Dintho Biologically a sebetsang a

dintho Biologically a sebetsang a (khutsufalitsoe - Bas) - e khethehileng lik'hemik'hale dintho tseo rua ka mahloriso tlaase ka mosebetsi phahameng ho lihlopha itseng ea lintho tse (batho, dimela, phoofolo, li-fungus) kapa ho lihlopha tse itseng tsa liseleng. Bas sebelisoa ka meriana le ka thibelo ya lefu, 'me hape ho boloka mosebetsi feletseng.

Biologically dintho a sebetsang a ke tsena:

1. Alkaloids - nitrogenous metsoako ea manyolo tlhaho. Ka puso ea kakaretso, meroho. Na le thepa ea motheo. Insoluble ka metsi, ka acid e ea ho theha matsoai a sa tšoaneng. Rua mosebetsi o motle fisioloji. Ka tekanyetso kgolo - ke chefo matla ka ho fetisisa tse nyenyane - meriana (meriana "Atropine", "papaverine", "Ephedrine").

2. divithamini - sehlopha khethehileng tsa metsoako manyolo tse bohlokoa e le hore batho le liphoofolo bakeng sa metabolism botle le bophelo bo khotsofatsang. livithamine tse ngata ho ameha ka ho bōptjoa ha enzyme e ho hlokahala hore ho thibela metsoako kapa potlakisa mosebetsi oa tsamaiso ea itseng potlakisang tsebetso ea lik'hemik'hale. Hape divithamini ba sebelisoa e le additives biologically mafolofolo nakong ea ho lijo (kenyelelitsoe sebopeho bona). Ba bang ba divithamini ingested le lijo, ha ba bang ba hlahisoang ke likokoana-hloko ka e ntse likahare ka 'me ba bang - ke ka lebaka la ho tswakana ya dintho mafura-joaloka tlas'a tšusumetso ea mahlaseli. vithamine khaello ho ka etsa hore mafu a tse fapa-fapaneng metabolism. Lefu lena, e qalileng ka lebaka la ho noa tlaase ya divithamini 'meleng, e bitswang beriberi. Bothata - ho haella a vithamine, empa ka tsela e feteletseng e ngata - hypervitaminosis.

3. Glycosides - metsoako ea tlhaho manyolo. Ba na le mefuta e fapaneng ya litla. glycosides limolek'hule li entsoe ka likarolo tse peli tse khōlō: nesaharistoy (the aglycone kapa genin) le tsoekere (glucones). Ka moriana sebediswa bakeng sa kalafo ya pelo le mafu a vascular ka loantsang likokoana le expectorant. glycosides hape imolla mokhathala kelellong le 'meleng, disinfect pampitšana mosese, phoka tsamaiso ea methapo e bohareng, ntlafatsa tshilo ya dijo le eketsa takatso ea lijo.

4. Glikolalkaloidy - bioactive dintho tse amanang glycosides. Ho bona o ka fumana lithethefatsi tse latelang: "Cortisone", "Hydrocortisone" le ba bang.

5. The tannins (lebitso la e mong - tannin) kgona ho precipitate lihaha-'mele, mucus, dintho sekgomaretsi, alkaloids. Ka lebaka lena hore ha li lumellane le lintho tse tsena ka meriana. Ho tloha ka liprotheine ba theha albuminates (antiinflammatory moemeli).

6. mafura oli - ke esters ea acid tse mafura kapa joala trihydric. Ba bang ba acid tse mafura ameha ka metabolism, eketsa lebelo la excretion ea k'holeseterole e le 'mele.

7. Coumarins - ntho biologically mafolofolo, tseo li thehiloe coumarin le isocoumarin. Ka sehlopha tšoanang kenyeletsa piranokumariny le furokumariny. Ba bang ba coumarins rua bohato spasmolytic, ba bang ba bontša mosebetsi kapillyaroukreplyayuschim. Ho na le hape coumarins anthelminthic, diuretic, curare, loantsang likokoana, analgesic le liketso tse ling.

8. trace likarolo, divithamini le joaloka, ba boetse ba eketsa ho biologically mafolofolo nakong tseloe lijo. Ke karolo ea divithamini, li-hormone, ka mebala, potlakisang tsebetso ea lik'hemik'hale, metsoako foromo lik'hemik'hale le liprotheine ipokellela ka lisele tse le ho makala, endocrine litsoelesa. Bakeng sa batho bohlokoa e latelang mosaletsa likarolo: boron, nikele, zinki cobalt, molybdenum, loto, fluorine, selenium, koporo, a mankanese a.

Ho na le boetse ho na le tse ling tse dintho tse biologically mafolofolo nakong: acid Organic (ke ho hloka botsitso le ho bao e seng hloka botsitso), pectin, ka mebala (lebitso la e mong - taka mahlahana a), steroid, carotenoids, flavonoids, ho hloka botsitso, ecdysones, oli ea bohlokoa.