The khale oli ea tšimo Russia le tšepo ea e ntjha

Karolo e phethoang ke oli ka moruo le lipolotiki e ile ea fetoha moeta-pele ka lilemo tse lekholo li XX, e le kgolo ya tshebediso ya derivatives lona. Ho ntshetsa pele le sebelisoa tsa litonanahali tsa dienjini combustion e ka hare haholo eketseha tshebediso ya oli ea mafura, parafine, peterole le solyarovogo mafura le ho sebelisa likaroloana tsa "oli" ka lik'hemik'hale feedstock bakeng sa tlhahiso ea dipolasetiki ka 50s bōptjoa boemong bo eo dinaheng liindasteri sitoa ho laola ntle hydrocarbons.

E mong le e tšimo oli Russia e na le histori e otlolla morao ka linako tse ling feela tse peli kapa tse tharo le lilemo tse mashome, 'me ka linako tse ling lilemong tse makholo tse lekanngoa. Di Mendeleyev, foreseeing karolo e khōlō ea indasteri lik'hemik'hale e, lilemong tsa XIX mong ka tsela ea boprofeta ho bapisoa tukang ena tse bonahalang tsa bohlokoa e tala ka sebopi le ha a leka ho mofuthu nyoloha a tsoa ka lelakabe tukang banknotes. Itšireletsa boleng hydrocarbon bontšoa ke se na puo ea tšoantšetso tlase itlhalosang - ". Mali a ntoa"

The khale oli ea tšimo Russia teng e North Caucasus, e epilwe mona bakeng sa lilemo tse fetang lekholo halofo. Ka lebaka la ho jwalo tshebetso tsa nako e telele le dikarolo hampe ntshetswa pele, 'me ha thehoa pakeng tsa le dikarolo tebileng lebaka la voids li tletse ka metsi. Leha ho le joalo, Rostov sebakeng, Dagestan, North Ossetia, Kabardino-Balkaria, Ingushetia le Chechnya, le Stavropol le Krasnodar sebakeng tse tlatsetsang meqolo ea hydrocarbons.

Matsapa ea ho hōla liindasteri tse ileng tsa etsahala qalong ea XX lekholong la lilemo la ile sa etsa hore ka matla o fana ka tlhahiso ea sebakeng Volga-Ural. Ena ea tšimo oli Russia ke ho fetisisa o ile a ithuta, empa e le Caucasian, e sebetsa bakeng sa nako e telele. Tatarstan, Bashkortostan, Samara sebakeng le libakeng tse ling tsa Europe e leng tsa bohlokoa, ho sa tsotellehe meqolo fokolang ea thepa e ntšitsoeng tala. boleng bona - ka e loketseng libaka boemong ba tse tla etsa hore ditjeo e nyenyane lipalangoang le boleng bo phahameng, le tlaase dikahare sebabole ikemiselitse le paraffins.

Early 60-ogy ea XX lekholong la lilemo la, o ile a hlokomela ntshetsopeleng e potlakileng ea tsona Bophirimela Siberia. Nizhnevartovsk, Surgut, Kholmogorskoye, Ust-Balik ba litsi tse khōlō tsa tlhahiso ea hydrocarbons.

Kahoo, 90% ya tlhahiso hydrocarbon entseng hore ho masimo a kgolo oli Russia, e leng ka Bophirimela Siberia (67%) le Volga-Ural sebakeng (25%).

Tsepisa hona joale ba raka, athe Kara libaka Barents, Caspian le Okhotsk, le domain name Polar. Buka e ikhethang ka ho tsoma "oli boima" e entsoeng tlasa Usinsk, moo ea tšimo Timan-Pechora.

Russia oli ngata, e le tlhahiso ea hae, naheng ea habo rōna ae phethang sebaka botšelela lefatšeng. Leha ho le joalo, taba ea hore lilemong tsa morao tjena mosebetsi Geological etsoa libakeng tse thata le tse ka thōko moo meepo ke mathata ka lebaka la ho maemo a thata a leholimo, 'me ho tsamaisa morago ga moo e hloka ho hahoa lipeipi telele, o ile a re ho eketseha mohlomong lokela ho lebeletsoe.

limmaraka tsepisa kenyeletsa linaha tsa Asia Boroa-bochabela, moo ka lilemo tse mashome tsa morao tjena bone keketseho bohlokoa ka tlhahiso ea liindasteri. Kaho ea lipeipi e etsoa ka tataiso ea Pacific, e tla amahanya China le East Siberia tšimo oli Russia. methapo Map hydrocarbon e-ba ea ho feta se makala a. Ba otlolle ka bochabela le e ka bophirimela, empa e rekiswa oli haholo-holo a sa jese litheohelang. Sebetsana e entseng naheng e 'ngoe le phaello e tsoang ho liindasteri theknolojing rarahaneng li beha ka litlaleho tse tsoang linaheng tse ling ba mekhatlo e liindasteri. Seo a ka se se etsa?

tsela e 'ngoe feela ho tsoa: ho nka sebaka sa diyantle bakeng sa lihlahisoa tse tala ho tsoa ho rekisa ya sehlahiswa lebetsoeng le keketso boleng. Ntshetsopeleng ya ipatlele indasteri ya rona lik'hemik'hale ho e lokisa - ena ke tsela e ke keng ea qojoa ho e fumantsa tshebediso kwalwang ea lirafshoa li futsitseng ho baholo-holo ba rōna.