Tšimoloho ea Ntoa ea Pele ea Lefatše

Ntoa ea Pele ea Lefatše ke e 'ngoe ea lintoa tse telele ka ho fetisisa le tse bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa historing, tse khetholloang ke tšollo ea mali e khōlō. Ho ile ha feta lilemo tse fetang tse 'nè, hoa thahasellisa hore linaha tse mashome a mararo a metso e meraro (87% ea baahi ba lefatše) ba neng ba e-na le bobusi ba naha ka nako eo ba ile ba kenella ho eona .

Qalong ea Ntoa ea Pele ea Lefatše (letsatsi la qalo - la 28 June, 1914) le ile la etsa hore ho be le mekhahlelo e 'meli: Entente (Engelane, Russia, France) le Triple Alliance (Italy, Jeremane, Austria). Ntoa e qalile ka lebaka la tsoelo-pele e sa lekaneng ea tsamaiso ea capitalist sethaleng sa bochaba, le ka lebaka la khohlano ea Manyesemane le Sejeremane.

Mabaka a ho qhoma ha Ntoa ea Pele ea Lefatše ke tse latelang:

1. Mathata a moruo oa lefatše.

2. Ho senya lithahasello tsa Russia, Jeremane, Serbia, hammoho le Great Britain, Fora, Italy, Greece le Bulgaria.

Russia e ne e batla ho fihlella maoatleng, Engelane - ho fokolisa Turkey le Jeremane, Fora - ho khutlela Lorraine le Alsace, hape Jeremane e ne e ikemiselitse ho hapa Europe le Middle East, Austria-Hungary - ho laola mekhoa ea likepe ka leoatleng, le Italy - ho ba le matla holim'a leoatle Europe Boroa le Mediterranean.

Joalokaha ho bontšitsoe ka holimo, ho nkoa hore qalo ea Ntoa ea Pele ea Lefatše e oa ka la 28 June, 1914, ha mohlahlami ea tobileng oa borena oa Franz a bolaoa Serbia. Kaha e ne e thahasella ntoa, Jeremane e ile ea susumelletsa 'muso oa Hungary hore o hlahise sephetho sa Serbia, seo ho thoeng se tlōla bobusi ba sona. Sephetho sena se ne se amana le litsietsi tse ngata St. Petersburg. E ne e le moo Mopresidente oa Fora a fihlang ho tsosoa Russia ho ea ntoeng. Ka lehlakoreng le leng, Russia e eletsa Serbia hore e sebetse ka ho feletseng, empa ka la 15 July, Austria e ile ea phatlalatsa ntoa khahlanong le Serbia. Ena e ne e le qaleho ea Ntoa ea Pele ea Lefatše.

Ka nako e tšoanang, mohopolo o ile oa phatlalatsoa Russia , empa Jeremane e ile ea batla hore mehato ena e hlakoloe. Empa mmuso oa tsarist o ile oa hana ho phethahatsa tlhoko ena, kahoo ka la 21 July, Jeremane e phatlalatsa ntoa Russia.

Matsatsing a tlang, linaha tse kholo tsa Europe li kena ntoeng. Kahoo, ka la 18 July, Fora e kena ntoeng, 'moho e moholo oa Russia,' me Brithani e phatlalatsa ntoa Jeremane. Italy e ne e nka ho hlokahala hore ho se nke lehlakore.

Re ka re ntoa eo e fetoha pan-europe hang-hang, 'me hamorao ke ea lefatse lohle.

Ho qhoma ha Ntoa ea Pele ea Lefatše ho ka tšoauoa ka tlhaselo ea masole a Jeremane lebothong la Fora. E arabela, Russia e kenyelletsa mabotho a mabeli hore e be ntho e nyonyehang ho tšoara Prussia ea Bochabela. Tlhaselo ena e ile ea qala ka katleho, ka la 7 Ntoa lebotho la Russia la hlōla ntoa Gumbinem. Leha ho le joalo, kapele lebotho la Russia la oela lerabeng 'me la hlōloa ke Majeremane. Kahoo karolo e molemo ka ho fetisisa ea sesole sa Russia e ile ea senngoa. Ba bang kaofela ba ile ba qobelloa ho khutlela tlas'a khatello ea sera. Ho ka boleloa hore liketsahalo tsena li thusitse Mafora hore a hlōle Majeremane ntoeng ea nōkeng. Ho ea Marne.

Hoa hlokahala ho hlokomela karolo ea ntoa ea Galician nakong ea ntoa. Ka 1914 Gilitsia ho ne ho e-na le lintoa tse kholo pakeng tsa likarolo tsa Austria le Russia. Ntoa ea tsoela pele ka matsatsi a mashome a mabeli a motso o mong. Qalong lebotho la Russia le ne le thatafalloa haholo ho mamella khatello ea sera, empa ka potlako masole a tsoela pele ho hlasela, 'me mabotho a Austria a tlameha ho khutlela morao. Ka hona, Ntoa ea Galicia e ile ea felisoa ka ho feletseng mabotho a Austria le Hungary, 'me ho fihlela qetellong ea ntoa, Austria e ne e sa khone ho baleha ka tsela e joalo.

Kahoo, tšimoloho ea Ntoa ea Pele ea Lefatše e oa ka 1914. E ile ea nka lilemo tse 'nè, e bile teng ka 3/4 ea baahi ba Lefatše. Ka lebaka la ntoa, mebuso e mene e meholo e ile ea nyamela: Austro-Hungarian, Serussia, Sejeremane le Ottoman. Batho ba ka bang limilione tse leshome le metso e 'meli ba ile ba lahleha, ba nahanela batho ba limilione tse mashome a mahlano a metso e mehlano ba lemetse