Kandalaksha State Reserve

Ho sireletsa libakeng tsa tlhaho ba ithuta sekolong hara taeo "Tlhaho". Kandalaksha Reserve - ho na le mokhelo. Ho otlolla fetang sebakeng se hectars fetang mashome a mahlano-likete tse robeli ka tšimo ea sebaka se Murmansk le ho nkoa e le pokello bakeng sa ho sireletsa ngata waterfowl. Boholo ba eona - ea Barents Sea. About linonyana ahileng sebakeng sena sirelelitsoe ke boemo, ba ile ba ngola, eseng feela ka libuka. limela Local le liphoofolo tšohloa ntlha e tummeng mongoli oa buka V. Bianchi.

Pale ea

Joaloka ba bangata ba mehloli e meng sebopeho le lirapeng tsa boikhathollo sechaba Russia, Kandalaksha ileng ba bōptjoa e le hore ho boloka mefuta e itseng ea liphoofolo le linonyana. Tabeng ena, eider tloaelehileng, e tumme ka ho fatše lona le naheng e 'ngoe e na le boleng haholo. Ka 1932, ha ho bolaea e seng molaong ea linonyana, ho senngoa ha lihlaha tsa lona le mahe a bokella sale fihla sekala melaetsa e matla, 'me pokello ea ho ile ha thehoa. Qalong ho ne ho nkoa e le motheo oa saense oo ornithologists ithutile linonyana tse phelang sebakeng sena. Butle-butle palo ea linonyana ea metsi e se e ntse e eketseha.

boleng

Hamorao, ho Kandalaksha State Nature Reserve o ile a isoa ho Office tsa komiti e loketseng. Sena e ile ea eketseha e laola sebaka seo o ile a sireletsa le ho atolosa meeli ea lona ho kajeno.

Ka nako eo, ho ke ke ho le thata ho feteletsa bohlokwa machaba tsa Kandalaksha Nature Reserve, teng ka e tšoanang metsi koung oa ho boloka ya habitats ea linonyana tsa metsing.

maemo a libaka

Ena ea tlhaho a sireletsa sebaka e teng e lebōpong la Leoatle le Barents le koung e nyenyane ea White. Letsatsi Kandalaksha sa etsahala ho fihlela ho matsatsi a robeli ka tatellano, haufi Supileng Islands - ka mashome a mane. Leha ho le joalo, esita le nakong polar liphoofolo tse bosiu bakeng sa mariha a fana ka ba letsatsi le letsatsi bophelo bo tloaelehileng.

Kandalaksha Reserve e teng ka libaka le a klimate a, e susumetsoa ke phallo ea Murmansk. The peculiarity ya maemo a tlhaho tsa sebakeng seo metsi ke mocheso marotholi kgolo, tsidifatso joalo bohale le ho futhumala ha a hlokomela ka linako tsohle.

tlisang liphallelo

Sebopeho Geological tsa sebakeng seo e leng e hapa Kandalaksha State Nature Reserve, thahasellisang hantle a sireletsa mafika hore ke lilemo tse fetang limilione tse likete tse tharo. sebaka sa ho ile ha thehoa le tlas'a tšusumetso ea glaciations pheta. Hoa makatsa hore ebe e ntle leoatle, leqhubu loebehlanang le shafts thehoa ho tswa ho moqolo majoe leoatle le majoe. Kakaretso Kandalaksha Nature Reserve owns mashome a mararo a metso e mehlano Geological beha dintho ho ba le maemo a liemahale tsa tlhaho.

Ho akarelletsa hoo e ka bang makholo a mane le mashome a mahlano le lihlekehlekeng hore na tsa dibopeho tse fapaneng le dibopeho, mefuta e mengata ea limela - ho tloha mafika a hlobotse 'me ho libakeng thickly meru. Melapo le matša a ka batla a pokello. Kaofela ha bona ke tse nyenyane haholo. The kholo ka ho fetisisa - le haholo Kumyazhe Serkinskoe - ka botebo ba limithara tse ho fihlela ho tse leshome.

Flora

Kandalaksha Reserve ho koahela sekoahelo lona vegetative na le mefuta e fetang makholo a tšeletseng le mashome a mararo. E lebōpong la White Leoatle le lihlekehlekeng e laoloa ke phaene le phaene. Ho na le limela tse ngata, tse tloaelehileng tsa mathokong e - sedges, joang le Asteraceae.

Mokhoabo oo Nature Reserve ba arotsoe ka sedge, joang k'hothone le shrub - ho tla ya ka limela, ba ile ba ba hlaheletseng. Leha ho le joalo, le matamo ha ruileng joang kgolo. Esita le ho hōla haufi le mabōpo a 'a lehlaka mohla bopa moferong o teteaneng.

Libakeng tseo ipokellela leoatle le herring gulls, limela e fapa-fapaneng haholo, e le mobu libakeng tsena e hantle kopana. Mona o ka bona o moholo-chamomile, chickweed, eyebright le sorrel, buttercup, joalo-joalo

liphoofolo tse

Kandalaksha Reserve o na le mefuta e ka bang lekholo le mashome a tšeletseng tsa liphoofolo tsa moo. Ho bana, mefuta e mashome a mabeli-le leng la liphoofolo tse anyesang, lekholo mashome a mararo a mane - linonyana, mefuta e 'meli ea lihahabi,' me tse tharo - sehahabi.

liphoofolo tse jang nama tse kang Kangna, girl manga le phiri, ke e tloaelehileng haholo sehlekehlekeng sa e Moholo. Leha ho le joalo, ho na le ke ke ka ho sa feleng ba le baahi, e le sebaka sena e le nyenyane haholo bakeng sa bona.

Ka boahelani Great saeteng ho na le tse peli tse kapa tse tharo bere. pokello ke kamehla u phele phokojoe le marten, mongoose le ermine le mink. palo ea tsona e ke ke bitsoa multiple: e itšetlehile ka ho ba teng ha litoeba tse nyenyane.

Hare - ka ho fetisisa ho pharaletseng a sebelisa boea a liphoofolo, o lula a nahana ka Lihlekehleke tsohle tsa pokello ea. Ka batang mariha selemong mona le ka linako tse ling ho na le libere Polar. Ka matša, moo morui, limela, fumana swims muskrat ho tloha sehlekehlekeng tse ling le khetha sebaka se loketseng ka ho fetisisa ea ho phela.

From liphoofolo tse anyesang tse nyenyane tse voles tloaelehile 'me lemmings hore hlaha ka naha ea etelang makala o ile a sireletsa feela nakong boima falla bona.

linonyana

Selemo ho pota, ba phela capercaillie, o motsho grouse, grouse le khoale, hammoho le mefuta e meng ea titmice, woodpecker le cuckoos. Nakong ea selemo, ha ho na le linonyana tse fallang, merung tla phela ka pokello tlhaho. Haholo-holo mehlape e mengata ea linonyana hammoho le lebōpo la leoatle, ka sparse phaene le phaene meru. Mona o ka fumana redwing, grouse, partridges, libatana tse kang kestrel e, Merlin le Hawk sephooko. The mokhoabo oo hōle metso likoekoe le patsi sandpiper, common snipe le ulit haholo.

dimela ho khethehileng o ile a sireletsa

Leha mefuta eohle tsa likokoana-hloko hore ahileng Kandalaksha pokello e tla bolokoa, le hoja tšoauoa mefuta mona tse ngata ka seoelo ho tse thathamisitsoeng ka Red Book la bobeli Russia le sebakeng Murmansk. Ba na le ho khethehileng a sireletsa boemo ba molao.

Ho tloha Red Book ea sebaka se Murmansk e boletsoe ka mashome a mane e 'meli e etsang liphesente tse sa palo ea mefuta e kotsing ea ho fela, e mehlano ea eona e - e' s li-mushroom, mashome a mararo a metso e mene - e boriba, liverworts le mashome a mabeli, e tšoanang leafy boriba. Har'a vertebrates ke le lilemo li tseletseng ho khethehileng o ile a sireletsa mefuta tlhapi, baemeli ba babeli ba lihahabi le sehahabi, 'me linonyana tse mashome a mane a metso e' meli 'me ba bang ba liphoofolo tse anyesang.

Dimela fumana naheng ea Kandalaksha Bay, 'me kae kapa kae moo e mong lefatšeng a hōlileng ka haholo-holo libakeng tse sireletsoa. Har'a bona Grit sehlekehleke sohle, 'me arctic sonobolomo beloyazychkovy dandelion.

Ho khethehileng Sireletsoa Liphoofolo

The pokello le mefuta e mashome a mabeli a supileng. Bakeng sa litiiso Atlantic moputsoa, hammoho le bakeng sa cormorants kgolo le crested Atlantic Kandalaksha Reserve - ba sehlekehleke sena ka sehloohong le ho ikatisa ka kaofela Russia. Ntle ho moo, mona sehlaha tloaelehile hore batho ba eider (eo, ha e le hantle, qalong e ne e bōptjoa sebakeng sena o ile a sireletsa), ea khauta ntsu, phakoe e jang litlhapi, peregrine phakoe, e tšoeu-gelada ntsu, Merlin le Scandinavian Ring Ouzel. Ho khethehileng Sireletsoa liphoofolo tse anyesang metsing li nkoa e le mefuta e 'maloa ea maruarua le li-dolphin, hammoho e le tiiso tloaelehileng, bere Polar le walrus.

ho etsa lipatlisiso

Kandalaksha Reserve, bafuputsi ba atlehe mosebetsi oa eona ho tloha thehoa feela ea eona, qalong ba hantle ka boeona e le sebaka seo ho sona ka eng kapa eng eo ho ne ho hlokahala ho boloka ea baahi ba matata eider. Nakong e khutšoanyane ea pele ho ntoa nako re tšoaroa ea pele ho etsa lipatlisiso leha e le neng e pharaletseng ka seabirds, eo hamorao e ile ea e khale.

Ka mor'a ntoa ea mefuta e fapaneng ya mosebetsi e se e butle-butle atolosoa. Ho phaella tabeng ea ho tsoela pele ho ithuta ekolotsi ba bang seabirds mona qala tshebetso hlophisitsoeng bakeng sa ho hlalosa pokello, limela le intertidal metsing baahi.

Ho tloha ka ya ka dipholo tsa hlokometse'ng tsohle maemo a ba a kopaneng ka e tlalehelang tokomane selemo le selemo, o ile a re tsela e latelang :. "litlalehong tsa histori ea Nature ka Kandalaksha Reserve" O ke kakaretso hona joale ea boalosi tsa likokoana-hloko, 'me e akarelletsa ya data ka ntshetsopele ya bioprocesses ka linako tse itseng. tokomane ea hlalosang mantsoe ea limela le lipalesa le fruiting limeleng tse sa tšoaneng, qalo le qetello ea selemo kapa hoetla falla, phoofolo ikatisa thulaganyo le boitsebiso bo mabapi le palo ea tsona.