Geneva Convention: melao-motheo ea ntoa nahanelang

The Geneva Convention ke sete ya tlamang melao ea molao ke re tsohle, ikemiseditse ho tšireletso ea molao bakeng sa mahlatsipa a lintoa tse khōlō le likhohlano ea moo (bobeli tekanyo e machaba, 'me mofuta malapeng). Sena se tokomane ea molao e boetse ke haholo-holo ka e fokolang sete ya mekhoa le mokhoa oa ho ntoa, e thehiloeng maemong a humanism le botho. The Geneva Convention e haholo-holo fetohile ikentseng sehlōhō tsa ntoa, etsa hore ho ho feta tse tsoetseng pele le e nahanelang.

Histori ea tsoelo-pele ea batho, ka kakaretso, re ka ithuta histori ea palo e khōlō ea lintoa tsa tšoaneng likhato tsa pefo le tšollo ea mali. Ke hoo e batlang e ho le thata ho fumana lekholong la lilemo la, bonyane e, ho dispense le matla a hlometseng khanyetso le lichaba. Ke halofo ea bobeli ea lekholo la ea leshome le metso e robong, ha ntoa e qala ho fumana tekanyo e ikhethang, batho ba bangata le sehlōhō, ha saense symbiosis le tsoelo-pele ea theknoloji neng ba se ba le boemong ba ho fana ka barbarism la sesole la lisebelisoa ripitlang, ho na le tlhokahalo e potlakileng ho hloma tokomane bohlokoa joalo ea molao e le Geneva Convention. E streamlined kamano e pakeng tsa mekga e utloisisane morago ga moo e le fokolitse palo ea mahlatsipa sechaba.

Geneva Convention ka 1864, e ile ea pele tokomane joalo historing, o ne a e boleng e ikhethang hore larileng ka ka ha e le hantle hore o ne a eme ka tumellano dikamahano bulehileng ho kamohelo boithaopo ke linaha tsohle. Tokomane ena e nyane e entsoeng feela e leshome lihloohong tsena o ile a qala ho pholletsa le molao konteraka ea ntoa, 'me re puso ea botho le tsa molao ka tlhaloso bona ea kajeno.

Lilemo tse peli hamorao pele Geneva Convention e ile ea tšoareloa, haeba ke 'na ba re ho joalo, ka kolobetso ea mollo ka battlefields ea ho Austro-Prussian Ntoa. Prussia, eo ke e 'ngoe ea pele ho go baakanya diphoso tsa hona selekane seo, o latelwang litokisetso tsa lona. The Prussian Army ne lipetlele hlomeletsoe hantle e le Cross le Lefubelu e ne e le kamehla ho na le moo ho hlokahalang thuso ea hae. E mong e ne e le boemo bo ka tlosoa kampong eo hanyetsang '. Austria e seng saenetseng ho kopano, feela lahlela lemalitsoeng bona ka lebaleng la ntoa.

Ka morero oa ho Likhatiso e ileng ea latela oa selekane sena ba machaba, e thehiloeng phihlelong ea lintoa tse fetileng, e ne e le tšireletso e seng feela ea litokelo tsa batšoaruoa ba ntoa, empa hape batho ba sa ameha ka ho toba ka ntoa (baahi le bahlanka ba bolumeli, basebetsi ba lefapha la bongaka le), hammoho le ho robeheloa ke sekepe, kula, maqeba, ho sa tsotellehe tseo tsa mekga e loanang ba e matleng a hae ho etsa joalo. Itseng sepheo sa kang lipetlele, ambulances le mekhatlo e sa tšoaneng ea lehae haholo, ba sirelelitsoe ke lihlooho tshwanelanang ea Geneva Convention le ke ke hlasela kapa ba e lebaleng la boithabiso ntoeng.

Sena normative tokomane ea machaba e boetse e hlalosa mekhoa e thibetsoe tsa ntoa. Ka ho khetheha, ho e sa lumelloa ho sebelisa baahi merero ea sesole, o hanela ho sebelisa likokoana-hloko le libetsa tsa lik'hemik'hale, -ba khahlanong le basebetsi merafong. Tebileng moelelo oa Geneva Convention ke ho leka ho etsa bonnete ba ho leka-lekana le kahlolo e molemo pakeng tsa hlokahala hore sesole le e etsoang ka maqiti ka lehlakoreng le leng 'me moloko oa batho ka tse ling. Le fetola sebopeho sa referense eo le ho pharalla ha ntoa ho nang le tlhokahalo ea khatiso e ncha ea Geneva Convention. Ka mohlala, ho ea ka lipalo-palo tsa tse lekholo tse fetileng, a le mong mahlatsipa lekholo tsa nakong ea ntoa le mashome a robeli a metso e mehlano ba baahi. Ka ho khetheha ena e sebetsa ho ntoa bloodiest historing - World Ntoa ea II, ha hoo e ka bang mong le e mong State, ho ba le seabo ho eona, e seng feela hataketse dipehelo tsa Geneva Convention, empa hape melao-motheo eohle nahanoang tsa boitšoaro ba bokahohleng.

The a mane Geneva Likopano tsa 1949, tse peli diprothokholo tlatsetso ea 1977, ba bulky le litokomane multipage tse bokahohleng. Ba saennweng linaha 188 tsa lefatše. Re lokela ho hlokomela hore likopano mantsoe li tlama linaha tsohle, esita le ho batho bao e seng karolo.