Bao e seng narcotic le narcotic analgesics: mochine ea nkang khato le kopo

Analgesics - sena se bolela hore fokolisa kapa tlosa boikutlo ba bohloko ha lula ka ilibana le mefuta e meng e hlokolosi. bohloko Physiologically le hlaha ka lebaka la nyakallo e le bitsoa nociceptors, tse localized ka letlalo, lera la mucous le lera la serous, le ka le tsona ka botenya ba makala a sa tšoaneng le tsamaiso ea. receptors bohloko ba thabile ke 'meleng (phetha molao, mogote, motlakase, joalo-joalo) le exogenous lik'hemik'hale (acid, makalana, tšepe letsoai boima, phenol, joalo-joalo) le lintlha e se nang sesosa protheine tlhaho (histamine, serotonin, bradykinin).

Kahoo, bohloko ke mochine fisioloji ea liponahatso subjective ya imbalance 'meleng, ka hona, ke ho sireletsa. Empa matla ka ho fetisisa le e tšoarellang halelele bohloko ke pathological, ha e ntse e depletes 'mele, ho kena-kenana le mosebetsi wa litho tse ea bohlokoa' me e ka esita le etsa hore lefu ho tloha makala. Ho ea ka pono ena, sehlopha analgesics leng oa bohlokoa haholo e sebetsang, 'me tsa histori ke phihlello e khōlō ea moloko oa batho.

Fokotsa kapa ho emisa bohloko e ka ba litsela tse sa tšoaneng. The atlehang ka ho fetisisa le tse khōlō - ho tlosa sesosa, e, ka bomalimabe, hase kamehla ho ho khoneha, hobane ho na le hase kamehla khona ho ka potlako ho hlwaya eona. Ka lebaka leo, hangata e e na ho nakoana bolaea bohloko sebelisa medicaments tsa lihlopha tse sa tšoaneng diokobatsi. Bakeng sa morero ona e mong ka sebelisa lithethefatsi, thethefatsa moo, cholinolytic, spasmolytics, anticonvulsants, astringents, chalametse ho bolela.

Mofuta wa tsamaiso ea methapo e bohareng, ka tšimoloho le lik'hemik'hale mofuta analgesics li arotsoe ka lihlopha tse peli: narcotic le batho bao e seng narcotic.

Narcotic analgesics - ke matekoane le lithethefatsi hore ba le phello e tšoanang. Di tšoauoa ka holim'a tsohle, le liphello tse ikhethang ka tsamaiso ea methapo e bohareng. Bontša le phello analgesic, haholo-holo maemong a bao e seng a hlabang (ha ho sithabela bohlokoa, lihlahala tse kotsi). Opioids sesosa pheta tsamaiso ka bakuli ba ho itšetleha kelello le 'mele. Lithethefatsi sehlopheng sena e ile ea eketseha bohloko monyako nahanela. lingaka joalo ho laela analgesics ho rarolla utloe bohloko bo boholo ka ho ba teng ha chesa, likotsi, joalo-joalo Hape, lithethefatsi tsena li ka ba ba laela hore bakuli ba neoplasms unresectable bolaeang. analgesics Narcotic bebofatsa boemo kelello ea mokuli. lithethefatsi tsena ha lia lokela ho sebelisoa matsatsi a fetang a mararo kapa a mane, ho seng joalo ha ho lemalla, 'me batho ba lemalla.

analgesics Narcotic (matekoane) e na le alkaloids fetang 30 'me lintho tse ling, tse akarelletsang lik'habohaedreite, lihaha-'mele, lipids, mucus, matsoai matsoai, joalo-joalo Matekoane e na le tse ngata morphine e (ka 12%), narcotine (10%), codeine (3-5%) le papeverina (1%).

Narcotic analgesics: lithethefatsi ho fetisisa ratoa

Har'a phello narcotic bolela bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa ke morphine e hydrochloride, codeine phosphate, matekoane tlhotla omileng, ethylmorphine hydrochloride (dionin), tincture ea matekoane e bonolo, promedol, omnopon et al a.

analgesics bao e seng narcotic - ke chelete e bontša analgesic le antipyretic le phello antivovospalitelnoe. Ho fapana le ea lithethefatsi, ba fokotsa kapa imolla bohloko amanang le dithulaganyo hlabang ka manonyello a, lesapo, mesifa le lisele tse ling tse (neuralgia, mesifa le articular bli, rheumatic, diso meno, joalo-joalo). Sena se bontša hore ka lebaka la analgesia ke-ba khahlanong le a hlabang sebediswa. Ho phaella moo, analgesics bao e seng narcotic se bakela le phello hypnotic le nyakallo, u se ke ua hatella ea khohlela, le litsing tsa ho hema.

Haholo. bohlokwa e sebetsang ke phello antipyretic tsa analgesics bao e seng narcotic. E o tsejoa hore eketseha mocheso oa 'mele ka mafu a loketseng hore a nke khato ho ba dintho pyrogenic (lihlahisoa tsa hydrolysates protheine, -amino acid, acid nucleic, likokoana-hloko tse chefo, joalo-joalo) ka interoreceptors hore fetisetsa nyakallo ho setsi sa thermoregulatory. Thabile setsi thermoregulation, ho fetola le matla dithulaganyo mocheso tlhahiso le phetiso mocheso, e khothalletsa 'mele hyperthermia e na le bohlokoa ho sireletsa. Leha ho le joalo, maemong a mang hyperthermia a ka fihla boemong ba kotsi bakeng sa bophelo ba 'mele,' me a ho sireletsa tsa botho ba hae fetoha pathological. Maemong a joalo ho ke ke bohlale ho sebelisa antipyretics.

Bao e seng narcotic analgesics: tlhophiso

Ho nahana ka sebōpeho sa lithethefatsi lik'hemik'hale li arotsoe ka lihlopha tse 'maloa: derivatives ea acid e salicylic (methylene salicylate, acetylsalicylic acid e kapa aspirini), pyrazolone (analgin, phenylbutazone, phenazone), le para-aminophenol (acetaminophen), indole acid acetic (indomethacin), acid e propionic (naproxen, ketoprofen), acid anthranilic (acid e mefenamic le flufenamic) pirrolizinkarboksilovoy acid e (ketorolac).

Lilemong tsa morao tjena, re 'nile ra fana ka sehlopha se seng sa dipilisi - bao e seng steroidal analgesics. Mokhoa ho fetisisa ratoa tsa sehlopha sena ke tsena: piroxicam, diclofenac, indomethacin. mochine oa bona oa ketso e kenyeletsa thibela ho tswakana tsa potlakisang tsebetso ea lik'hemik'hale le - cyclooxygenase. potlakisang tsebetso ea lik'hemik'hale Sena se etsa sebopeho sa prostaglandins - mediators ka sehloohong ea bohloko le itšoare ka a hlabang. Hape, kabo ya chelete tsena thibela bradykinin, eo e amehang tabeng ea ho ka ketsahalo e le kabo ya bohloko le ho ruruha.