T-72: libopeho le lifoto. T-72 "Ural" - ka sehloohong ntoeng e khahlanong tanka USSR

Esita le pele ho hlahisa seriale ea T-62 ditanka, ka moqapi sehloohong L. N. Kartsevym Ural kariki dimela ile sisintsweng ho ntlafatsa ea mohlala ka ho beha e le enjene e ncha, tse matla haholoanyane, 'me ho feta pele-sheba cheisi. Ho ne ho bonahala e le T-72 tanka. litšobotsi tse koloi o ile a re e le kgolo armored koloi.

A histori hanyane

Lehlabuleng la 1961 pele likopi tse peli tsa litanka ho ile ha hahoa, 'me ba ne ba lekoa ka mokgwa wa ho potlakisa - pele ho dimela, ka nako eo ka sebakeng seo. Sepheo fapane modernize, empa ho sa tsotellehe melemo ea eona tsohle, semela e se fumaneng tumello ya semmuso ya tlhahiso ya tanka e ncha. Selemo le selemo, ka ho ea mohlala e entsoeng liphetoho tse itseng:

1. Pele ho ne ho nahanoa basesisi ba T-72 tanka, e ne e ena le tse tharo - molaoli, gunner le mokhanni.
2. tanka eo e ile ea a hlomelloa le sethunya autoloaders le lihlomo tsa tšireletso ea sekemeng thehiloeng Sri tšepe.
3. Cheisi dikai rerile bekha se boima ba lithane tse fetang 40.

Empa liphetoho tsena li se e nkiloe, tse peli feela gearboxes lehlakoreng neng ba setse.

moralo Features tanka

T-72 - tanka, tšoauoa kaho classic, ha lebotho la karohano e teng ka karolo e ka morao ea. Management lebisitse karolong pele ea koloi, mona ba sebakeng sa tanka mafura, le tanka-rack poleiti taolo disebedisweng tse ding tsa mokhanni, thepa ea motlakase.

Branch taolo e kenyeletsa setulo phetha molao, e leng laolang ea tanka T-72. Holimo setulo sa ho khanna ho na le qhotsoa. The poleiti ka lihlomo tsa hlomamisa sesebediswa e lumellang ho hlokomela boemo boo. mokhanni eo a lulang le ha e khanna hore moralo judicious tsa litulo tse tlase ea tanka.

loana lekareche

Basesisi ba lekareche ka tanka e setseng ka bohareng ba vela le turret, e leng e aroloa ho ea pakete matla ka dia khethehileng. Hantle ho nahana ka ho tsoa moralo dumella mokhatlo oa bonolo ya ditho basesisi liofising liofisi. Matšeliso le ergonomics - phapang e khōlō, e leng se ka ithorise ba T-72 tanka. Bath ka eena e le ntoa sejana e boetse ke e tsotehang:

1. tanka nkile le smoothbore sethunya tora 125 limilimithara, ho lefisa mochini le taolo mollo liletsa.
2. Se nepahetseng le se sethunya sa nkile le molaoli le gunner lula ka ho le letšehali.
3. Ka sethunya ka lehlakoreng le letona ho na le ke PKT morathatha, 'me ka holimo ho thehiloe spacers botlaaseng phala-rangefinder pono.
4. Mosebetsing molaoli thepa motle: ho na le motlakase morathatha stopper, tanka paatsepama tataiso, seea-le-, e sethusathuto khethehileng, eo ka eona le ka ntle ho e amana lulisa soketeng, ea masokoana drive ya molaoli oa tora.
5. molaoli oa tora e koahetsoeng ka le sekoahelo poleiti torsion bareng.
6. cupola molaoli e hlomelloa le disebediswa tsa ho hlokomela ba babeli TNP-160 le laelang sesebediswa TKN-3.

The lekareche loana e hape a hlomelloa ka liletsa le mekgwa e netefatsa boiketlo tsa tšebeliso ea tanka.

matla pakete

Karolo aft na le lebotho la karohano. Engine tanka T-72 e teng ka lehlakoreng le boema-kepe, 'me pakeng tsa bona ke dia bakeng sa dilenaneo Cooling tsamaiso, ho filtara oli, e phunyang ikutloe tanka. Ka lehlakoreng le letona mounted moea purifier. The matlo na le fepa ka lakane, moo tsamaiso Cooling leng hona teng. E boetse e hlometse ka matla a eketsehileng ho arohana le tanka ka sehloohong oli, eo kenya letsoho hore ho enjene setlolo. Matla ofisi koaloa sekwahelo. Tshebediso ya Fuel tanka T-72 100 km le tsela e latelang:

• ha a khanna ka lebaka - L 260-450;
• litseleng katoa - 240 k.

'mele Features

E mong oa ditanka ho fetisisa ratoa tsa Soviet Union - T-72 tanka. Bath ho oona e le ntoa e ne e tla ba ea fella haeba ho se hlalosa likarolo tsa 'mele. The matlo ya ea mohlala ona - ho nyeoe thata, e le hore ba welded lipoleiti lihlomo. Mona ho nko kabelo ba lokisetsa, fepa ka lehlakoreng le, ka tlaase, mabota le ventilation ya metsamao ya mmele le marulelo a sa pakete matla.

Tse tobileng lakane - e multilayer mokoallo le likarolo tse ngata tsa tšepe le fiberglass, e botenya ba tsona e fana ka qhoaele manganga barbotage. mahlakoreng tsa 'mele li matlafatsoa ke poleiti lihlomo paatsepama, karolong e bohareng ba eketswa ke hlobolisa sireletsang. morero oa tsona - ho eketsa molumo ka hare tsa kampetsoeng le kenya ka tora bona. Pherimitha lohle la mahlakoreng ke welded ka masakaneng, tse mounted ka ba lebidi la setereng.

T-72 - ka e ratoang Union tanka eo e bululetsoeng tlhompho e lefatšeng ka bophara. Fepa matlo lona ke oa lihlomo tsa poleiti e matla. E le tšireletso ea mounted Fan e makatsa. Ke volute hlomelloa ka ntshuwang pele le ka lehlakoreng lipoleiti. The matlo na le Fan Cooling, 'me morero o ka sehloohong oa, partitions - hlophisa phallo ea moea. mahlakoreng a tanka eketswa le mose ho ba le bokima jwa 3 limilimithara me o entsoe ka motsoako aluminium. Ho boloka puso ea tanka ha e khanna ka sebaka thata, e hlahang lifiliming ka kenngoa ka boemo stowed - pele ho laela hore ba mahlakoreng a flaps lerōle. Ha T-72 ntoeng, lithebe le lerole le ka malala pele a sa le hlaha ka lehlakoreng le ya likhato tse 60.

Joang tora?

Sebelisoa ho bopa e ho tswa ho e bopehileng foromeletsoeng lihlomo tsa tšepe, ho e welded tlhōrōng ea marulelong le hlooho eo sireletsa botlaaseng phala-mahlong rangefinder. Tower fapaneng sebopeho monolithic, ao ho 'ona leboteng botenya fapana. Karolo e ka pele e hlomeletsoeng ka porthole moo sethunya e hlomamisa, lehlakoreng le holim'a metsi - marameng selikalikoe, e leng ke tsa bohlokoa bakeng sa dipeeletsa ba khetla.

Tokelo ea sethunya sa fana ka bakeng sa embrasures e coaxial morathatha. E tlohetse sethunya bracket, ao ho 'ona ho illuminator e mounted bosiu pono hammoho le phaephe e, eo ka eona e fepa ho sethunya motlakase actuator. Halofo ea le letšehali la marulelo qhotsoa o botlaaseng, moo gunner e leng hona teng. Tower le manakana a potolohang mochine haeteroliki le pukwanana. All ena distinguishes e T-72 tanka, eo karolo e lumella ho atamela ba fihlela qeto e mabapi le litšoaneleho tsa ntoa tsa makoloi le armored.

tanka libetsa

turret hlomelloa ka smoothbore sethunya D-81TM, e di behuwe ka bobedi ka sethunya, 'me ba ile ba ba le tsitsisoa lifofane tse peli tataiso. Moqomo oa sethunya - e tube, eo e amana le sleeve kenapa, e mochine breech le e phallang. O, le eena, e na le nozzles tšeletseng. sethunya shatara fapaneng seka-jarolla ka ho iketsa Mokhoa oa tshebetso. A betsa fapaneng ya tanka T-72 e tjena:

• ha a betsa lihlomo tsa ho phunya projectiles, 'me sebaka se cumulative ke 4000 limithara;
• ha u sebelisa likhetla phahameng-phatloha boleng lona fihla le 5000 limithara;
• ha thunya bosiu hoa lekana le 800 m ';
• ha likhetla tse thunya le boemong ba lateral sebelisa likhetla phahameng-phatloha, a betsa mengata e fapaneng ka fihla 9400 m.

Re lokela ho hlokomela hore ho tjhaja jarolla ka ho iketsa ea fapaneng ntoa sethunya sekhahla a betsa ho garela 8 ka motsotso, le tjhaja pukwanana ya - Shots 1-2 ka motsotso.

A betsa fapaneng ya T-72 fanoe stereoscopic monographic mahlong-rangefinder hlomelloa le tlatsetso ikemetseng tsitsisoa tsa naha tse bonwang. Sebelisa mahlong shebiloeng hole lekanngoa ka mefuta e fapaneng 1000-4000 limithara ka ho nepahala ea liphesente tse 3-5. Ha a betsa e khanna bosiu, e khethehileng bosiu pono le mabone e le e thehiloeng filtara Ire.

Molaoli Tower e hlomelloa le lithunya-ba khahlanong le sefofane, e leng lumella u ho fula liphofu moea le fatše. Tabeng ea T-72 la TTX tanka latelang: ka distal liphofu moea a betsa e tšoareloa e leng sebaka sa 1500, m, ho fatše - ho fihlela ho 2000 limithara antiaircraft tanka tlhomamiso e kenyeletsa :.

• morathatha NSV 12.7 mo limilimithara;
• belehoa ka sesebediswa monahano o;
• -ba khahlanong le lifofane mahlong;
• sebetsana le, e le hore seletsa otlolohileng tsekaletse le fehlang;
• reka likhetla;
• go lekalekanyo mochine.

likhetla senotlolo

E mong oa matla ka ho fetisisa armored loana Russia oa nako eohle - ea T-72. Armament a qala ho garela latelang:

• automaton AKMS 7,62 limilimithara;
• lipistolo pontšo;
• 10 letsoho liqhomane.

The tanka e na le tse peli tse-sefofane stabilizer sikiloe electrohydraulic, e leng e ho kopantswe le e Optical mahlong-rangefinder. Maikemisetso se ka sehloohong sa rarahaneng ena ke:

1. boloka ka tsela e iketsang e sethunya le morathatha ba maemong a itseng nakong ea motsamao oa tanka.
2. Ho susumelletsa sethunya tsitsisoa le sethunya ka thelelo ho fetola lebelo tataiso.
3. Ho hlaola unstabilized sethunya ka sefofane tshekaletseng.
4. Bopa tobisitsweng ho ba molaoli oa tanka ho gunner ena.
5. Emergency potoloha tora ea mokhanni.

Ka stabilizer faneng angular lebelo, e leng o susumetsoa ke sethunya fehlang ka mokgwa wa jarolla ka ho iketsa. Ka lehlakoreng la tanka liqhomane - 39 Shots tsa sethunya sa, 2000 garela tsa mahlaahlela bakeng sa morathatha PKT, garela 300 ea liqhomane tsa mochine, khatriji 12 bakeng sa sethunya pontšo le garela 300 ea liqhomane tsa-ba khahlanong le lifofane sethunya mochine.

Features tjhaja

Ka T-72 na le mefuta e fapaneng ya electromechanical, eo ka tsela e iketsang o file ea sethunya. Ho na le ka conveyor le manakana a potolohang, ho phahamisa mochine cassettes, pallets tloswa mochine play loading molamu, dynamoelectric stopper sethunya, karete ya memori le unit trust taolo.

USSR ea ntoeng tanka a hlomelloa ka conveyor le manakana a potolohang e mounted ka foreime mochine 'me e akarelletsa le foreimi e, e electromechanical actuator sekoahelo, koalang ho aba mochine leqhama lifensetere, ho stopper' me letsoho la ka koloi. Ka foreime 22 behoa cassettes, a ke tiileng welded kaho. theipi e welded le liphaephe tse peli lokela ho amohela mefuta e fapaneng ya Shots.

Features ya dimela matla

Sethusathuto tanka T-72 e fana ka maikutlo ho ba teng ha ka powerplant fetotsoeng. Ke enjene disele le 780 horsepower, e leng e eketswa le tsamaiso mokelikeli tsidifatso le drive centrifugal supercharger. Engine bekha 980 lik'hilograma, e hlomamisa ka seteishene sa matla. Multi-mafura enjene ka matha ka Brands e fapaneng ya disele, peterole le parafine. Empa mafura ka sehloohong - disele. matla a tanka enjene e comprised la 4, 屋内 le 5 ditanka ntle mafura.

Ho sireletsa moea e hloekileng eo kena diselennere la enjene, tanka ba boetse ba nkile le peli sethaleng moea hloekile hore tlosa lerōle la ho mokelli lerōle. Tlhoekiso e etsoa ka lipotoloho tse 'maloa,' me ka nako eo o ile a hloekisa ka bang liphesente tse 99,8 moea kena enjene.

The sethusathuto ea T-72 e fana ka maikutlo ho ba teng ha selogetsi le tsamaiso Cooling. Tsamaiso ea setlolo e e potoloha 'me li kopane, le Cooling oona tsamaisong - mokelikeli le ho o tiisa, e eketswa ke ajoa o qobelloang. The khethehileng futhumatsang tsamaiso e khopo oa iphuthumatsa fihlela enjene le lula tsamaiso ea lona pele lonthja.

Tanka T-72 a hlomelloa le phetiso ea buka le taolo ya haeteroliki akarelletsa le katara le dikgaso tse peli. Katara bitsoa Gear reducer hore fetisetsa torque ho phetiso ya.

Cheisi le thepa

Combat boima ba T-72 ke lithane tse 44,5, ha undercarriage - ka bang yahoo bi tse tsheletseng rubberized rollers 'me tse tharo uni-directional rolara, ka morao ka koloi lebili tokisetsong ena, ho ba lebidi la setereng ka mochine crank. The tanka na motho torsion fanyeha, e leng eketsa ea haeteroliki absorbers tšoha le a tšeletseng a rollers tšehetso. Larvae na diyuniti nyenyane le palo ea seeta 97 ho eona.

Ya disebediswa tsa ho eketsehileng ka tanka ka ho hlokomela, le seea-le- sesebediswa puisano, e reretsoeng ho ba entseng lipeeletso tse 'nè. Seteisheneng-le-moea o sebetsang ka transceiver le fono e le mobile, ho fana ka le sa buisane mefuta e fapaneng ya ho fihlela ho 20 km SE. The transceiver 1261 o sebetsang ka maqhubu a ho sebetsa, phetiso pontšo le baeti ba fihlelang ho li tšoaroa ka maqhubu a tloaelehileng.

tsamaiso ea sireletsang

Ho sa tsotellehe 'nete ea hore boima ba' mele ea T-72 e ne e le e tsotehang, e ile a hlomelloa le tsamaiso ea eketsehileng hore o ile a sireletsa libetsa armored koloi ea ripitlang batho ba bangata. Systems ka sireletsa tanka le thepa tsa sona tsa ho tswa ho e tsokoang makala, mahlaseli tswa phatloha nyutlelie, ho etsa bonnete ba polokeho ya basebetsi ha a pepesa ho mahlahana a nang le chefo e, kapa libetsa tsa likokoana-hloko.

pululo tšireletso ea etsoa e majabajaba lihlomo, hammoho le boleng bo phahameng tiisoa. Ka hare tanka, e khethehileng e ka tšeptjoang lintho tse bonahalang, le ea le loanelang lekareche le lekareche khanna e sireletsehile tiisitsoe. tsamaiso ea tsireletso ea hae o sebeletsa e le khanya le molumo alamo, le laola mahlaseli boemo ba redundancy hara khatello ea tanka le ho ba teng ha dintho tse chefo ka ntle ya yona.

Mollo timang System ke lik'hontheinara tse tharo-litha e le nngwe tse tlala extinguishant le hape lipeipi tse tharo, e leng amahanya diselennere le makala a, 'me e hlahlobang robong mocheso. A tsamaiso e khopo e khethehileng ya bohato ka makhetlo-khetlo o sebeletsa e le tšireletso ea ka tšeptjoang ho tloha mosing. Ho matha ka mafura disele.

Ya thepa tanka eketsehileng T-72 ka ho builoeng tsamaiso e khopo bakeng sa ho khanna ka tlas'a metsi, e leng lumella ho hlōla litšitiso ka botebo metsi of 5 limithara le bophara ba ho fihlela ho 1000 m. The sebōpeho sa sesebediswa sena e boetse e akarelletsa lifejackets masken etselitsoeng litho tsohle basebetsi.

Diphetolo tanka T-72

lilemo tse 'ohle a tanka ho lokolloa ile hlahiswa robeli dikai mantlha: T-72, T-72M le T-72M1, T-72C le mefuta e sa tsoaneng tsa bona. Ho phaella moo, o ka mafolofolo rekiswa naheng e 'ngoe linaheng tse kang Czechoslovakia, Poland, Jeremane Bochabela, Hungary le Bulgaria. E le tsa 2007, likoloi tsena armored ba ne ba le tšebeletso ea linaheng tse ngata - Algeria, Vietnam, Libya, Macedonia, Kyrgyzstan, 'me ba bang ba bangata. Tanka T-72 o ne a sebelisoa haholo linaheng tse ngata e le motheo bakeng sa palo e kholo ea boenjiniere le, e khethehileng le sesole likoloi.

T-72 - ke tanka Ural hore o nako e telele e ho nkoa e mong oa matla ka ho fetisisa le e ka tšeptjoang, e seng feela ka USSR empa hape lefatšeng. Version ntlafatswa ntse e ya hlahiswa linaheng tse ngata, ha ba lula ba ntlafatsa tsamaiso ea taolo le thepa matla.