Dwarf birch

Ho na le tse 'maloa mefuta e meng ea lifate tsa birch, empa eseng kaofela ke a loketse bakeng sa tshebediso ya ka moralo landschap. Lilemong tsa morao tjena ho eketsehileng dwarf birch e sebediswa lirapa lokisa jarete le libakeng tse ea teropong. Tse hlaha dimela ena e fumanoa Yakutia le West Siberia, ka leboea ho Russia le Kamchatka. Naheng e 'ngoe, dwarf birch e ntse e hōla Amerika Leboea le e ka leboea Europe. Ka linako tse ling, shrub ena ka fumanoa ka lithabeng, limithara tse 300 ka holimo ho bophahamo ba leoatle, empa ka Alps e ntse e hōla a sa le bophahamong ba 2000 m. Ka naheng ea tundra, ka bogs boriba, morung, le Alpine libaka le tundra ea mofuta ona e birch e bopa e moferong tsoelang pele bitsoa "qothisanang lehlokoa le" batho. Ha semela sena leboea sebelisoa e le mafura a le ho ba fepa ho likhama. Ka mehloli e e sirelelitsoe ke mmuso.

deciduous ena e emela silnovetvisty, le tlaase shrub ho fihlela ho 1.2 limithara ka bophahamo, ka otlile ka lehlakore le bochaba letlobo hoo e ka bang a hlobotse ka makhapetla sootho. makhasi a eona lekaneng ho ba lokisetsa hang. Ba na le e-ba bolelele ba tse peli le halofo emetse disentimitara le lebetsoeng le bophara - disentimitara ngoe. Makhasi ba le lekaneng ka holimo le shirokoklinovidnoe botlaaseng. Bohale ba lamina hlabang-toothed. Mala siea - lefifi tala, benyang, ba holimo le tlase hanyane theipi le bobebe. Petioles tse nyenyane - ho fihlela ho limilimithara 6 ka bolelele.

Kaha e ntse e hōla ka majoe, Marsh le tundra mobu, ho na le tsamaiso e sa tebang motso. Dwarf birch na melenkie lipalesa, tse patehileng, unisexual, li bokella ka masale inflorescence-tsebe ho 1.5 telele cm, le 0.5 cm, ka bophara. Tsena khanya inflorescences sootho leng teng ba lipheletsong tsa makala lateral. Dwarf birch palesa esita le pele makhasi. Litholoana tsa semela sena e re tsena tse nyenyane 'me li bopa elliptical linate koahetsoeng ke lifate le moqotetsane membranous mapheo ka mahlakoreng. Ba butsoa ka June.

mofuta ona wa Birch e arotsoe subtypes tse peli:

- exilis (ha downy, makhasi theipi le letlobo mocha lekaneng ho sebopeho ho fihlela ho 1.5 cm,), ho e ntse e hōla ka leboea-bochabela Asia le e ka leboea Canada le Alaska;

- Nana (e na le hanyenyane hairy, bao e seng sekgomaretsi, letlobo mocha, siea e-ba bolelele ba moholo ho feta 2,5 cm,), ho ajoa ka leboea-bophirimela haufi le Asia, 'me le Alps, Greenland,' me Canada (ka Baffanova Earth.).

Birch, mme tshenolo ya eo e ngotsweng hodimo, o nako e telele 'nile ea sebelisoa ka moralo landschap. dintho setso rekoa mabenkeleng ikhethang, ho fapana ho hōla tlhaho, ikutloa molemo ho hoo e batlang e tsohle libaka klimate la Russia le katleho sa jala ho tloha cuttings. Sena birch graceful na le thatho e khethehileng. Ka ho fetisisa linako e diforomo ka lekaneng ho clumps ho fihlela ho 1 limithara ka bophahamo, e leng di hlokang ho honyenyane kapa ha ho na kamehla faolang. Ntle a shebahala ka plantings sehlopha, ho sa Alpine maralla le ka rockeries. Haholo-holo e tsotehang dwarf birch ka hoetla ha makhasi a eona a penta ka e khanyang 'mala o mosehla kapa pherese. Sefate phethahetseng jarelang frosts matla ka ho fetisisa. ponahalo e ntle haholo ke semela le sehlopha sa conifers lulang se le setala dwarf.

Dwarf birch melang libakeng ho fetisisa tsa asiti le length of asiti sebetsang serapeng mobu le peat. semela sena ha se le boima haholo, empa ho ke ke molemo ka ho fetisisa ho hōla e ka libakeng hantle hotetsa. Likopi tsa khale tsa Koran fetoha bohlooho-ba batsho mmala. Ho bonolo haholo ho tlosa, kahoo khaola lihlahla (haeba ho hlokahala) e lokela ho ba limela feela hlabang.

semela sena e ka a lema ka mefuta e haufi-ufi amanang le ea tsa birch:

- glandular (mofuta American, joaloka dwarf, empa se nang le makhasi kholoanyane le e phahameng);

- Sefinnishe (lebasetere verrucosa birch le dwarf tse nyenyane makhasi);

- Middendordfa (e na le e kholo makhasi lekaneng ho).