Indigirka - nōka ka leboea-bochabela Yakutia. Tlhaloso, lijo, melatswana

Indigirka - noka ka leboea ea karolo e Asia tsa Russia. Ho ke kholo ka ho fetisisa ka Republic of Sakha (eo e neng Yakutia), oa boraro e khōlō ka ho fetisisa Siberia. Bolelele la nōka - 1726 km le, ho phalla ho tloha ka boroa ho ea ka leboea, molomo - East Siberia Sea. Sena se bolela hore letangoana la ho sesa ke Indigirka Arctic Ocean. Sebaka metsi a nōka beisine -. Ka 360 likete Km. Tikolohong ea ho pholletsa le lebōpo la otla bokhabane lona: lithabeng tseo ka lehlakoreng le leng li tšoantšetsa sebete, thota e nngwe - le softness le mosa.

Lebitso le mohloli

Indigirka - nōka hore nka lebitso la lona ho tloha Siberia Tunguska bochaba maleka. Ka puo ea bona, hydronym fetolela e le "letamo ntja e."

simolohile Indigirka nka sebaka moo ba babeli lithaba melapo ea litekanyo tse nyenyane converge. melapo Source teng ka letsoapong le ka leboea la orilla Halkan. Located qala nōkeng ka ba bolelele ba limithara 792 ka holimo ho bophahamo ba leoatle.

Litšobotsi tsa nōka

Ho latela litšobotsi tsa le kanaleng e, phula le lebelo la phallo Indigirka - nōka, e leng e ka arotsoe ka likarolo tse peli: se lithaba le thota. Bolelele la karolo e ka holimo ea thaba - 640 dikhilomitha, bataletseng tlase - 1086 km SE. Phallang ho tloha leboea letsoapong Halkan mengata e fapaneng, ho phalla e lebisitsoe le seo moeling tlaase Oimyakon upland fokotsa maporogo: Chemalginsky le Cherskii. Latelang, lekaneng ho orilla Moma, Indigirka kena likhohlo area. Nōkeng pebble setšeng sena, ke likarolo tse batlang e sa tebang la nōka le e hlaheletseng ho tsoa fatše ka majoe e bohale, e bitsoang shivera.

Tekanyo ea motsamao oa metsi libakeng tsena e ka 2-3 limithara / s. Ha Indigirka Chemalginsky intersects ka orilla, e eketseha lebelo ho 4 limithara / s. Sebakeng sena, nōka ea e bopa liphororo phallang ka likhohlong tebileng. morero ona ke ho le thata haholo ebile ho kotsi, kahoo se ke ua loketse esita le ho motsoako ho.

Karolong e bataletse tsa Indigirka (noka) phallang ka Yano-Indigirka le Abyisky mabalane. Valley eketsa, ho bōpa palo e khōlō ea braids, Shoals le sleeveless. E le bophara, ka karolelano ho nōka libakeng tsena -. 500 limithara Indigirka ke tortuous haholo.

Haufi le makgobokgobo eketsa le bophara ba phula ho fihlela ho 600-800 limithara, 'me nōka e arotsoe: Russia molomong oa Kolyma sleeve Karolelano ea sleeve - kholo ka ho fetisisa ho bona. Sleeve 130 km le ho tloha leoatleng, le eena, a theha makgobokgobo lohle, sebakeng sa eona sa ho feta 5 500 sq. km SE. Beisine fetela le hammoho moeli oa permafrost, kahoo oledenevshie lebōpong le le leqhoa e khōlō - boemong bath ya metsi phalla Indigirka.

Empa pakeng tsa molomo le leoatle theha bareng tebang (sandbar la nōka le magweregwere leoatle sedimentary).

Phepo e nepahetseng, a tsoelang le congelation

Nōka ea Indigirka tsoakiloeng mofuta. Boholo ba ho fihlela pula le snowmelt metsi. Ho feta moo, tlas'a ea ho qetela e lokela ho sokoloha ho lehloa mokelikeli, leqhoa, 'me icings. Pond ke tlholeho ka mofuta East Siberia tsa puso. Nakong ea likhoeli tse futhumetseng, ho na le moroallo kamehla. E nka matsatsi a 70 ho ea ho 100. Empa nōka e koahetsoeng ka leqhoa ka October, 'me nako ena e nka ho fihlela ka May le June. Pshatlang leqhoa ka dikgao tsa nka ka beke. Selemo le selemo elela ga metsi metsi a - ka 58 km le, ka ho fetisisa ke ea lehlabula (50%), nakong ea selemo - 32% ho oa - 15%, 'me mariha ho feta 1%.

Noka puso Indigirka joalo haholo hore phallo e nkoa e le coolest lefatšeng, ena ke tšobotsi e lona e ikhethang. Mariha frosty le a hlabang. Ha thempereichara e mahareng moea (tloswa likhato 40-50 Celsius), nōka ea libakeng tse ling e hoamisoa ho tlase. Motseng. Ojmjakon eo e haufi le confluence. Nera ka Indigirka, ngolisitsoeng ka thempereichara e tlaase ka ho fetisisa e ka Leboea ea Lefatše. Mobu ka tlase se hlahang ho yona alluvial.

Geographic libakeng tse le boemo ba leholimo

Ba bang ba River Russia (Indigirka ho akarelletsa) etsahala hoo e ka bang ka tšimo eo eohle ea Republic of Yakutia. Hona ho bolela hore 'mele oa metsi ka morero oa semela tsoela ka libakeng tse fapaneng libaka. Taiga le meru taiga ka fihlang ho e ka holimo ea lifapano nōka (limela emeloang ke meru sparse deciduous, moferong oa kedare le mefero alder), le moru-tundra le tundra ka finyellang e ka tlaase (emeloang ke lihlahla 'me boriba). Arctic lehoatata e bath ea phallo ea makgobokgobo ea. Hoo e ka bang hohle tlala lebōpong.

Climate - sharply-kontinenteng. Karolelano ea January thempereichara e - ho tloswa 40 ° C, ka karolelano ka July - garena 14 ° C. Mongobo - 70%.

Inflows

Melatswana Indigirka teng bobeli ka maemo a hodimo le ka finyellang e ka tlaase. Ka moeli e ka holimo ho phallo haufi le letšehali - Elga noka, Kyuente, Kuydusun nepahetseng - kholo ka ho fetisisa inflow Indigirka - leq. Nehra (196 ke km). Moeli o ne o ka tlaase ea ka lehlakoreng le letsehali - Uyandina River melatswana, Allaikha River, selenium, Berelekh; Le letona - River Badyarikha River le Moma.

Ho phaella ho melatswana tse khōlō, ho tloha Indigirka ho na le e nyenyane - rivulet Sarylakh, Talbykchan, Arga-Yuryakh, Achchygy-Chagachannah, Ataba-Yuryakh le ba bang. Melatswana, hammoho le ho Indigirka haholo, le hlohlellelitse ke pula le lehloa qhibiliha.

ntshetsopeleng ya naha

pokello ntshetsopeleng a qala feela mathoasong a lilemo tsa XVII, ha a tla ho Siberia Tobolsk Cossacks. The ho fedisa pele ka mabōpong a nōka Indigirka e thehiloe ka 1639 ke Cossack Postnik Ivanov - Zashiverskaya teronkong. ho fedisa eo e ile ea ba le baahi ho fihlela qetellong ea lekholo la lilemo la XIX. Leha ho le joalo, ka mor'a hore sekholopane seoa toropong timele. Hona joale o ha e sa ba le baahi, empa ho na le motse-sefika.

Misa ntshetsopeleng ya batho ba qala ka halofo e qalang ea lekholo la lilemo la XVIII. Ka Delta , ho na le ke ho fedisa kholo ka ho fetisisa ka lebōpong le ka mose - Russia Estuary. Qetellong ea lekholo la lilemo la XIX mabōpong a molapo ho ne ho ena 29 metsana.

Hona joale e lebōpong la leoatle Indigirka mela ke 5 metsaneng nyane Ust-Nera (6000 pers.), Chokurdakh (2100 pers.), White Mountain (2000 pers.), Oymyakon (500 pers.), Hon (2 500 batho ba. ). Chokurdakh motse - ke ka leboea koung Russia.

Ho phaella tabeng ea ho baahi ba sebakeng seo, batho ba libakeng tsena ho hohela mobung oa khauta. Mabōpong a nōka e khauta meepo. Ka Moma noka beisine ho na le mobung oa mashala.

liphoofolo

Indigirka ruileng baemedi tlhapi liphoofolo. Ka metsing a nōka ba fumane matlo a bona ka mefuta e 30 ea litlhapi. ho tšoasa litlhapi e ratoang haholo ka molomo. The mefuta e atileng ka ho fetisisa tsa khoebo ea liphoofolo tsa metsing Indigirka: whitefish, tsa Cisco le tsa whitefish. Ho phaella ho baemeli ba ena ba bitsoa 'me ba bang: tsa whitefish, tsa whitefish, burbot.

Ho phaella moo, metsi a fumanoa Indigirka le mefuta e kotsing ea ho fela ea litlhapi, tse ling tsa tsona li thathamisitsoe e le kotsing ea ho fela. Ena, ka mohlala, ea Siberia Sturgeon - moemeli ea e kotsing ea ho fela. Palo ea baahi ba litlhapi tse tšoeu tsa salmon, tsa whitefish Siberia fokotseha le litekanyetso tse mahlonoko. Tsoa hlahiswa ka thibelo muskun tšoasa litlhapi mefuta.
Nako le nako ho spawn ka makgobokgobo ea Indigirka ea litlhapi tsa salmon: pinki le Chum litlhapi tsa salmon.

Nakong ea lehlabula ho tloha motseng Honu likepe le molapo. Ka nako ena, nōka ea e ka sehloohong ea metsi-tsela ho tsamaisa ka leboea-bochabela ho Russia.

tsamaea

Tsamaea hammoho le nōka Indighirka - ketsahalo ea ha ho se bonolo, e leng sebaka kotsi. Empa ka holim'a tsohle sutumetsa ka maemo a thata a mocheso. liithuti tsena hangata e tla Institute libaka ka ikwetlisetse lipatlisiso, kaha boholo e lebōpong le ka Indigirka ha e so ithutileng tsona.

Empa adventurers sieo hohle, 'me e ka fihlang ka tlaase a molapo e phethahatsoa seketsoana rafting, kayaking. Leha ho le joalo ho na le libaka tse e babatsehang a loketse bakeng sa ho tšoasa litlhapi le ho tsoma.

The maeto ea tlhaho ea sebakeng seo ka thoeng Chersky telele. Kahoo e mong ea bitsoang ka mor'a hore mofuputsi tsa ID sebakeng Cherskogo. Ntlha phahameng ka ho fetisisa ea ho - tsa Tlhōlo (3003 m.). O ke ho qetela kgolo libaka tšobotsi, e lekanya Russia. Bula feela ka 1926 e leng mofuputsi sr Obruchev.

Ho oa le ho ea letsoapong la nōka

Fall River Indigirka (le tse ling tse leha e le efe) e balwa ho tswa sebaka se pakeng tsa mohloli le molomong oa pokello ea. Ha e le hantle, lentsoe lena le bolela phapang ea litsupa tsena tse peli. Ho ea ka ba bang ba ya data semmuso lerotholi ke about 1 sekete. Limithara tse. palo eo e ka karolelano har'a phallang tse ling Russia.

Mekgokolosa Indigirka noka ke ho pota 58 limithara / km SE. palo ena e fumanoa ka ho ba le kamano e haufi le boholo ba ho oa ha pokello ea. Ha e le hantle, palo eo e se e le moholo, leha ho le joalo, a ntse a ho ba ka nōkeng, o lokela ho ba hlokolosi ka ho fetisisa.