Classification tsa lihlopha tsa mobu

Holim lera a mafika, e leng e ho fetisisa o ile a pepesa, a bitsoa "selelekela". thepa lona ke ka ho toba itšetlehile ka litšusumetso tse fapa-fapaneng Link hore ka etsa hore lik'hemik'hale le khoholeho ea mobu 'meleng, ho timetsoa ha moea, khoholeho ea mobu metsi, hammoho le liphetoho mocheso. E leng karolo pele-pele mehopolong ea mobu, e leng e ka tlasa tšusumetso e eketsehileng ea lintho tse ngata tse likokoana-hloko, e bitsoang mobu. Tšusumetso ea mobu nakong ea kaho ea meaho le litsela e kgolo haholo. Ho itšetlehile ka mofuta le thepa ea botsitso fapaneng le durability theknoloji lefatše sekoahelo le kaho moralo.

Ke tekanyo ea ho timetsoa ha lefatše le ho mafika integuments, khetholla lintlha tse latelang lihlopha tsa sehlooho tsa mobu:

1. Neskalnye.

2. Rock.

Sehlopha sa pele, le eena, o arotsoe ka lihlopha tse 'maloa ho ea ka tekanyo e sa fragmentation: mahoashe, letsopa le mobu lehlabathe.

Mahoashe sehlopha mobu kenyelletsa ditokiseletso motsoako oa mollwane phatsa boholo kholoanyane ho feta 2 limilimithara, ka tekanyo ea bona ea ho feta 50% ka boima ba 'mele. mobu lehlabathe ke motsoako oa omileng bongata particulate palo yohle boima ha e na ductility lekaneng.

Clay mobu lihlopha tse trenching likoahelo, ha ke feta metsi e ka ba monolithic kapa e omileng lumpy boemo, empa polasetiki ka boemo wetted. The dikahare a mafika argillaceous e lokela ho ba bonyane 3% ea boima ba 'mele palo yohle.

mobu Rock sehlopha li arotsoe ka metamorphic, igneous le sedimentary. Ba na le thata kamano ea lekana pakeng tsa lijo-thollo motsoako le likaroloana matsoai, e ka leshano ka lera tletlerana kapa drive e tsoelang pele.

Igneous molao mafikeng ke se hlahang ho yona ha seretse se chesang le tlhophiso lona ho khetheha: effusive Ka mohlala, meropo le basalt, le ka botebo, tse kang syenite le morema.

Emela mafika metamorphic hore ba 'nile ba kopana le mocheso phahameng le ho hatelloa, ho etsa mohlala,' mabole, quartzite kapa gneiss. thepa tsena ba le boemo bo phahameng ba matla.

Sebopeho sa sedimentary mobu sehlopha e ne e le ka lebaka la ho mobung ea likaroloana tswa slurry etella pele eo hamorao e fetoloa mokato monolithic. Ba ka ka lebaka la lik'hemik'hale mouoane deposition, kapa mefuta e fapaneng ya e hlophisitsweng, manyolo. Ka tsela e tšoanang hlaha marl, dolomite, gypsum, a lejoe la mokoetla le peat.

maemo sedimentation bakileng tlhophiso ho eketsehileng aeolian, metsi-glacial Moraine, noka le leoatle.

mafika Clastic di na le dipegelo subgroups tse pedi, tse arohantsoe ke mofuta wa sebelisana pakeng tsa likaroloana tse amanang (letsopa) le hakolotse (lehlabathe le lehlohlojane).

The thepa ea sehlopha ka seng ea mobu e itšetlehile ka ponahalo ea lefika, empa ba ka 'na ea fapana haholo ka lik'hemik'hale le mineralogical sebopeho, mofuta wa mabapi, sebopeho le phatsa boholo.

Kahoo, selelekela ke qhalakanyelitse multiphase tsamaiso, ka boemo ba bona ba tlhaho e na mekhahlelo e meraro: metsoako matsoai lefikeng, metsi le moea.