From seo metsoako e bonolo manyolo di na le dipegelo liprotheine? Sebopeho le thepa ea mesebetsi

Liprotheine phetha karolo ea bohlokoa ka 'mele oa motho. From tseo di entseng, seo sebopeho bona le thepa, bala sehlooho se reng.

Akaretsang boitsebiso bo mabapi le liprotheine le tlhophiso bona

Meaning of liprotheine tsejoa lekholong la ea leshome le metso e robong. Bo-rasaense ba fane ka lebitso ho dintho tsena, "liprotheine", e bolelang "ea pele, ka sehloohong." liphetoho The lik'hemik'hale tse etsahalang ka protheine e, ke karolo ea bohlokoa. Ba theha motheo oa ho theha lisele tse ncha.

Ka lebaka la ho sebopeho rarahaneng ea limolek'hule protheine le palo e khōlō ea mesebetsi e phethwang rasaense e thata haholo ho bopa tlhophiso le 'ngoe. Ka lebaka leo, tsebo mabapi le liprotheine classified latela dihlahlobo tse 'maloa:

1. Ho ea ka ho hlophisoa ha dintho lik'hemik'hale liprotheine ka ho ba bonolo kapa e rarahaneng. Seo e se e na le liprotheine tse bonolo le tse rarahaneng? Sebōpeho sa pele se akarelletsa-amino acid feela. The liprotheine rarahaneng a phaella ka ho re ho bona metsoako bao e seng protheine.
2. Ke liprotheine tshebetso, metsoako manyolo, li fapana ka litlelase tse 'maloa:

• Catalytic liprotheine - enzyme e phetha mosebetsi oa matsapa tsa lik'hemik'hale. Ntle le ho nka karolo bona khonehe thulaganyou e bitswang tswakana le ho bola.

• liprotheine lipalangoang tlama li-hormone, acid tse mafura le metsoako e meng e mengata se hlahang ho yona manyolo le inorganic. Ka mor'a hore kena maling 'me a isoa sebakeng seo ea' mele moo ba ileng ba hlokahala. liprotheine tsena ka mafolofolo tsamaisa lintho ka ho sebelisa likokoana-hloko lera, tsoekere, lipids,-amino acid le ions.
• Liprotheine phetha mosebetsi tšehetsa. Ka ho ba le seabo bona thehoa masapo lisele. The atileng ka ho fetisisa ke ena: collagen, o etsa mosebetsi oa tlohang dinama tse nyenyane tse, manala le moriri keratin, elastin le tse ling lisele tse vascular. Hammoho le lipids eo ba neng ba emela ba motheo mehaho ea lera.
• Mosebetsi sireletsang liprotheine. Lisireletsi (immunoglobulins) tlame qabeletsoe 'meleng microorganisms pathogenic, ebe kokobetsa ho tšusumetso e bona ka' mele oa motho. Ntle le ho kenya letsoho thrombin le fibrinogen ke ke ha khoneha tshebetso ya ho hoama ea mali.
• Taolo mosebetsi - protheine lula mosebetsi tloaelehileng ea phelang ea, litho tsa, lisele tse le e hlophisitsweng, tsohle li etsahala 'meleng.
• Liprotheine nehe mesifa lisele tse matla a ho ikhule, e le susumelletsang ho e sephethephethe. Sebedisa receptor liprotheine ea lisele phelang utloisisa boitsebiso bo tsoang tikoloho, fetisa jitters.

ke eng liprotheine?

Sena macromolecular manyolo komponeng sebopeho. Seo e se e na le liprotheine tse? Kahong bona akarelletsa mefuta e mashome a mabeli ba litlhaka kahare amino acid e tse amanang letotong ho theha ketane ea bolelele haholo. Pele ho etsa lipatlisiso le protheine e bitsoang ntho linonyana mahe hore coagulates ha halefile, 'me e bopa e boima insoluble ya tšoeu.

Hamorao ho ile a fumana lebitso la dintho tse ngata tsa semela kapa hlahang ho yona phoofolo, ho ba le thepa ka tsela e tšoanang. Palo ea liprotheine tse phelang tsohle tse phelang okametse metsoako tse ling. boima ba 'mele ea bona e omeletseng e fetang halofo ea boima palo yohle protheine.

Mohlomong, ka tlhaho ho na le ho fihlela ho tse mashome a limilione tse likete metsoako tsena, e behelanoeng motho. Mohlala: ho baktheria Escherichia coli na le mefuta e likete tse tharo tse sa tšoaneng tsa liprotheine. Bakeng sa liprotheine kenyeletsa enzyme hore seabo itšoare ka lik'hemik'hale tse etsahalang ka liseleng.

Sebopeho sa liprotheine

Liprotheine - Polymers aperiodic odara. From seo metsoako e bonolo manyolo di na le dipegelo liprotheine? monomers bona ba ka mefuta ea mashome a mabeli la-amino acid. Ho itšetlehile ka bokhoni ba ho tsa maiketsetso 'meleng amino acid tse hlokahalang le nonessential. Pele ba le matla a ho ho tsa maiketsetso, 'me ea bobeli - ha ho, ho feta moo, ho ba teng ha bona' meleng ka lebaka la ho noa la lijo.

From seo metsoako e bonolo manyolo di na le dipegelo liprotheine? Ke amino acid e hlophisoa le ho khetholla se phahameng-sehlopheng haelloang liprotheine. Sehlopha sa pele se tšoauoa ka e nang le amino acid tsohle, 'me ea bobeli - ka ho ba sieo ha ba bang ba bona.

Liprotheine tse nang-amino acid feela ba bitsoa bonolo. Haeba, ho phaella ho amino acid, ho na le metsoako e meng - rarahaneng. Ba ka tšepe, lik'habohaedreite, lipids, acid e nucleic.

liprotheine e bonolo

From seo metsoako e bonolo manyolo di na le dipegelo liprotheine? sebopeho bona, bona mona ka tlase. Liprotheine bitsoa liprotheine. The thepa bath ba arotsoe ka lihlopha tse latelang:

• Albumin - na le matla a ho qhala ka metsi, coagulate ha halefile, ha e precipitate ditharollo tsa letsoai tse sa tšoaneng.
• Globulin - u se ke ua qhala ka metsi, empa feela ka ditharollo tlaase mahloriso letsoai.

• Histones - liprotheine tse semelo ka sehloohong ka mokgwa wa nucleoprotein. Lefelo la leukocytes mali le na le libolo.
• Protamine - ba kenyeletsa na sebabole. The thepa ka matla mantlha hlaha. E le karolo ea protheine e - nucleoproteins. Ba ruileng peō ea botona litlhapi.
• Prolamins - hang-hang qhibilihang ka har'a joala. Ba na le lijo-thollo. Prolamins gliadin ke moemeli - ka sehloohong motsoako oa gluten.
• Scleroproteins na le matla a ho se qhala. Tse sekoahelong sa buka eo le ka ntle la litopo tsa liphoofolo, masapo le lisele connective. Emeloang ke collagen, keratin, protheine, elastin.

From seo metsoako e bonolo manyolo di na le dipegelo liprotheine? Ba akarelletsa ho mefuta e fapaneng ya-amino acid le protheine bona e na le mashome a mabeli.

ke mesebetsi liprotheine eng?

metsoako manyolo (liprotheine) phetha mesebetsi 'maloa:

• Fana tshilong ya dijo le dithulaganyo taolo.
• Phetha protheine pelehi ka mali, e leng e fana ka dintho hlokahala makala ohle.
• likhoele foromo mesifa.
• Ba motheong oa lesapo le dinama tse nyenyane tse connective.
• Laola tshilo ya dijo, matla metabolism.
• Laoloa liphatsa tsa lefutso liketso.
• Sireletsa 'mele, ho matlafatsa maloetseng le.

lik'habohaedreite

Sena lobed manyolo se hlahang ho yona tlhaho, lefisa 'mele le matla. Di ho pharaletseng jala lintho tsa tlhaho. lekana bona ka dimela e etsang liphesente tse ka boima ba 'mele kakaretso ea-butle mashome a supileng ho mashome a robeli liphoofolo - tse peli feela. Sebopeho sa k'habohaedreite e le karolo ea sehlopha carbonyl le karolo e nyenyane ea hydroxyl ena. metsoako tsena ke karolo ea lisele le lisele tse 'meleng. ke eng metsoako bitsoang lik'habohaedreite? The k'habohaedreite sebopeho se akarelletsa oksijene, hydrogen, carbon. Leha derivatives ea bobeli ba khetholloa ka dikahare bona likarolo tse ling, naetrojene, ka mohlala.

Lik'habohaedreite - tholoana ea tala. Ba se na tsona ha khoneha biosynthesis ka dimela, kaha ba na le boitsebiso bo qalang tsa tshebetso ena. Lik'habohaedreite, e le sehlopha sa tsa metsoako manyolo hore bontša ho fapafapana haholo. karolo ea bona e litsobotsi li ngata likarolo tse.

lik'habohaedreite mosebetsi

metsoako Organic na le mesebetsi e latelang:

• продукты окисления соединений (глюкоза, гликоген, крахмал) поступают в клетки, заряжая их энергией. Energy - lihlahisoa ho kena moea oa metsoako ea (tsoekere e maling, glycogen, starch) kena lisele ke lefisa matla a bona. Hoo e ka bang mashome a tšeletseng etsang liphesente tse matla chesa e koala ke lik'habohaedreite, e fana ka lisele tse mali a eona. Matla a fuoa bokong, ho ntlafatsa mesebetsi ya lona.
• mosebetsi polasetiki - dikgokelo ke karolo ea bohlokoa ea dibopeho tse ngata boemong ba lisele, ba nang le tsohle tsa lisele tsa 'mele: lera la likokoana-hloko, organelles ea lisele. Ka thuso ea mofuta o bona enzyme le nucleoproteins tse ling.
• Sireletsang mosebetsi - lokolloa mucus litsoelesa sebeletsa ho sireletsa mabota ka hare la makala a mangata a fapaneng ba litla rateheng: phetha molao, lik'hemik'hale, baktheria. Sena se finyelloa ka dikahare tse phahameng tsa lik'habohaedreite ka maro viscous.
• mosebetsi taolo - lik'habohaedreite laola motility, kaha ho sebelisoa ha faeba ka sebopeho lona mahoashe kea teneha le mucosa pampitšaneng ena tshilong ya dijo.
• mosebetsi e itseng - lik'habohaedreite tse fapaneng. Le ba bang ba bona ho hlahisa lisireletsi, sehlopha mali khethehileng e fana ka, ho entse khanna litakatso tsa methapo ea kutlo.