Submarines ea Second Ntoa World: Foto. Submarines tsa Soviet Union le Jeremane, Ntoa ea II ea

Sebelisa libetsa tsa nyutlelie likepe fetoha karolo ea Navy ea linaheng tse sa tšoaneng se nakong ea Pele ea Lefatše Ntoa. Ntshetsopeleng mesebetsi e ho tšimo ea sebelisa libetsa tsa nyutlelie ba ile ba qala nako e telele pele ho e qala, empa feela ka mor'a 1914 ba ne ba phetheloa ditlhoko tsa litšobotsi tse likepe taolo ya tshebetso ya submarines. Boemo ka sehloohong tseo ba neng ba sebetsa, e ne e le ho stealth. Submarines ea Ntoa ea II ea Lefatše ka sebopeho le melao-motheo ea nkang khato e fapane hakaalo pele ho bona tsa lilemo tse mashome tse fetileng. Phapang mehaho hangata e ne e ka dipopontshwa theknoloji 'me ba bang a qapa ka 20s le 30s ea diyuniti le aggregates, ho ntlafatsa litšobotsi tse navigability le mafolofolo.

submarines Sejeremane pele ntoa e

Terms of le Selekane sa Versailles aa ka a lumella Jeremane ho haha bangata ba mefuta ya likepe le ho bōpa e tletseng fledged sesoleng sa metsing. Ka nako ea pele ho ntoa, ho hlokomoloha behilweng ke linaha ka 1918 Selekane moedi, Jeremane shipyard leha ho le joalo a qala ka leshome le metso e mehlano a leoatle sehlopha sa submarines (U-25, U-26, U-37, U-64, joalo-joalo). displacement bona holim'a metsi e ne e le tse ka bang 700 boima ba lithane tse. submarines nyenyane (boima ba lithane tse 500) ka chelete ea likotoana tse 24. (E baloa U-44) mmoho 32 diyuniti coasting-mabopong mefuta e fapaneng e ne e le tsoanang le comprised tshehetso ya displacement lebotho la Krigsmarine. Kaofela ha bona ba ne ba ba hlometseng seqha liletsa le methapo torpedo (hangata 4 seqha le karolo e ka morao 2).

Kahoo, ho sa tsotellehe mehato e ngata lithibelo, ka 1939, ba hlometseng ka Sejeremane Navy e ne submarines ea kajeno haholo. Ntoa ea II ea Lefatše hang-hang ka mor'a thehoa feela lona o bontšitse phahameng bohlokwa ba tsamaiso ea sehlopha sena sa libetsa.

Boiteko ba ka Brithani

Brithani o ile a nka bohloko pele ea Hitler mochini ntoa. Makatsang ke hore ho admiral tsa 'muso ka ho fetisisa haholo ananela kotsi ea botsoa ke battleships sa Jeremane le cruisers. Ka phihlelo ea khohlano fetileng khōlō, ba ile ba nahana hore ho sebelisa libetsa tsa nyutlelie fana ka kgaso tla lekanyetsoa feela e batlang e moqotetsane hlobolisa mabopong, le phumano ea bona e tla se ke ua karolo e khōlō ea bothata.

Ho ile ha fumaneha Leha ho le joalo, e le hore Jeremane U-likepe tsa Ntoa ea II ea Lefatše e ka ba ho feta kotsi sebetsa ho feta likepe holim'a. Boiteko ba ho theha se thibela likepe sesole sa metsing ea lebōpo la leoatle karolong e ka leboea ba ile ba hlōleha. Ka letsatsi la pele ea sekepe ntoa "Athenia" o ile torpedoed le teba lifofane microcyteme "Koreydzhes" September 17, lifofane tse ea Brithani ho nang le tšepo ea ho sebelisa e le mokhoa oa ka katleho ASW. Block bohato "Phiri dipakete" Admiral Lucifer sitoa ho laola, ba itšoere ka sebete haholoanyane. October 14, 1939 sebelisa libetsa tsa nyutlelie U-47 a kena ka metsi a botlaaseng Royal Navy ka Scapa Phalla, 'me ho tloha boemong bo holim'a torpedoed tsitsisa battleship "Royal Oak". Lekhotla o ile a shoa letsatsi le letsatsi.

Lucifer sabole + le thebe ea Brithani

Ke bo-1940, Majeremane a ile ra lumelloa ho ea ho ea botlaaseng ba likepe Senyesemane le tonnage kakaretso ea tonnes ba fetang limilione tse peli. Ho ne ho bonahala hore Brithani e tlokotsi ke keng ea qojoa. Interest bo-rahistori ba litaba ke bolela karolo bapetse submarines ea Ntoa ea II ea Lefatše. Filimi "The Battle tsa Atlantic" e re bolella ka pale ea ntoa bakeng sa taolo ya fleets ea litsela tse kholo a leoatle, a tsoela pele ho fa dinaheng loanang. Loana "liphiri tse" Lucifer ne ho le thata, empa le leng le thata mosebetsi aparetsoe le etse qeto, 'me e fumanoa ka nako ena. Seo a se finyeletseng le tšimong ea radar e tla khona ho utloa pono e seng feela, empa hape le ponahalo lefela, 'me hōjana, ba submarines Sejeremane.

The Second World Ntoa e ne e sa leha ho le joalo ile ea fihla mohato lona tlhōrō, e ne e le ka April 1941, empa o ne a tetebetse ke sebelisa libetsa tsa nyutlelie U-110. E ne e le mophonyohi ea ho qetela ea batho bao Hitler o ile a qala ho loantša.

Ke seo snorkel?

Ho tloha qala ho haholo tsa submarines bayemi tšohlile embodiments tse sa tšoaneng tsa matla a fana ka dimela matla. Submarines ea Ntoa ea II ea Lefatše, le khannoang ke e dilenaneo motlakase, 'me holim' - enjene disele. Bothata ka sehloohong sitisa ho pholosa sephiring, e ne e le ho hlokahala hore a holim nako le nako ho recharge libeteri. E ne e le nakong ea qobelloa submarines unmasking ba kotsing, ba ne ba khona ho utloa sefofane se le radars. E le hore ba fokotsa kotsi ena, ho qaptjoa ho thoeng snorkel. Ke extendable phala tsamaiso e khopo ka ho eo e lekareche disele kena moea sepakapakeng hlokahalang bakeng sa go tuka ga molelo tsa mafura le tlosa ea likhase qeta monono.

Kopo snorkel submarines thusa fokotsa tahlehelo, empa ho phaella moo ne radars le mekhoa e meng ea ba bonoa, tse kang sonar.

Boitshomololedi setseng unattended

Ho sa tsotellehe menyetla e totobetse, a hlomelloa le snorkel feela Jeremane U-likepe tsa Ntoa ea II ea Lefatše. Soviet Union le linaheng tse ling tlohetse ho unattended qaptjoa, le hoja maemo a bakeng sa boiphihlelo alima ne. Ho lumeloa hore pele Baetsi ba likepe ba Madache a sebelisa snorkel, empa rea tseba hape hore ka disebediswsa 1925 tšoanang etselitsoeng ke Mataliana moenjiniere sesole Ferretti, empa ka nako eo maikutlo a bona bo ile ba lahloa kherehloa. Ka 1940, Netherlands e ile hlaseloa ke Jeremane ea Bonazi, empa sebelisa libetsa tsa nyutlelie tsa lona likepe (4 diyuniti) tlameha ho tloha UK. Ho na le, hape, ha rea ka ra thabela sena, ya e le hantle, ho sesebediswa batlang. Snorkel qhaqha, nahana ka ba kotsi haholo le belaetsang sesebediswa utility.

Tse ling Revolutionary ditharollo botekgeniki submarines lihahi aa ka a sebelisa. Libeteri ntlafala sethusathuto bakeng lefisa bona, ba ntlafala oona tsamaisong moea nchafatso, empa molao-motheo ona o hlola ka ho sa fetohe sebelisa libetsa tsa nyutlelie sesebediswa.

Submarines ea Ntoa ea II ea Lefatše, Soviet Union

Photo bahale severomortsev Lunin, Marinesco, Starikov hatisitsoeng ke ua feela Union likoranta, empa hape linaheng tse ling. Submariners e ne e le bahale ba sebele. Ho phaella moo, balaoli ba atlehileng ka ho fetisisa ea submarines Union e ile ea lira tsa botho ea Adolf Hitler, 'me molemo ho amohela ho bona e sa ho hlokeha.

A karolo ea khōlō ntoa sesole sa metsing e qhoma maoatleng o ka leboea le Black Sea beisine, o ne a letsa submarines Union. Ntoa ea II ea Lefatše ile ea qala ka 1939, 'me ka 1941, Jeremane ea Bonazi hlasela USSR. Ka nako eo, ka likepe sebelisa libetsa tsa nyutlelie tsa rona armament ne e ena le mefuta e 'maloa tsa motheo:

1. PL "Decembrists". Series (ntle le bakeng sa sehlooho diyuniti tse pedi tse ngata - "Narodovolets le" The Red ") thehiloe a 1931. Feletseng displacement - boima ba lithane tse 980.
2. "L" li - "Leninist." Moralo wa 1936 selemo displacement - boima ba lithane tse 1400, sekepe se hlometseng kaet tšeletseng likulo torpedoes 12 le 20 merafong leoatle, lithunya tse peli (nasal - 100 limilimithara le furu - 45 limilimithara).
3. "R-XIII» letoto la lihlooho tse nang le displacement tsa boima ba lithane tse 1.200.
4. Letoto la "ni" ( "Pike") le displacement tsa boima ba lithane tse 580.
5. "C" letoto la 780 limithara, e tšeletseng ba hlometseng Ta le lithunya tse peli - 100 limilimithara le 45 limilimithara.
6. "K" li. Displacement - 2200 sa t a be ka 1938 godu sebelisa libetsa tsa nyutlelie, ho ntshetsa pele lebelo la mafito 22 (holim'a maemo a) le mafito 10 (ka tlas'a metsi a le boemong bo.). Sekepe leoatleng sehlopha sa. Tse tsheletseng a hlometseng torpedo (6 Ta nasal le fepa ka 4).
7. "M" li - "Baby". Displacement - ho tloha limithara tse 200 ho tse 250 (ho itšetlehile ka phetolo ya). Projects ka 1932 le 1936, Ta 2, boikemelo - 2 libeke tse.

"Baby"

Submarines "M" li ke fetisisa diseke ee U-likepe tsa Ntoa ea II ea Lefatše le Soviet Union. Filimi "e Union Navy. Tlhōlo Chronicle "e re bolella ka pale ea tseleng e khanyang ea basebetsi ba bangata ka bohlale a sebelisa e ikhethang ho tshwara litšobotsi tsa likepe tsena, hammoho le boholo ba tsona e nyenyane. Ka linako tse ling balaoli ba ile ba khona ho ka lenyele fumana haufi le hantle a sireletsa setsi sera sa le baleha mahloriso. "Baby" ka isoa ka terene le phaphametse ka Leoatleng le Letšo le Bochabela bo Hōle.

Ka par, le melemo ea ho ea letoto la "M" e ne e le, ya e le hantle, le go tlhoka mesola, empa ba se na tsona ho na le ho na thepa e ka ho feletseng: e boikemelo khutšoanyane, torpedoes tse peli feela ho ba sieo ha setokong, e patisaneng 'me maemo a tedious tsa tšebeletso amanang le tse seng kae tsa basebetsi ba ka. mathata ana ha thibela submariners bahale win hore a hlōle tsotehang fetang sera.

Linaheng tse fapaneng,

Thahasellisang tjhelete eo submarines ea Ntoa ea II ea Lefatše e ne e le ka tšebeletso ea ka navies ea linaheng tse sa tšoaneng pele ntoa. E le tsa 1939 likepe kholo ka ho fetisisa tsa submarines ne USSR (ba fetang 200 likhomphutha.), O ile a atleha ka ho ba matla Setaliana sebelisa libetsa tsa nyutlelie likepe (ho feta diyuniti tse lekholo), sebaka boraro ile lula Fora (86 likhomphutha.), The bone - UK (69), e ea bohlano - Japane (65) le la botšelela - Germany (57). Ha ba ntse ba ntoa le ile la fetoha le ho leka-lekana ea matla, 'me lenane la e hoo e ka bang lined ka odara khutlisetsang (ntle le bakeng sa palo ea submarines Union). Ho phaella ho theolela ka metsing ka shipyards rona ka palo ea Union Navy le sebelisa libetsa tsa nyutlelie e ne e hahiloe ka Engelane, e ile ea e-ba karolo ea sehlopha Baltic ka mor'a hore kamohelo ea Estonia ( "Lembit", 1935).

ka mor'a ntoa,

Ntoa eo e ile a shoa theoha fatše, moeeng, ka metsi le ka tlas'a eona. Ka lilemo tse ngata, Union "Pike" le "Baby" a tsoela pele ho sireletsa naha lapeng, 'me joale li ne li sebelisoa bakeng sa ho koetlisa cadets sesole sa metsing likolong sesole. Ba bang ba bona ba fetohile liemahale le limusiamo, batho ba bang ba rusted ka mabitleng submarines.

Submarines nakong e fetileng lilemo tse leshome ka mor'a ntoa, hoo e ka bang ne ke sa kenya letsoho ntoa eo lula etsahalang lefatšeng ka bophara. Ho ne ho likhohlano ea moo, ka linako tse ling tsa fetoha ntoa e tebileng, empa submarines ba ne ba sa ho loantša mosebetsi. Di ho ba ho feta ka lekunutu, ho fallela ka lenyele 'me ka potlako, ka lebaka la tsoelo-pele e ile a fumana ea fisiks ea nyutlelie e sa lekanyetsoang boikemelo.