T-55: tobileng botekgeniki, difoto le histori ea

Union tanka T-55 ke ka mokhoa oa thekiso fumaneha ho tloha ka 1958 ho 1979. Ke mohlahlami oa ho ntoa koloi T-54, empa fetang ka litsela tse ngata. Ea mohlala e ncha e na le ophthalmogyric matla le ho feta (qheletseng ea eketseha ka tse 60 horsepower). Ntlafatswa enjene tanka T-55 eketsa maneuverability. Movement lebelo holim'a sebaka kaba hape e ile ea eketseha.

modernization ho eketsehileng

Ke jwa ne a ena le mosebetsi o - ka e le hang ha ho khoneha ho bopa phetolelo ea tanka le bokgoni phahameng ntoa. Ka ntlafatso ka ho eketsehileng ka matlo litanka tse eketsehileng, liraka ne hlomamisa, ka tsela eo haholo e ile ea eketseha mafura a pokello. Mahlaahlela sethunya ka sehloohong e ile ea eketseha ho tloha Shots 34 ho 43. Ho ena le ho fana ka litanka tsa moea o ile a sebelisa ha ho qala enjene, konpresser e hlomamisa. The turret na novelty mong ka nako eo - oona tsamaisong jarolla ka ho iketsa sprinkler "Rosa", e leng ha e be lelakabe hlobotse hang-hang fumana mohloli oa mollo le tima laela jete ea mollo leifo.

mahlaseli

Empa ntlafatso bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa e ne e le ho hlongoa Nyutlelie, tsamaiso tshireletso le sete ya Geiger dibadi lokisa boemo ba X-ray. Ea le loanelang bokgoni ba tanka ha aa ka a utloa bohloko nakong ea tlhaselo ea mahlaseli ts'ebetsong, empa basesisi ba ne ba lahlehetsoe ke matla a 'meleng ho phetha mesebetsi ea lona. From nahanelwa tsena tora T-55 ile screened hare dimojule khethehileng ea lipoleiti etella pele embodying sa gamma mahlaseli.

Anti-lifofane, matsoho tse nyenyane

Sireletsa ntoa koloi hlokang e akaretsang, ho akarelletsa le litlhaselong tsoang holimo. Leha ho le joalo, ka ntle ho libetsa tsa tse nyenyane e ile ea felisoa ka kamehla-ba khahlanong le lifofane morathatha cha DShKM tlas'a lifofane eketsehileng sesole lebelo siiloe ke nako 'me ea e-ba thuso tšobotsi. Leha ho le joalo, lilemo tse leshome ka mor'a moo, ha helikopthara gunships, a phethang-ba khahlanong le bomo, ho sethunya ile ba khutla. Nsete mechine fofela tlaase, 'me thunya ho theosa le bomber mata e ne e se thata.

A histori hanyane

A e tletseng tekanyo e boima tlhahiso ea T-55 ditanka ne malala ka USSR ka 1958 ka dimela tshireletso nomoro 75, nomoro ya 174 le nomoro 183. Taba e ile ea nka ho fihlela ka 1979. Feela theohileng ka conveyor la likoloi ka bang likete tse mashome a mabeli. T-55 tanka, e leng e beha photo photo photo photo ka leqepheng la, ba ho pharaletseng romeloa linaheng tse ling. Morao-rao ntoa mochini oa Soviet proizvodnje ikemiselitse ho reka linaheng tsohle tse ka Warsaw Pact, hammoho le e bolela Arab.

E atlehang mahareng tanka T-55, ka ntle ho Soviet Union ba ile ba qala ho etsa ba bang ba linaheng tse ling ba botsoalle ho Soviet Union. taba e ile ea lula Poland, ka nako ea ho tloha ka 1964 ho 1978, bokella diyuniti 1.500. Romania, ho tloha ka 1970 ho 1977 - 400 likoloi ntoa. Ka Czechoslovakia, 1700 diyuniti ne hlahiswa ka semela ka Martin, ho tloha ka 1964 ho 1973 tlas'a lakesense.

T-55: litšobotsi tse

Ea mohlala T-55 ne tšoana haholo le pele ho eena lona T-54, e tsejoa e le boemo bo phahameng ba kopanngoa ha likarolo a qenehela, diyuniti le diyuniti ka bomong. The mefuta e fapaneng ya tshireletso lintho tse bonahalang e se e telele bile ba tloaelehileng. Ka ba bang ba ditokomane, routings le litšoantšo mochini khethoa e le T-54/55. Sena simplifies tlhahiso ya ea mohlala e ncha, e le tshebetso kaofela mela kopano e se e ba ile ba sebetsa ka ntle.

Esita le mosebedisi pukwanana T-55 tanka ka dintho tsohle hananang le T-54. Tse ngata tsa lintlafatso tse ea mohlala e ncha e ntse e e-ba teng ka thoko ho tswa ho entsprechen motheo oa mesebetsi ea bona e amanang le mochine tsela e sa tobang. Tanka T 55 litšoantšo tse kopitsoa ho tswa ho pele dipalelo selelekela e ne e le hantle ho pheta-pheta ba T-54.

Tlase ke entsprechen ka sehloohong ea phetolelo ea mantlha ea T-55:

• palo ea batho ba ka ho basesisi ba - 4;
• Warhead boima - boima ba lithane tse 36,5;
• tanka bolelele le sethunya - 9000 limilimithara;
• Feela 'mele bolelele - 6200 limilimithara;
• bophahamo ba mocheng oa qhotsoa tora - 2218 limilimithara;
• bophara - 3270;
• palama bophahamo - 500 limilimithara;
• thaepa seletsa ka sehloohong - D10T2S / NP;
• lithunya turret armored, phapanyetsano le leng, coaxial, mofuta SGMT, 7,62;
• sete ya ntoa - 43 Shots;
• morathatha liqhomane - 3.500 garela tsa mahlaahlela;
• powerplant - cha B-54, disele;
• Engine bokgoni - 580 a etsang dilitara tse. E leq.;
• potlakisa haufi le lebetsoeng le e, - 50 km SE / hora tseleng e koahetsoeng ka sekontiri.
• mefuta e fapaneng - 480 km SE;
• khatello e itseng - 0,81 lik'hilograma / cm, ^2;
• a kholisehile hlōla litšitiso - leboteng e paatsepama, bophahamo - 0,8 limithara; foro bophara - limithara tse 2,7;
• fording - 1.5 limithara tse;
• leloko - likhato tse 30;
• Kgolo ya - likhato 32.

Tanka T-55, litšobotsi tsa eo ba 'nile ba a sa khaotse a ntlafala, e bile ka ho fetisisa batla ho loana mochini qetellong ea mashome a mahlano ka linaha tse ka bochabela ea Europe.

diphetolo

Ka 1961, ka lebaka la T-55 o ne a bōpiloe ke T-62 le litšobotsi tse ntlafetse. Ea mohlala ne hlahiswa ka kopanelo le T-55 ho fihlela ka 1983. E ka nako eo tebileng modernization ntoa koloi ile atlehe, 'me kahoo, diphetolo ntjha: 55M-T, T-55AM le T-62M, e tšoane ntlafatsoa firepower le tsela e itseng e phahameng ea tshireletso ntle tahlehelo ya tsamaiso. tšireletso ea etseng letho e ne e ka ho eketsehileng lekhonono, a sebetsang a di entswe sete ya "thrush" le likanono tse peli, tjhajwang para 107-millimeter likhetla e mong le, hammoho le e kholo-antiaircraft morathatha. Ho phaella tabeng ea ho fana ka litanka tsa ho arming ne khomaretse tsamaiso ea tse peli tse fapaneng radar.

Hamorao T-55M qala ho hlomella e rarahaneng phethahetse khona 9K116 sikiloe "Bastion", le T-62M sete "Sheksna" le litšobotsi tse tšoanang, empa ke matla ho feta ka liketso. disete tsena tse peli tse a hlomelloa le 100-limilimithara rifled moqomo le 115-limilimithara smoothbore sethunya. thunngoa ea pele ea moqomo - e tataisoang lerumo 9M117. Litšobotsi tse multistage projectile le bokgoni phahameng haholo timetso. lerumo le e laoloang ke seka-jarolla ka ho iketsa tsamaiso e khopo ka laser tataiso.

ditlabelwa

Ho feta moo, liphaka hlollang, T-55M nkile le tšehang ba bang mefuta e fapaneng KTD-2 ballistic ya khomphuta ya hao BV-55, ea mahlo-32PV TSHSM stabilizer le M1 "Shooting Star". T-62 se a hlomelloa le ea mahlo-41PV TSHSM le ballistics khalekhuleita BV-62. Laser rangefinders ka ditanka bobeli koahela sebaka sa limithara tse 500 ho 4000 ka ho nepahala ha ho lekanya ho fihlela ho limithara tse 10.

dipalo ka sebaleledi Ballistic fana bonoa jarolla ka ho iketsa ya mahlakoreng a ho bona ka ya data lehlakoreng etella pele nakong a betsa libetsa likhetla, empa ke ke a bale tsela ea tataisoang lerumo sefofane.

Anti-lifofane morathatha ha a betsa ka tsela e rapameng ka tlameha ho ya data ballistic k'homphieutha, empa ho thunngoa tataiso ho isa tekanyong e moholo ho laolwa ke shebisisa bonwang.

mefokolo

Large caliber-ba khahlanong le lifofane sethunya mounted ka tora e, ha feela le garela tse makholo a mararo tsa mahlaahlela ka lebanta ho, bole ka mabokoseng. Shooter laela ho ya ka dipehelo tsa ho thunngoa ka eo mohloli nyenyane, e le tšesaane le telele moqomo sethunya e unevenly halefile ka queues telele le a holofala. Ho tsitsisa mocheso ka matsoho a mounted mocheso thebe.

dipeeletsa

, Ho phaella ho Tšireletso o teng ea tanka tlhahiso ea T-55 tsohle ea nako e ile sebjalebjale makhetlo a 'maloa ho ya ka dipehelo tsa ho rua ho lona. Lekhetlo la ho qetela ho a phaella ka lihlomo tsa tšireletso ea ho ile ha thehoa ka 1985. lefapha la ka holimo ne a etsa likopi tse tobileng maqephe a 30 millimeters teteaneng. Lihlomo eketsehileng teng ka mahlakoreng a mabeli ba embrasure seletsa khōlō, haufi le kutu. The hlaha ka lehlakoreng le ya tšekamelo ke ho lekanya le likhetla kaofela sera, ntle le bakeng sa cumulative e timetsang le phello eo e ke ke ea ho koalloa.

Ka mor'a nakoana, Leha ho le joalo, ho fana ka litanka tsa T-55M qala ho hlomella protivokumulyativnymi hlahang lifiliming rabara-lesela di stacked ka le dikarolo tse ngata ho pholletsa le pel'a koloi ntoa. Ho sebetsa ka ea tšireletso ena e tsela e sa tobang tiisoa ke liteko sebakeng seo. Likhetla thunya ho tloha e leng sebaka sa limithara tse 150, seha ka rabara "meseme", lahlehileng ka mashome a mararo etsang liphesente tse matla tsa lona, 'me le dikarolo konokono tsa ntoa o ile a lula ka ntle ho ka mekoting.

thepa basesisi

Tanka ntshetsopeleng lebisa tlhokomelo e khethehileng ho T-55 o ile a fuoa ho ya tshireletso mahlaseli. Sepheo - sa ho pholosa bophelo ba motho e le bophelo bo botle. litho tsohle basesisi ba a hlomelloa le beilwe khethehileng-ba khahlanong le mahlaseli a kotsi, e mong le e setulo o boetse o koahela ho fihlela ka mahlakoreng 'ohle lebisa dimojule ka dinama tse nyenyane tse ea letlalo.

ho khanna sebaka sebakeng seo e matlafatsoa ka tlase 20-limilimithara lihlomo lipoleiti tse welded ho tlase. E fellang kateng le e atlehang tšireletso ea-ba khahlanong le morafo oa khauta. Litho tse ling baqolotsi ba sebakeng se le pote ka morao ho fetisisa tsela e sireletsehileng sebaka karolo vnutribashennogo.

maqheka

Tanka T-55, eo Foto o entsoe lehoatateng, kenyelletso ho melao-motheo ea camouflage. Lihlomo tsa ntoa koloi, penta ka mmala lehlabathe, e le hore motsoako le tikoloho. Tanka fetoha tsoana ka litsobotsi ho sera sa ho moshebelli, 'me le basebetsi ba ka sebelisa sena ho fetola sebaka sa, hammoho le ke lefu la ho itlelang feela.

melao e meng ea

Bakeng sa masking ka landschap European e sebelisoa camouflage, botala-grey colouring kapa letlooeng la mala e tšoanang, a otlolla ka holimo ntlha moo tanka e le hona teng. Ka maemo a ntoa a sebelisa smokescreen, e leng ho ka khonehang ka nako leha e le efe ka lebaka la ho eketsa basebetsi sesebediswa 902B, teng ka lehlakoreng le letona la tora. tsamaiso e na le robeli qalang likutu emitting mosi liqhomane caliber la 81 limilimithara. mosi oa libaka o dumella ho pata eseng feela tanka, empa hape a 'maloa a diyuniti infantry tse amehang ntoeng, a fana hore na thepa ea ho hema. Ho atleha ha jwalo ipetlela litsela ke keng ba latoloa.

libaka mosi ha qalang liqoso tse 'nè gulp ke 120 limithara ka bophara le 8 limithara phahameng. Qala ka ho etela libaka liqhomane le koahela radius ea limithara tse 60 ho pota tanka. Butswe mosi liqhomane bontša ho tswa ho molaoli ea mahaeng tanka. tsamaiso ea nang le feela drawback mong - nakong ea ntoa recharge mosi Cannon ke sa khoneha, kaha e lokela ho tlohela turret, 'me ba qeta metsotso e seng mekae ho bula lihlomo, eo e kotsi haholo ka dejalo la sera. Empa ba bang ba basebetsi ba fumane tsela ea ho tsoa boemong bo thata. The sethunyi tsoela ho lihlomo tsa ka motsotsoana ea mosi o moholohali sona bohatong boo ba liqhomane peli tsa ho qetela ha ponahalo e lefela, 'me recharge tsamaiso.

T-72

Ka 1967 o ile a qala ho ntshetsa pele ea boima, ba ka sehloohong ntoeng e khahlanong tanka ea USSR hlometseng Makhotla, e ileng ea amoheloa ka mosebetsi ntoa ka 1973 'me ke hona joale ka tšebeletso ea ka mabotho a Russia tanka. Ho latela litšobotsi tse lona ea T-72 o phahametse diphetolo tsohle tse fetileng ho tloha dihlopha tsa likoloi armored ntoa. Ho fapana le tanka T-55 ho tloha T72 o moholo firepower ya moraorao tjena, bolelele ka kakaretso ka mashome a supileng-bobeli ke 9530 limilimithara khahlanong 9000 limilimithara bakeng sa T-55. Crew T-72 na le litho tse tharo feela, mesebetsi, ho etsa bonnete ba mosebetsi oa bohlokoa oa ho mochine, ho lumellanang aba fetang tse tharo ka ntle ho khethollo ea melao ea ntoa.

Union tanka T-55 mochine

E fellang kateng le hore ho na le mafahla ho indasteri e tanka. Esita le pele ho putlama ha Soviet Union ho Jeremane Bochabela T-55A ileng ba bōptjoa. Ho batla ho le manaka tse feletseng tsa Union T-54/55. Majeremane a ne ke sa qala ntshetsopeleng lona ka tlhahiso, joalokaha e ne e disadvantageous ka mabaka a moruo. Ho phaella moo, masole a tanka ya GDR ne ho sa hlokahale likoloi ba bangata hakaale ba sesole, e leng seo litšenyehelo ho se bapisang ho hlahisoeng khōlō.

Leha ho le joalo, Soviet Union e hoo e ka bang ka tanka tšoanang hlahisitseng ka bongata le leholo, 'me ka mor'a ba bang negotiation Jeremane ea mohlala ho hlahisa tšepe ka USSR ka e tšoanang le litanka Union. T-55 A tanka Sejeremane tsa sehlopha sa bohareng, e ile fanoa ka batches nyane ka lebotho la GDR. Technical litšobotsi tsa ea mohlala e ne e le tse ntle, mochine o khetholloa ke tora e matla, maneuverability ntle le seletsa se sebetsa ka ho nepahetseng. ditanka Worth Jeremane lehlakoreng e theko e tlaase, kaha mosebetsi oo o neng o nahanela karolo ea lipolotiki, Jeremane Bochabela e ne e le ka nako e "motsoalle ea haufi" ea USSR.

ea mohlala

T-55 e haholo nkoa e le lintho tse bonahalang mohloding bakeng sa ketsiso tšimong ea theknoloji ea sesole. Mesebetsi ea matsoho o ile a sebelisa setšoantšo sa ntoa koloi ratoa haholo bakeng sa ho bōptjoa ha likopi tse nyenyane ka botlalo le tsoanang ho ea pele. Kitografiya mohlala kang sa T-54/55, ke letoto la liphetoho tse ea mohlala ka tekanyo e 1:35 le lintlha tse nyenyane. Dikai T-55 li nkoa e le tse thahasellisang ka ho fetisisa mosebetsing oa ho etsa thepa ka mor'a hore US "Sherman".