Moroallo ketsahalo. Hlokomelisa sechaba ka maemo a tšohanyetso

E lokela ho qala le tlhaloso ea moroallo. Ke ea metsi mohato mokgwa wa noka. Ena nako le nako e khutšoanyane hōlisang metsi ka linōka, e bakoa ke qhibiliha matla ea glaciers, lehloa, lotho ea pula.

Phapang ka sehloohong pakeng tsa metsi a phahameng ho tloha likhohola - nako ya ketsahalo, e leng - ka nako efe kapa efe ea selemo. Tse Ngata likhohola ho ka etsa hore likhohola. Ha ba ntse ba mokhatlo oa maqhubu a lona a moroallo thehoa ke nōka.

Moroallo Hazard?

Di ea tsejoa e le taba ea bohlokoa ea sechaba, e le ka nako eo ba neng ba hlaha metsana makholo a 'maloa km le naha / temo, batho ba likete hozpostroek selemo le selemo ba kotsing ea moroallo e' ngoe. Ha likoluoa tsa tlhaho e ke ke haholo-holo ka ho hanyetsa theknoloji ea kajeno e le ho tsoelo-pele litabeng tsa saense, liphello tsa seo li ka etsa hore e ngata haholo tse bonahalang senya, esita le ho lahleheloa ke bophelo.

tšireletso ea moroallo

Tlhaho, liphallelo, mekhoa ea tlhaho ea tsireletso ea hae ke lekaneng ho loantša le tšubuhlellano ea metsi. Ho netefatsa polokeho ya masimong tse setšeng sa likhohola 'nang, sebelisa mefuta eohle ea merero e ka thibela.

Latelang moroallo tšireletso ea:

1. Fortification System.
2. libeisine mokhatlo oo o hlophisitsoeng boloke metsi.
3. Kaho ea matamo.

Tse thathamisitsoeng meaho - karolo ea bohlokoa ea tsa dibopeho tsa motheo le, e khabisitse naha mona tlhaho, cityscape.

Hlahisa liketsahalo moroallo akarelletsa le dipeeletso tsa bohlokoa tsa lichelete. Tabeng ena, kamehla e ntse e le taba ea lihlooho tsa puisano malebana le batla tharollo ho bothata bona, tse neng li tla kopana bokgoni tshebetso le Molemo moruo. Optimum mohlala - le likarolo tse ngata dowels. ho sebelisa ha bona lumella ho netefatsa tšireletso sa khaotseng khahlanong le koluoa ea tlhaho tse kang likhohola, ha re be le landschap hloekileng (dibopeho bulky le sieo).

tšireletso ea Moroallo: mehato

Tlas'a maemo ana, mosebetsi o ka sehloohong oa maemong ohle a mmuso le ea moo ipusa, le ditaelo ntlhobolisa, koluoa ea - thibelo (fokotsa) liphello tsa likhohola, ho etsa bonnete ba tshireletso ya bobeli ea baahi le libaka tsa bohlokoa moruong.

tšireletso ea moroallo e finyelloa ka mehato amohela loketseng, tse arotswe botekgeniki (thibelang) le tshebetso (e potlakileng). Ea bobeli ka kakaretso u se ke ua ho rarolla mathata 'ohle, ba lokela ho ho tshwarwa hammoho le botekgeniki. Ea bobeli ba le botho ba e thibelang e ka. Ho kenya tshebetsong ba hloka ho ntshetsa pele moralo, kaho Dibopeho Special, e akarelletsa bohlokoa ditjeo tse bonahalang.

mehato Technical ho laola moroallo

Tsena li akarelletsa:

• phalla molao oa tsamaiso ea bethe noka;
• obvalivanie;
• Moroallo metsi molatsoana;
• dredging, ogee tsa libethe noka;
• molao oa tsamaiso bakeng sa spillways elela ga metsi;
• kaho ea ditlhomo khethehileng mwinda;
• fokotsa kaho libakeng belaela tsa likhohola;
• mealo, joalo-joalo zastraivaemogo karolo.

Fetileng phihlelo ea mesebetsi tsena naheng ya rona e se e bontšitse hore libakeng tse ngata ka tšeptjoang tšireletso ea (floodplain) tsa likhohola hammoho le sa bohlokoa e le hantle mathata a moruo le ka finyelloang feela ka ho sebelisa mefuta e fapaneng e feletseng ea mesebetsi: mehato a sebetsang a sireletsang (molao oa tsamaiso ea elela ga metsi), etseng letho (ruslouglublenie, obvalivanie le PR.).

Lintlha susumetsa le ho khetha mokhoa oa ho ya tshireletso

Ho na le bonyane tse tšeletseng:

• puso ea haeteroliki ea molatsoaneng ho;
• geotechnical, hydrogeological maemo;
• moo mehaho ea moruo, e ikamahantse le likhohola;
• sebopeho sa naha;
• fumaneha ha mehaho e le boenjiniere ka moroallo thota le mocheng (matamo, litsela, matamo, marokho, intakes, jj ..).

libakeng tse senotlolo bakeng sa bohato tlas'a tšokelo ea likhohola

Ba:

1. Ho hlahloba boemo ba ka mehloli e bonoa a bolela esale pele nako likhohola.
2. Tekolo ya ka tekanyo e menyenyetsi ea likhohola.
3. Ntshetsopeleng ya mehato ya ho thibela.
4. Planning, tshebetso ho lokisetsa pholoso ka naha ea likhohola thweng.
5. Phetha mehato-ba khahlanong le moroallo.

Hangata ka ho fetisisa, maemong ohle ka qeto ea mebuso ea moo ha thehoa moroallo khomishene, chairmen bona hangata ho 1st motlatsi oa Dihlooho tsa Administration.

Komisi moroallo

Ba tlas'a tšokelo ea molapo o sebetsa ka mokgwa wa ho standby. dikhomishene tsena tsamaisa latelang moroallo tšireletso ea:

1. Round ka tlhokomelo oache boemo moroallo ka libaka boikarabelo khomaretse poso sebelisa Roshydromet hlokometse'ng mong.
2. Ho boloka le puisano e sa khaotseng, ho phapanyetsano ea boitsebiso ka Khomishene ya maemo a tshohanyetso, tshebetso mosebetsi oa sechaba ditaelo, tlokotsi.
3. Khanna koetliso ea dihlooho moroallo, mokhatlo o hlophisitsoeng ea koetliso ea batho joang hore ba itšoare, ketso nakong ea moroallo e tlang.
4. Romela litlaleho tse ho ba boholong e phahameng.
5. Tlhakiso, merero bohato khalemelo protivopavodnyh, e thehiloeng ka boemo atileng.
6. E Thehiloe ho qeto ea hlooho ea mokhatlo o hlophisitsoeng oa 'muso ea moo tshwarwa ka mosebetsi ho potoloha oache pholoso boiteko, chelete.
7. Clarifying libakeng tsa phalliso nakoana baahi bao mahae a ne a tletse metsi, a timetsa mokhatlo o hlophisitsoeng oa ea koetliso ea meaho ea sechaba (melangoana, likolo), likampong tsa tente le ntlo evacuees ho tsona.
8. Ntshetswa pele ea ho phonyoha tsela.
9. E fana ka bakeng sa evacuees le tsohle tse hlokahalang.
10. Tšebelisano le 'mele ea sebaka sa Russia Tšebeletso Interior,' muso ea moo ka ho sireletsa thepa, e neng e sebakeng sena tletse metsi.
11. Mokhatlo o hlophisitsoeng oa mosebetsi oache ea tlhokomelo ea liphetoho metsi ka mehloli eohle ea likhohola.
12. Ho kopanela mokhatlo o hlophisitsoeng, detours thepa sebakeng sa Litsela tletse metsi.
13. Taolo ea ba matlafatsa matamo se hahileng obvalivany, kaho ea tse ncha.
14. Mokhatlo o hlophisitsoeng oa, boloka sebelisana le Serussia Lekala la Tšireletso, Lefapha la Litaba Tsa ka hare tsa Russia lihlopha tsa Roshydromet, e All-Russia Koluoa Medicine Service.

Alerting baahi: e le hantle, mekhoa ea phetiso

Ka ntlha e tlatsetsang e emelang ketsahalo tshohanyetso ya tšohile har'a baahi. Noha phello ea maikutlo joalo har'a hlama e khōlō ea baahi ke thata haholo, ba ile ba matlafatsa liphello tse fosahetseng tsa likoluoa.

Ho fokotsa bona, 'me mokhatlo o hlophisitsoeng oa mesebetsi e ikemiseditseng ho mekhoa ea boipheliso ea batho, tsa dibopeho tsa motheo, metsana sa dialamo hlahiswa tšoaetsanoang ka pele,' me tsamaiso ya tsebisa ka tsona.

Hlokomelisa sechaba ka maemo a tshohanyetso - temosong ea lona ka meroallo haufi (litšisinyeho tsa lefatše, mello moru, jj ..), The phetiso ya tlhahisoleseding e mabapi le kotsi eo, tlokotsi. Bakeng sa morero ona, a sebetsa mokhoa oohle o teng ea ka megala lipuisanong-le-moea le thelevishene.

Naheng ya rona ho atile lekana e atlehang kgaso Network. Kgaso diyuniti tse fumanehang ka metse eohle, metse e meholo. Ba fetang halofo ea likhoebo le, mekgatlo ya thuto, 's / s beha dintho tse ba sebakeng seo setsi sa kgaso. Tsena di go tlaleletswa ke tsamaiso e matla ea, lebatowa, litsi paballo ya naha ea sechaba a thelevishene, repeaters, le liteishene ea moo hasoa.

Hlokomelisa sechaba ka maemo a tšohanyetso a hlahisoang ke ha hlajoa mokhosi, dinetweke tseo terata kgaso hasa metsotso 2-3.

Tsa pele ba ne a rerile ho romela pontšo "Hloko tsohle!" Population. pontšo ena e ba mema tlhokomelo batho hore ho hlokahala hore ba mamele ka ho eketsehileng ea motheo, u falimehetse tshohanyetso matšoao bakeng sa ee. Ho nka e seng ho feta metsotsoana e 165.

Bakeng sa morero ona, ho ka sebelisoa le ho tea mololi likoloi indasteri. Hape ho bolela tse atlehang ka haholo tsa alerting sechaba teng ka ntle ho lehae - libui ntle.

Rural Settlement: mehato moroallo tšireletso ea

Fetisisa moroallo inundation, likhohola ka khona ho bolela esale pele, fokotsa tahlehelo ho tswa ho bona. Ena qetellong, e latelang liketsahalo moroallo a lulang mahaeng:

• bōpileng moroallo Komiti tla tšoara matamo, diphororo, batho ba mefuta eohle libetsa bao e seng kotsi;
• E boetse e tsebisa sechaba ka tšokelo e tlang;
• haeba ho hlokahala, le moroallo Komisi deploys boenjiniere bo (ka mohlala, e hahiloeng embankment, cheka metjha e khethehileng drainage, joalo-joalo);
• e lokolisa litsela tsa sebakeng seo.

Kaho: mehato moroallo tšireletso ea

moroallo A ho kenya tshebetsong e pholosa lihlopha tsa pholoso tse sebelisoang, tse hlomelloa le mokhoa oa ho flotation. Ba khanna batla mahlatsipa, ba tšoaroa ka libaka moroallo, a ba fa thuso ea pele, tsoa ka sheshe ba ho libaka tse sireletsehileng. Hona joale ka khona ho bolela esale pele qala ho ea nako moroallo, botho ba hae, 'me joale lokisetsa ea hlokahala mehato precautionary.

le mehato moroallo taolo tsohle ka setšeng sa kaho ba lokela ho fuwa ka ho ba sethaleng moralo oa kaho ea ntho e itseng e khethehileng. Ho haha matamo, ba khethehileng ba nakoana terata jumper bakeng sa tsoela pele kahong ea mehaho e ka sehloohong ka ntlha e itseng. Bakeng sa e mong le e hlooho le batho ka bomong e tsitsitseng sebakeng boikarabelo. Ho tla boela ho phethahatsoa oache go baya leitlho ya mphahamisetsa metsi.

Boholo ba chelete bakeng sa ho itšireletsa ho moroallo e behiloeng ka ho ya ka ya data itseng tsamaisanang le morero bakeng sa ho haha. Boemong bo joalo, haeba u batla ho phetha mehato moroallo taolo ka setšeng sa kaho, le chelete bakeng sa merero ea tsena e tla thehilwe motheong oa likhakanyo theko ea thepa e ka mo porojekeng e.