertebrates. Ka lebaka leo, mesoderm ke bohlokoa ho iphetola ha lintho elements.