Foods unconventional - Thusa The Farmer

Ho bokella ea liphoofolo tse eketsehileng mabapi le libakeng feela, 'me hangata selemo ho pota ho lula bona ka matlung' me ba bang e hlophisitsweng, le leng ba atisa ho bakela senyeha ea bophelo bo botle a liphoofolo, le fokolisang tsa molao wa motheo wa, e mafu a tshilong ya dijo ka ho tebileng, 'me ka lebaka la fokotswa tlhahiso. Ka hona, le boleng ba phepo e nepahetseng le molemo lona lokela ho fuoa tlhokomelo e khethehileng. Lijo tse nang le limatlafatsi tsohle tse hlokahalang bakeng sa phoofolo le ntho biologically mafolofolo, ke eena ea ikarabellang, e seng feela bakeng sa khōlo e tšoanetseng le tlhahiso ea liphoofolo, empa le ba sekhahla bonyane phallo ea fepa ka ka yuniti ya tlhahiso. Ka bomalimabe, ke lintho tsa tlhaho ha ho fepa ka ho bolela ho khona ho ka botlalo kopana le litlhoko tsa phepo e nepahetseng a phoofolo a, tingoa monyetla oa ho lokoloha ho etsa khetho le lijo e ka boemo ba ho itšehla thajana e tebileng e tsoang tikoloho le ho e haholo-holo sebelisoa furu kotuloa ke batho. Leha ho le joalo, ho na le lisebelisoa le mekhoa eo e ka ntlafatsa lijo tsa limatlafatsi sieo. Ho ka lihoai tse sebelisang fumaneha ka ho fetisisa, eo ho thoeng ke bao e seng setso feedstuffs, eo ka nako e tšoanang ho etsa ho ka khoneha ho boloka ka fepa ka. Sena ke pokello, eo ka sebelisa breeders tsohle, e leng bohlokoa ka ho khetheha ka ho ya ka khaello furu.

fepa ka bao e seng tloaelehileng, tlhahiso le ho sebelisa theknoloji e tsoetseng pele haholo. A re hlahlobeng tse seng kae tsa tsona, ho sebelisa seo ka sona ka lokisetsa hoo e batlang maemo a leha e le efe ea polasing le hlahlobisiseng.

lihlopha tse latelang tsa feedstuffs ka ho tsejoa.

• additives mokelikeli (pomace, dijusi le infusions, concentrates, pastes, unicellular dimelametsing);
• ba o khathollang le lero lijo le tlatsana le (foreshe phaene tshebediso ya dinale, le makhasi, lekala lijo, moru, silage, furu ho tloha makhasi a oele, e emela ea limela tse hlaha le limela tse lengoa, haeterophoniki tala furu);
• omileng fepa ka (lehong furu, furu mafielo, vithamine fepa ka lijo);
• Concentrated a tlatsana le (dipeo tsa joang le dimela Woody, concentrates vithamine, biomass omeletseng le tšenyane mikrovodosley, furu tomoso, 'me joaloka).

Mohloli fetisisa ho fihlella ya furu e morung. The tse fapa-fapaneng tsa litšila moru, phihlelleho lona, ho sebelisa selemo ho pota re lumella ho li nka e mong oa mehloli fetisisa fihlellehang.

Fepa mehlodi ya moru:

Mokelikeli additives. dijusi tlhaho le infusions ea lehong tala tse atlehang ka ho vithamine le tlatsetsa phepo e nepahetseng. Molemo oa bona ke hore ba ka etsoa a le makhatheng a tshebediso ya, lebaka la ho hloka ya bophelo nyane raka, athe - ho fihlela ho matsatsi a 5-7. dijusi Natural ka linako tse ling 10-15 eketsehileng khobokellane additives bapisoa le infusions le hloka gore maemo. The atileng ka ho fetisisa Infusion nale junipere, kalse mohbat, phaene, li lokiselitsoeng ke tse qotsitsoeng le chesang tala (70-90ºS) kapa metsi a batang. Ka 100 cm3 linale Infusion phaene leng 26,4 mg, oa vithamine ea C, phaene - 35,2, junipere - 28,1 mg,. Fresh ba sithabetseng softwood maoto kenngoa ka moqomo le chesang metsi a tšela ka tekanyo ea karolong e 'ngoe ea linalete 3-4 likarolo metsi (by boima). Moqomo capped 'me sa tloha ho tswa 3h lihora tse 8 ka ho sebedisa metsi a batang - bakeng sa letsatsi. Ho fokotsa ho lahleheloa ke limatlafatsi le ntlafatsa palatability ea sefa phaene ka tomosong. From lik'hilograma 1 ya meroho foreshe lehong ka fumana lik'hilograma 3-4 le physiologically a sebetsang a Infusion phepo. sefa ea metsi ya phaene rua mosebetsi antibacterial, e leng molemo bakeng sa ho prophylaxis khahlanong staphylococci, Pseudomonas aeruginosa le feberu ea mala enteric libaktheria sehlopha.

Ba o khathollang le lero le fepa ka a tlatsana. Lekala lijo. Hloekileng kapa omisitsoeng leafy (lehong furu) boima lifate le lihlahla e ka nka sebaka ho fihlela ho 20-30% ea roughage lijo tse khethehileng ka ruminants le ke mohloli oa lintho tse biologically mafolofolo.

Chopping foreshe lekala lijo pele ho fepa ntlafatsa palatability le digestibility, eo ho fokotsa tahlehelo.

Chestnut, a eike, Hazel, dogwood, junipere, phaene le malandro makhapetla tlase tse lakatsehang e loketseng ho dikahare tse phahameng tsa dintho extractive hore fokotsa bokgoni ba ho sebelisa ha bona.

The fepa boleng ba fepa ka bala ho itšetlehile ka mefuta e le lehong, nako ea ho kotula, 'me e bophara ba makala' me makhasi a fapana ka karolelano ho tloha 3762 ho 5852 KJ metabolizable eneji, le ka lik'hilograma 1 ya taba e omme. The digestibility ea nako limela ke 35,2-49,4%. Ntlafatsa boleng ba bala furu lehong le thata se tšoauoa ka billet ea eona e leng halofo ea pele ea nako ea selemo ho hōla, 'me phaene - nakong ea mariha. Phepo e nepahetseng lekala lijo ka eketsa hydrothermal le lik'hemik'hale mekhoa ea phekolo e Proofing kapa saccharification.

makala a phaene, ho fapana le lifate lehong le thata, ho ke ke molemo ho qala ho kotulo le fepa liphoofolo ka ho oa ho elella bofelong ba - mariha, ha dikahare tsa extractives bonyane ke kenyelletsa bona ka lijo le butle-butle. Selelekela ho linale tsa lijo ke khetho molemo ka ho fetisisa ea ho thibela mafu a khaello, mefuta e fapaneng ya le mafu mala le ho hema ka semelo sa sekgeo kakaretso ea furu. Linalete ke theko e tlaase mohloli oa carotene ho feta furu, lihoete, oli tlhapi kapa joang bo lijo.

Silage le makhasi senazhirovanie, phaene tshebediso ya dinale, makala tse nyenyane ke o mong oa mekhoa ea paballo le ka tshebetso ya ho ensiling furu fumanang thepa e ncha organoleptic hore eketsa palatability lona. litholoana tse molemo e bontša ho fepa sesiu tloha limela Woody bile ba kopanya silage tloha litlhaka kahare moru le limela herbaceous (joang, litšila meroho le lijalo tšimo) sebedisa iphepe hydrolytic tsoekere le urea ho buseletsa bakeng sa ho haella ha tsoekere legkosbrazhivaemyh. Ka mefuta e meng ea lehong moru sesiu (ho tloha ka meroho litšila patsi) hobane ha ho na matšoao a ensiling (lactic, acid acetic), empa batho ba bangata ba bona e bolokiloeng hantle 'me e le haufi le' mala pele le monate monko (ponne makhasi, hoetla smolder).

Feed ho tloha makhasi a oeleng la dimela fapaneng sefate boetse o na le itseng boleng fepa. Yellow makhasi a lehlakoreng le leng ho e tala e na le ka tlaase ho moo protheine, hoo e ka bang ha ba le carotene, vithamine C, tsoekere, empa ba na le tjhelete e phahameng ea mafura, le litlheferetsi, molora. Boleng fepa makhasi oele, ka 25-35% tlaase. Sithabetseng zaparivayut, sebediswa silage le Proofing jj

Dry phoofolo ea lapeng lijo. Wood furu - omisitsoeng furu hore ka lebaka la lintho tse bonahalang bala. Tufts ba omileng, e nyenyane, makala hantle leafy bitsoa makala, e omeletseng, makhasi a - "Woody" furu. makhasi omeletseng le Woody litlama omileng na le theko e phahameng phepo e nepahetseng, e na le e ngata oa liminerale.

Vithamine tala lehong phofo kenyelletsa ditokiseletso ho tloha 7,2 ho 16.6% go le protheine dikahare ke limatlafatsi tse ngata ke ea hlahisa ka phofo ea lesere. Ho sebelisitsoe ka tlhahiso ea diphepelo tsoakiloeng, 'me e le ho tseloe ka ja lijo tsa liphoofolo tsa polasing le linonyana. Softwood phofo - vithamine fepa ka fumaneha linale omisitsoeng phaene le phaene kapa phaene makala a nang le tšebeliso bokgoni phahameng. Ka ho khetheha, ho tloha lik'hilograma 1 ya taba e omeletseng makhasi birch, Aspen le alder le ka fumanoa 125-200 mg, carotene, ho tswa ho linale tsa phaene, phaene, junipere, kalse mohbat, kedare, le 60-100 mg,; Vithamine C ho tloha 1kg ea linalete phaene le phaene 3000-3200 4000 iappa, fetang dilamunu le Lemons. Ka maemo a phofo vithamine ea polasi ke sa tloha makhasi a ka ho ba fumanoeng ke shrinkage tsa bona tsa tlhaho le morago ga moo e sila.

Sawdust sebediswa foromo hloekileng kapa sebetswa. Lehong siloa e phaella ka ho re ho fepa ka khobokellane ka palo ea 25-50% ya e thibelang palatability bona ha re fana ho hongata hoo. Ka lijo ruminant tsamaisoa le lerole le kgolo (15-25% ea seratsoana sa) ho normalize koko mosebetsi fokotsa le matsoai a hlokoang parakeratosis. Ka ho khetheha, tsela ea tlhaho ea Aspen dita na phahameng sehlopheng litsobotsi life tse roughage. Sawdust fepa boleng ka 'na eketsa ke mekhoa e bonolo: gidrobarotermicheskoy sebetsa, e fetang dithulaganyo a alkali batang kapa chesang, metsi ammonia, joalo-joalo

Fepa ho tloha pampiri litšila. Shredded pampiri litšila pampiri e na le ho fihlela ho 90% ya selulose. Ho atleha ha tšebeliso ea pampiri litšila ka fepa ka ho itšetlehile ka mofuta oa pampiri. Thehilwe digestibility ea taba omileng: bakeng sa sootho pampiri wrapping 90,8% bentšitsoeng - 41,0-46,5, newsprint - 26,5-33,2%. Ha 10-20% newsprint e feletseng rasio taba omileng digestibility ea eketseha ho tloha 77,9 ho 80,1-81,8%.

Ho na le litsela tse 'maloa ho lokisetsa pampiri litšila tsa ho fepa, ka ho khetheha sila le ho kopanya le molasses ka karo-karolelano ea 25:75, lateloa ke omisa ka sa t 85º C ho fihlela makhapa jj Ka mor'a hore e kenyeletsa lijo sebopeho.

Ho tla ananela hore fepa ka joalo e bolela ka pampiri lesupi, sawdust, le joaloka, ho akarelletsa le lehlokoa le ka tlase-o ile a hlalosa thekenoloji ho lokisetsa, e nang le e khōlō palo ya selulose, ho tshwanetseng feela ho poligastrichnym (ruminant) liphoofolo.

lintho tse ling tse furu.

Mokelikeli additives. Unicellular dimelametsing. Dimelametsing ka hōlileng ka ho le matangoana le dimela maiketsetso ka libakeng tse le tse se a loketse bakeng sa temo; setso sa bona e ka tlase e itšetlehileng ka maemo a klimate a, 'me ho lema bakeng sa merero ea furu ka etsahala tlasa maemo a moruo le teng. Melemo ea feedstuffs ka ngotsoe ho hōla ka potlako biomass. Ka letsatsi ea 6 ea temo, ha palo ya divithamini ka mahareng, e leng palo e kahodimodimo, sele fanyeha liphoofolo tse solder, ntle le ho lahleheloa ke divithamini tse mahareng, 'me bioactive lintho tse ling - lithibela-mafu, potlakisang tsebetso ea lik'hemik'hale, sterols, dimela hormone, joalo-joalo

Ha ekeletsoa ton 1-thollo 5-7 lik'hilograma omileng boima Chlorella lijo-thollo bioavailability eketseha 1.5 lesaka. Har'a mefuta e dimelametsing le sebelisoa lefatšeng ka bophara bakeng sa lijo le fepa ka additives, ho tloaelehile hore batho 3 mefuta e - Spirulina, Chlorella le Dyunaliella.

Sa ho lema mefuta e sa genus Spirulina hlahisa 128 sa t / hektare ea protheine ka selemo. Dyunaliella - ntho e liindasteri boima setso. leoatle ena litšobotsi tsa lona phepo e nepahetseng phahametse ba bang ka phahameng mafura dikahare (ho fihlela ho 28%), le divithamini,-amino acid ea sete e feletseng ea dikahare 'me e boetse e le dikahare tlaase molora, e na le digestibility molemo. Chlorella - the dikahare tsa divithamini o phahametse tsohle meroho le furu lijalo, ho akarelletsa le tomoso. Chlorella hlahisa le B12, e leng ha a eo ka tomoso, kapa dimela e phahameng. Ha oli tlhapi e na le 6 divithamini, le Chlorella ba bonyane 13 lan-vithamine A ho oona ea linako 7-10 phahame ho feta tse hlaha a ema kapa apricots omisitsoeng. Chlorella - hlahisang motho ea mafolofolo lihaha-'mele, lik'habohaedreite, lipids, divithamini le habonolo fetohang karo-karolelano ea metsoako ena. Setso o tšoanang oa ho fetola le ntseng le hōla maemo biomass e ka fumanoa le dikahare le liprotheine tsa tloha 9 ho 88%, k'habohaedreite - ho tloha 6 ho 37%, mme mafura - ho tloha 4 ho ea ho 85%. Phepo e nepahetseng 1 kg tsa biomass ke 4-5 kg tsa protheine soya ke lekanang le a ho protheine ea lebese ommeng kapa nama. Chlorella phekola liphoofolo tse ho tloha avitaminoses le mafu a sa tšoaneng gastrointestinal.

Ha u sebelisa balemi khutla ke likhoeli tse 1-2. Tse fapa-fapaneng temo thekenoloji dumella ho sebedisa jwalo ka tlwaelo mahareng mokelikeli manyolo, litšila sebetsa lihlahisoa tsa temo le likhase flue e le mohloli oa carbon dioxide le libakeng tse ling tse tšoanang le eo. Ka koetsoeng km gana ditlhomo chlorella tlhahiso ya 100-40 g, ea ntho e omileng ka 1 limithara ² ka letsatsi, e leng se lumellanang le 360-500 limithara / hektare. The tlhahiso karolelano ka dimela bulehileng-mofuta tlas'a khanya tsa tlhaho ka mefuta e fapaneng ya 14-35 g, / m² ka letsatsi. Ka metsi tsa tlhaho chlorella katleho khanna ka tsosoloso likokoana-hloko tsa likhoerekhoere le matangoana silafalitsoe, e leng lumella u ho tsosolosa lintho tse phelang tikolohong ea matamo ana ho maemo tlhaho.

A semela tloaelehileng bakeng sa sa ho lema ya chlorella ka polasing kapa liphoofolo tse ruiloeng e rarahaneng ka kakaretso na le mofuta o mong oa kamore la sethopo le e na le culturing bakeng sa tlhahiso le laboratori ea ba lokisetsa ho ea ka tharollo phepo. E lokela ho jere hopola hore tšebeliso ea leoatle ka lijo hloka hore go lekalekanyo tshebediso ya bona mofuteng khobokellane ka 'na degrade boleng ba lihlahisoa liphoofolo.

Ba o khathollang le lero le fepa ka a tlatsana. Dimelametsing. Ka metsi a rona ho na le mefuta e 'meli ea duckweed - trilobal le tse nyenyane. perennial Ena ke le monyenyane haholo, branching dimela, ka botlalo koahetsoe ka metsing. Vegetatively sa jala, ka khutšoanyane haholo nako e ka ka ho feletseng koahela holim 'a eme metsi. Ja dintho tse matlafatsang qhalwa ho ya ka metsi, ho nka ba ka mose holim'a lona. Mariha, oela le ho qala tsa boemo ba leholimo batang qetellong ea matamo. Duckweed e na lihaha-'mele, divithamini, matsoai matsoai. E nako e telele nile ea sebelisoa ka ho fepa ba likhoho le likolobe. Ka nako e tšoanang a mangata duckweed tala hanyane tšela matlapi a korong (matlapi a korong) le phofo. Ha ho contraindications bakeng sa ho sebelisoa ho fepa ea liphoofolo tse ling e le ho tseloe ho fepa ka tsa motheo.

Ho na le limela tse hlaha tse loketseng bakeng sa ho fepa, ho akarelletsa le e lokeloe ke mefuta e joalo e matla e hlaha kang quinoa jala, malandro-setlama, bobatsi, le ba bang ba bangata.

Atriplex patula buka e ikhethang motsoako oa phahameng a batang ho hanyetsa le lebetsoeng le tlhahiso tala, o tšoaneloa ke ho ithuta ka tlatsetso fepa ka mohloli. Karolong e tala tsa semela na le ascorbic acid e (150 mg,%), carotene (10 mg,%), liprotheine (ho tloha ho 10 ho ea ho 30%), mafura (ho tloha 0,4 ho 2.2%), faeba (kotika 9.3 ho 39 , 2%), betaine (1.22%).

The fepa boleng ba bobatsi bo ke hore ka mabaka a tšoanang le ea ho hōla e lopolla tlhahiso ho isa linakong tse 1.5-2.0 phahame ho feta lijalo setso, kotulo matla khōlong e feletseng ea batho ba bangata e tala ka matsatsi a 20-25 ho tla pele, kahoo u ka sebelisa e tsamaisong tala conveyor. E le e phahameng-ka lihlahisoa le tse phahameng-sehlopheng fepa setso lona e hōlileng ka linaheng tse ngata. Le e mong le e inoculated mong le e mong lilemo tse 8-10 hekthara ka nngwe fumana ka 800-1000 c. / Ha, ka nosetso ho feta tala boima. Boleng nutritive tsa bobatsi bo ke ke ua tlaasana lijalo linaoa. Bobatsi bo e sebediswa ka mokgwa wa infusions, decoctions, hay, haylage 'me a phaella ho meliko eo e. E eketsa tlhahiso ea lebese le ho nona ka likhomo le linonyana eketsa tlhahiso ea lehe. Bobatsi lokela ho a phaella ka ho fepa ka bakeng sa likolobe, haholo-holo ho popelo mokhachane. Empa, ho hopola hore ho fepa khale bobatsi, mora 6-12 lihora tse ya polokelo ho ka etsa hore chefo e loketseng ho bokella nitrates.

Amaranth ka lilemo tse 8000 e bile e mong oa lijalo tse ka sehloohong Amerika Boroa le Mexico, hammoho le linaoa le poone. Amaranth -. Na ea selemo le selemo herbaceous dimela, eo bophahamo ba ka fihla 2.5-4 limithara panicle ka matla khōlong e feletseng ho ba le e-ba bolelele ea cm, 30 le bophara ba 15 cm, panicle mamelwang fihla 1 lik'hilograma .. Amaranth dipeo ke le monyenyane haholo, joaloka lehlabathe, ho fihlela ho 500 tse likete tse. A panicle le 'ngoe. Ea lijo-thollo Amaranth hlahisa dipeo, litšobotsi le thepa tšoanang le lijo-thollo, ha ho le jwalo, hobane ha ho matleng a lelapa la lijo-thollo, o bitsoa psevdozlakom. Ba fetang halofo liprotheine Amaranth di na le dipegelo albumin le globulin le e leka-lekaneng amino acid e sebopeho. Amaranth dipeo ba le ka karolelano 15-17% protheine, oli 5-8% le 3,7-5,7% ea faeba, eo e phahameng ho feta tsa lijo-thollo ho fetisisa (le protheine e dikahare ka poone e 10-12,6% mafura - 4,6-6,7, koro protheine - 9-14, mafura - 1,1-3,4%). Ka lebaka la ho dikahare bohlokoa tsa amino acid e lysine, e leng protheine ea Amaranth e habeli e phahameng ho feta ea koro, 'me ka makhetlo a mararo e khōloanyane ho feta ea poone le mabele, le esita le ho tšoana le chelete ea soya le lebese khomo, boleng protheine ea Amaranth e nkoa e le e phahameng haholo . Ha phethahetse Khakanyo protheine (tšoanang le lehe) ke 100 lintlha, lebese protheine casein tla ba le lintlha tse 72, soya - 68, koro - 58 Corn - 44, 'me Amaranth - 75 lintlha. Kahoo, ka lebaka la ho litšobotsi tse bona tsa likokoana-hloko tsa Amaranth e thahasellisang ho feta mohlodisani haufi - linaoa, le tlhahiso ea lihlahisoa tsa protheine e tsoang Amaranth nang tlase bitsa chelete e ngata ho feta soya. Ka sehloohong oa tlhōlisano sebelisa monyetla oa concentrates Amaranth protheine ba tlhaho ba bona 'me e leka-lekaneng amino acid e sebopeho.

Transom Amaranth ka boima tala kapa lijo-thollo sebelisoa ho hlahisa silage, ka hore a hlahise vithamine A le phofo granules. Tala boima ba hantle ja liphoofolo tse ruuoang lapeng kaofela. Selelekela seratsoana Amaranth ntlafatsa lenane le boleng ba lihlahisoa le ho fokotsa theko ea eona. Chai Amaranth ke 35-60 sa t / hektare ea lijo-thollo le ka palo e kahodimodimo ea ho fihlela ho 2000 lik'hilograma / hektare ea biomass. Amaranth e nkoa e le theko e phahameng ka ho fetisisa le tse phahameng-protheine fepa ka, bobedi ka ba o khathollang le silage, phofo ea litlama kapa granules. Silage ka fepa tsohle selemo ho pota. Tala boima ho tloha July ho fihlela frosts pele. Motsoako oa poone silage le Amaranth ka 1: 1 dikahare protheine, ho bapisoa le poone silage eketsa makhetlo a 1,32, haholo eketsa ka tjhelete e ya lintho tse ling ho hlokahala liphoofolo tse: lysine, khalsiamo le phosphorus.

Hape ke habohlokoa hore e le hore jala hloka lik'hilograma 0.5-1 feela ya dipeo ka ho ya ka 1 hektare. Bakeng sa ho jala koro e hloka e leng karolelano ea lik'hilograma tse 200, 'me poone - 50 1 lik'hilograma tsa lijo-thollo hekthara ka nngwe. li amohele haholo le undemanding ho setso sa mehato Agro-botekgeniki. A motsoako o motle bakeng sa conveyor tala, hammoho le peto.

Peto - cruciferous dimela (hop). Sena oilseed le protheine lijalo na lijo le leholo le le boleng iphepe. Ka litsela tse ngata, phahametse lijalo tse ling tse ngata peto. dipeo lona ba le 40-48% mafura le 25-30% protheine. Leha ho le joalo, khetla rapeseed manganga ho potlakisang tsebetso ea lik'hemik'hale tshilong ya dijo le mokhoa oa tlhaho ha u sebelisa unprocessed kakaretso ea lijo-thollo fepa likhomo ho% transits 30 ka pampitšana ea gastrointestinal.

Peto - the furu lijalo bokahohleng. E ka katleho lengoa hoo e ka bang ka libaka tsohle klimate ea naha.

Sebelisa melao e bonolo 'maloa u ka qoba ho khoneha tshilong ya dijo maloetse. Ba akarelletsa ha e le hantle hore e ke ke ha khoneha ho fana ka tala boima peto ho itima lijo, ka mor'a pula kapa phoka. E lokela ho ba butle-butle tloaetse ho ja likhomo peto zelenki khomarela ya ditefello bakeng sa ho lema ya fepa, ho itšetlehile ka mofuta oa phoofolo 'me lilemo tsa lona. Tala boima peto bakeng hoetla fepa ke ea bohlokoa, e fetela le ho tsohle tse tala conveyor haholo pele ho mariha. Tala boima rapeseed ka fana ka mefuta eohle ea liphoofolo, le lethal dose ea letsatsi le letsatsi ea lebese likhomo e thehiloeng tlhahiso ea bona ea ho eketsa ho 20-25 lik'hilograma. Peto tlisa thempereichara e fatše ho - likhato 7, 'me o tsoela pele ho atleha. Feela ka lebaka la ho oa ho fepa e tala boima peto nakong ea matsatsi a 60-70 hoetla ka eketsa ka lihlahisoa ya etsang dilitara 100-150 ka khomo. Haholo-holo e moholo bohlokwa rapeseed lilemong komello, ha e compensates bakeng sa ho lahleheloa ke ea lijo-thollo le ho fepa, 'me e bolaile lijalo ka ho jaloa ho pholletsa le July. Le ka mohlala oa sehlopha polasing "kopanetsweng polasi ka tsela ea lijo-thollo" Kirov sebakeng sa ho potlaka le rapeseed lema ka mor'a kotula eona oilseeds, ho fana ka le liphello barui.

Bakeng sa ho fepa liphoofolo le linonyana li ka sebelisoa joang, dipeo, lijo, mahobe a sa polokelo ea liphoofolo le botoro. Tala boima peto joang le lijalo tse ling tse cruciferous: colza, radish, Tiphon, katleho le sebelisitsoe ka ho fepa ba likhomo le likolobe. Grass cruciferous na le boemo bo phahameng ba nang le protheine e le linaoa, empa 10% tlase mafura a (15% vs. 25%). The tšobotsi motle ka ho fetisisa ke bokhoni crucifers bona hlahisa kotulo e feletseng ea batho ba bangata e tala nakong ea selemo, mathoasong a (pele rye) le pozdneosenny (ho fihlela serame -8S0) nako, e leng haholo fetela le nako ea conveyor tala. Bohlokoa ke tšobotsi e tlang. karo-karolelano ea k'halsiamo ho phosphorus ka lijo tse khethehileng bakeng sa liphoofolo lokela ho ba 1.2-2 ho 1. Leha ho le joalo, ka ho mefuta e fapaneng ya furu mantlha le lijo-thollo ke lihlahisoa-ba sebetsa tsa bona, ka fapana le hoo, phosphorus maemo makhetlo 3-8 phahame ho feta boemo ba k'halsiamo. Sena mabotho a tsamaisoa ka lijo tjhoko, khetla kapa tse ling tse k'halsiamo-e nang le lintho tse bonahalang. Leha ho le joalo, tjhoko, ho ka mpeng ea likolobe le likhoho, ho na le haholo neutralizes acidity, e leng sitisa ho tshilo ya dijo ea limatlafatsi 'me e khothalletsa khōlo ea microorganisms pathogenic ka pampitšana ea gastrointestinal. E tšoanang peto furu lihlahisoa karo-karolelano ea k'halsiamo ho phosphorus ea 0,9: 1, e ka fokotsa ho lijo tsamaisoa ka tjhoko kapa lejoe la mokoetla.

Har'a dimela bao e seng setso lijo, e fana ka lihlahisoa tsa phahameng ka tlas'a ka libaka fapaneng temo ho a klimate a sebetsa le tabeng ea artichoke. Jerusalema artichoke ke lehae Amerika Leboea. Russia, setso ena a kena lilemong tsa bo-XVII ka litsela tse peli: ho tloha Europe 'me China. Ena ke perennial tuberous dimela tsa genus sonobolomo lelapa Asteraceae. Jerusalema artichoke bontša tlhahiso phahameng ka pele leoto tse hlano ka mor'a lema ea tubers. Jerusalema artichoke hape e fana ka haholo le ngata tala boima ka hoetla ka mor'a nako, ha botaniki dimela sebopeho vegetatiruyuschih fokotswa haholo. Holimo chai karolelano ea tubers 40-50 sa t / hektare, Ntle Toropong ea - 30-t / hektare. The tubers ya hoetla kotulo hampe haholo a 'na a. Jerusalema artichokes ba atisa ho cheka ho fihlela ha ho hlokahala, e le fatše a 'na a molemo ka ho fetisisa, empa ha lehloa mariha mo phutholoha le frosts ka -40C. Tala boima kotuloa ho elella bofelong ba September kapa mathoasong a October furu kotulang kapa mower le thonaka-up. Ha sebelisoa artichoke lilemo tse 2-3 feela ka boima tala, bakeng sa ho hlahisa furu, silage kapa phofo, le bakoa ba khaola makhetlo a mabeli - ka lekhetlo la pele e le dimela bophahamo ba 80-100 cm, 6-10 cm, ka holimo ho para tlase ea makhasi, eo hōla ho tloha ho axils ea bakoa hape 'me ea bobeli - ho tloha qetellong ea September ho fihlela serame.

Ho ea ka amino acid e hlophisoa le boima tala le Tuber ba Jerusalema artichoke ke lijo biologically bohlokoa. Phepo tubers 0,23-0,29 korm.ed. The dikahare protheine e ka karolelano 3.2% ka le ntho e omeletseng e entsoeng ka 16 amino acid, eo 9 - ea bohlokoa. semela sena ke multivitamin le e ntle matsoai sebopeho. Ka ho rata ja artichoke hoo e ka bang Liphoofolo tsohle tse ka temo kapa polasing la balemi - likhomo, lipere, lipōli, linku, likolobe le ka tsela e tsoanang ka ho rata ba ja le litlhōrō le metso. sebaka ea eona e leng naheng le mapolasi - thusang furu lijalo le theko e tlase (Bobedi chelete e le "mosebetsi o boima"). O fana ka, pele tefong, tšebeliso e atlehang ea naha bakeng sa ho lema, le tšitiso matsoapong. Ea bobeli, le je nako e koahetsoe ke Jerusalema artichoke ke likhoeli tse peli nakong ea hoetla, selemo le likhoeli tse tharo - likhoeli tse hlano, eseng hakaalo, haholo-holo ho nahana ka seo e se dikgwedi!

Tlaase dikahare Jerusalema artichoke dintho tse chefo ke tšobotsi ea bohlokoa ka la setso fanoeng.

Cow parsnip Sosnowski - The nako e telele ka ho sa feleng le tse phahameng-ka lihlahisoa ea lijalo. Lihlahisoa tsa tala boima hogweed ke phahameng ho feta tsa poone, ho bopa aboveground biomass ho fihlela ho 2000 lik'hilograma / hektare. Ntlha e 'ngoe ea bohlokoa ke ho sebelisa perennial masimong hogweed le cheapness ea temo lona (ha ho na selemo le selemo tse ngata theko e boima agropriomov). A leruo la hogweed biomass protheine, divithamini, diminerale, tsoekere (e leng etsa bonnete ba silage e monate), e etsa setso motle ho mapolasi tse ngata.

Bo-rasaense ba na le tse ngata diinstitusene tsa botaniki ka 60 o ba nka karolo ka khōlō le selotlolo selemo lenaneo ho kenyelletsa khomo parsnip Sosnowski mekhoeng ea temo e le semela furu. Leha ho le joalo, ho ile ha ba nahana hore, ka mor'a hore kenyelletsoa ha lintlha tsa lona ka fepa ka rasio, nama e tsoang liphoofolong e fumanweng e monko o ikhethang le lebese bohloko, ho ba tšoanelehe bakeng sa tshebediso ya batho. Ho lumeloa hore khomo parsnip phello ho kgaolela basadi thari ea likhomo.

Hogweed hlaha dimela mabifi, hang hlahiswa ka masimong le ile ba iphumana ba ntle le tlhokomelo e nepahetseng, o ile a qala ho jala le ho nka sebaka kaofela fumaneha. khomo parsnip e hona joale e se e le tšokelo ea sebele le beha a le kotsi ho leka-lekana tlholeho ea tsamaiso ea,, eseng feela ka Russia empa hape linaheng tse ling tsa Europe.

mathata 'ohle a amanang le Hogweed haholo-holo e lebisa feela ho e' ngoe mefuta e, "aggressor" roadsides le masimo hlokomoloha - Sosnowski khomo parsnip (Heracleum sosnowskiy). Nakong ea ho hōla ka likarolong tse fapaneng ea limela hogweed ipokellela mosebetsi Photodynamic tsa furokumariny ena. ho ikopanya le bona le diphetho letlalo ka dermatitis tebileng, Burns feta mofuta. Ka tsela e feteletseng bokella coumarin ho batho e etsa hore le lefu lena bitsoa vitiligo.

Bakeng sa iphepe phoofolo e tsoang cowparsnip tlas'a fepa ka matla sekgeo e ka sebelisoa ka bobeli e le furu kapa phofo metsoako le ka mokgwa wa silage. E ka kgothaletswa ikatisetsa kemiso e le lijalo tse eketsehileng furu bakeng sa fattening thehiloeng ho khaotsa ho tsuba pele ho ja lijo le pele polao. Cow parsnip silage kuta pele lipalesa. Ho sebelisa boima botala ka joang bo lijo e tlosoa ka hlokahala furu bakotuli. Ha hloekisa hogweed lokela ho sebelisa precaution, apara liaparo sireletsang. E tieo hanetsoeng ho ka letsoho ripitloa botala boima ba hogweed ka tshebetso ya ho loading.

Tala boima ruileng tsoekere. tsoekere dikahare feta tlhokigang bonyane ba silage ke makhetlo a 2-2.5, mabapi le sena parsnip khomo ka silo ho le seo trudnosilosuyuschimisya joalo dimela ho fetisisa le lehlokoa ho itšeha, mor'a joang perennial et al a., eo eketsa 10-15% ka boima ba 'mele.

Reed o na le boleng bo boholohali phepo e nepahetseng ho sehlooho. The lik'hilograma tse 100 tsa 'moba furu pele lipalesa leng (ka ntho e omileng) 44 iphepe. appa le 3,9% ea protheine digestible, ka lik'hilograma 1 ya boima tala - ho tloha 33,1 ho 51,5 mg, carotene. Leha ho le joalo, ka nako ena 'moba e na le ka tlaase ho moo faeba mme BEV (polysaccharides) ho feta linakong morago ga moo e ea nako ea selemo ho hōla. The deposition palo e kahodimodimo ea polysaccharides tloha 'moba o etsahala nakong lipalesa tsa lona.

Dry phoofolo ea lapeng lijo. Litsebi tsa temo lefatšeng ka bophara ho tloha ka nako immemorial, ba sebetsa ho hlahisa mekhoa ea ho ntlafatsa boleng ba phepo e nepahetseng ba fepa ka e tlase boleng: litlhaka, matlapi a korong, likhoele, le tse ling. Ka ho fetisisa ho fihlella le ke bohlokoa ho tloha joang. Lehlokoa mariha le selemo koro, le mariha selemong rye le batallang, se na le eneji, le tlaase -0,16-0,22 phepo e nepahetseng iphepe. appa 1 lik'hilograma le hampe jeoa ke liphoofolo. Kalafo ya lehlokoa 'meleng kapa lik'hemik'hale ho bolela (liquefied ammonia, kalaka, caustic soda) e fana ka le keketseho bohlokoa (makhetlo a 2.5-3.0) palatability lona le eketseha ka makhetlo a 1,3-2,8 eneji, le phepo e nepahetseng. The fepa boleng ba nyalothe lehlokoa, harese, phofo, oats, joang testis, haholo-holo cocksfoot, dierekisi le Viki Yarovoy phahame eneji, le lijo phepo e nepahetseng ke 0,31-0,40. appa ha dikahare tsa 16,0-35,0 g, ba protheine e tala ka 1 lik'hilograma. Empa ho ntlafatsa palatability le digestibility ea thepa seratsoana phepo fepa ka e le bohlale ho ikokobelletsa 'meleng kalafo mekhoa - siloa, ho kopanya le ho tsepamisa mohopolo, ka boleng bo phahameng e fepa lero ka silage, beet makhasi ao joalo-joalo, hammoho le biologically mafolofolo le matsoai additives ..

A ho ba sieo ha mixers sebelisoa lehong mabokose 1,5x1,5x1,5 m. Lehlokoa seha stacked ka le dikarolo tsa 45-50 cm, a ka nako eo fafatsa kapa tšela concentrates tseloe bile ba kopanya. motsoako ne lehlokoa omileng concentrates zaparivayut metsi a chesang (75-80 ° C) bakeng sa etsang dilitara tse 100 ka 1 Q joang. Ka a etsang dilitara tse 100 metsi hangata qhibiliha lik'hilograma 2 tsa letsoai. Ha sebelisoa ka e nyalana molasses hlokahala ho fumana hore na diteng tsa tsoekere ho sona ho thibela lehlokoa glut tsoekere. Pele ho kopanya le molasses lehlokoa e qhalwa ho ya ka metsi a chesang ka karo-karolelano ea 1: 3; 1: 4 ke boima ba 'mele le ho tsamaisoa ka tekanyo ea a etsang dilitara tse 100 ka 1 Q joang. Ho qoba jese litheohelang faeba digestibility ea lehlokoa le ka etsang dilitara tse 100 tsa molasses hlapolotsoeng e loketseng ea ho etsa lik'hilograma 4-5 ya urea. A motsoako oa lehlokoa le molasses kopanya le tlohela bakeng sa halofo ea hora ho atamela. Ka go kokoanya dintlhakhutlogo kormosmesej lekola le lehlokoa boleng. Kaba tlaase boleng qeta mariha koro lehlokoa le ba rye sebelisa tse sa feteng tse 45% ea boima ba 'mele kakaretso ea motsoako. likhomo lona ho fana e felle feela lik'hilograma 5 ka letsatsi. Lehlokoa nyalothe, harese, phofo, oats, dierekisi, testis joang kenyeletsa ho fihlela ho 55-60% ea boima ba 'mele kakaretso ea motsoako. Hut lehlokoa ena e ommeng admissible ka mefuta e fapaneng ya lik'hilograma 7-8 ka khomo ka letsatsi.

Khobokellane fepa ka le additives  

Peō ea joang le dimela Woody ka thusa boloka e ngata fepa ka bitsa chelete e ngata. U ka kotula dipeo ea litlama tse hlaha: quinoa, sorrel, bobatsi, barnyardgrass, dierekisi toeba, bindweed, sharitsy, burdock, camelina, palo, Manica. Hape, dipeo le lifate tsa litholoana :. Oak, chestnut, beech, sole, Elm, molora, bosehla leoka, molora, elderberry, viburnum, Hawthorn, masale Birch et al a acorns le pere chestnut li ka fepa ho liphoofolo tsa polasing bobeli boemong ba e tala e le pele eng kapa le ho sila, hammoho le lijo tse itseng. E ntle ho ba khona ho sila ka bona phofo mahoashe, e leng e ka sebediswa ka motsoako nang le makhasi a oele, kapa furu. lik'hilograma e mong oa omisitsoeng feletse kapa siloa ka shell a 'me e na le 1,15 cupule acorns iphepe. appa, ka lebaka la sena ho ke ke ha khoneha ho overfeed liphoofolo tse lijo e le nang le phepo e phahameng ka mafura le lik'habohaedreite. Ho na le dikgothaletso e loketseng.

Ho na le mehloli e mengata ea matlotlo a batho bao e seng tloaelehileng fepa ka le moru ke ka theko e tlaase ka ho fetisisa le seo a se finyeletseng tsa saense le ka go ikatisetsa a lumella hore re ho nahana ka matlakala lifate e le mohloli o hlamatsehang oa lihlahisoa tse tala bakeng sa ho hlahisa mefuta e fapaneng ya dihlahiswa fepa ka le additives, eo ho eona ho khotsofatsa litlhoko liphoofolo tse ruiloeng.

Re lokela ho hlokomela hore lijo bao e seng setso ka nako e ngata classified, o ile a ithuta ho hlophisoa bona, boleng phepo e nepahetseng, ka dikgothaletso bakeng sa ho sebelisoa moo ho buuoang le lingoliloeng botekgeniki. Theknoloji le motheo oa molao 'me botekgeniki bakeng sa ho fumana tsohle ya furu tse ka holimo, thepa botekgeniki fetisisa tshebetso ka kgona hoo e ka bang kgwebo leha e le efe.