Styrene-butadiene rabara: thepa le kopo, le moralo

rabara Styrene-butadiene e nkoa e mong oa dikgetho ho fetisisa tse neng li sebelisoa thepa polymeric. Ho loketse bakeng sa tlhahisong ea mabili le lihlahisoa tse ling tsa rabara le boleng bo phahameng.

O ile a re lintho tse bonahalang polymeric e etsoa ka thepa e theko e tlaase e tala, 'me mokhoa lona difeme e nkoa e le le teng, ho ba le tatelano hlakileng ea liketso. 'Me qetellong a sephetho le styrene-butadiene rabara na tshebetso babatsehang le litšobotsi lik'hemik'hale. E ya hlahiswa ka tekanyo e mohlomong le e fanoa ke moetsi e mengata e fapaneng mefuta e.

lihlahisoa tse tala bakeng sa tlhahiso ea

A re hlahlobeng ho hlahisa rubbers styrene-butadiene. Ka lintho tse bonahalang e tala bakeng sa lintho tse bonahalang tse polymeric e kgethile butadiene-1,3 kapa alpha methylstyrene. Le hlahlelletse styrene-butadiene rabara ke dithekeniki seretse kapa emulsion copolymerization. Ka mokhoa bobeli ba thehoa seretse butadiene-styrene rubbers.

emulsion molekyler

Kamoo ke baeti ba fihlelang ho ea rabara styrene butadiene? Ba itšoara joang e akarelletsa molekyler'moho le styrene le butadiene ka emulsion e. Sehlahisoa ho qetela e fumana ka lebaka la sebelisana ena, e bitsoang styrene butadiene rabara (SCS).

Hona joale e ruuoang ho hlahisoeng indasteri rabara nka embodiments tse sa tšoaneng, lihlahisoa polymer thehiloeng ea lik'hemik'hale e.

Kamoo le arohantsoeng styrene-butadiene rabara? Manufacturers nyehela dikgetho tse latelang:

• rubbers eo ha e na oli (SCS ZOARK);
• Thepa ka Peresente karolelano ea oli (SCM-ZOLRKM-15);
• ka palo e eketsehileng ea oli (SCS ZODRKM-27);
• le litšobotsi tse babatsehang dielectric (SCS ZOARPD).

Specifics ea mabitso

The dinokong pele ka mabitso a bolella e dikahare ditirisanommogo tsa styrene ka qoso ea pele, a khetha bakeng sa molekyler ho:

• "A" e akarelletsa ho kenya tshebetsong tlaase mocheso thulaganyou e molekyler (ha ho likhato tse fetang tse hlano).
• "M" e bontša hore e na le oli e, eseng feela styrene.
• Styrene-butadiene rabara le lengolo "P" e amahanngoa le tsamaisa molekyler ntle ho ba teng ha regulator ka.
• "K" e bontša tšebeliso e tlhahisong ea rabara rosin emulsifier.
• The lengolo "P" emela lintho tse bonahalang hlahisoa ho ba teng ha mafura fepa ka, a maiketsetso a acid letsoai tse lihlahisoa tsa leeme ho kena moea oa paraffins phelelang.

khethollang seo styrene-butadiene rabara? Ho e thehiloe tshebetso molekyler, eo e tloaelehileng ho baithuti esita le phahameng sekolong, liithuti likolong mahareng le lik'holeje.

Kahoo, ka ho hlahisa feela ho indasteri ea rubbers sebediswa smolonapolnenny styrene-butadiene rabara, le moralo oa e leng ha e fapana tloaelehileng diene hydrocarbon. Ka rubbers hlahiswa e thehiloeng butadiene-styrene lehoakhoa, ho hanyetsa phahameng ho abrasion phetha molao, ntle le litšobotsi tse letlalo-joaloka.

Emulsion thulaganyou e molekyler o etsoang ho tsoa e tlhomamiso khethehileng liindasteri. Seo e tšoaeang ena rabara styrene-butadiene? Ho e etsoa ka ho sa thekenoloji e hlakileng le proven. The nako karolelano ea k'hemik'hale e itšoara joang ke lihora tse 12-15. Mora phethoa ho sika molekyler Ho thehoa, e leng e na le hoo e ka bang 30-35 etsang liphesente ntho polymeric. E le antioxidant le e hlahiswa ho sika Neon D.

Hlahisa rabara tloha sika ka electrolyte coagulation eo na le asiti sulfuric. Fuoa hore a sebetse e le emulsifiers kanifolevoe oli le sesepa, bōpa ka lebaka la mafura acid maiketsetso, ho phaella ho coagulation Hape o ile a re ho thehoe acid tse mafura na le le phello e ntle ka litšobotsi botekgeniki tsa sehlahisoa se felile.

Ka ho eketsa sesepa acid e sulfuric re fetoleloa mahala manyolo acid e fediswa sika coagulation le theha styrene butadiene rabara. Kopo e litsobotsi li ngata tse bonahalang ho qetela itšetlehile ka mofuta oa tlhahiso. Ha e le hantle rabara e e tlwaelehileng e tala lintho tse bonahalang ho indasteri lik'hemik'hale le.

Sebōpeho sa rabara ho

Seo sebopeho ke styrene-butadiene rabara? thepa ya moaho wa ntho e laolwang ke peculiarities ya sebopeho lona. Ha ho fumana polymer ka ozotsionirovaniya polymer thehoa ke tsoeng sebopeho. The rabara monomer diyuniti tse ka lootho molek'hule e na le mofuta o se makala.

Hoo e ka bang 80 diphesente tse diyuniti ho na le phetolo ranole, 'me karolo ea 20 lekholong feela e tšoauoa ka sa cis-sebopeho.

litšobotsi tsa

A re ke re hlahlobe styrene-butadiene rabara. Properties tsa ntho e amanang le boima ba eona bo phahameng ea limolek'hule. Ka kakaretso, ho ke ke tse 150 000-400 000 oli tletseng rubbers A thekenoloji ho etsa thepa e kenyeletsa tlhopho ya thepa ka index ea phahameng ea boima a lekanyelitsoeng ea limolek'hule. Joalo khetho e dumella ho felisa tšusumetso e mpe ea oli ka boleng rabara, boloka bakeng sa nako e telele ea litšobotsi tse babatsehang sebetsa rabara.

Ho ka etsahala hore a fumane ho tloha rabara ethylene butadiene-styrene, ile a qeta thulaganyou e ketane sebelisa activators, emulsifiers, balaoli, le lintho tse ling tse fellang nakong itsoara joang ka ea feta ka sephetho le rabara ho hlophisoa.

makgetheng khethollang

Khethollang ho styrene-butadiene rabara. Tsela eo ba ntho e bontša hore ho manganga ho deformations phetha molao, solvents mabifi. Ho ntlafatsa ho hanyetsa serame le rabara elasticity fokotseha ka fepa ka palo ya styrene. The polymer sephetho le ile qhalwa ho ya ka peterole, le solvents nkhang hamonate.

Ke eng hape e ikhethang s goldbr? The thepa le mabapi le acid concentrated, ketones, alcohols tsitsitse, ntle ho polymer ke khase e babatsehang le e lumellang metsi ho kena ka metsing. Nakong ea futhumatsang rabara, ho na le liphetoho tse batlang li tebile mehaho hore hampe ama 'mele le ho phetha molao feela thepa ea rabara ho.

Thermal ho kena moea ka thempereichara e ea 125 ° C o baka ho fokotseha ha thatafala le ho timetsoa. Morago ga moo e ho kena moea ho akarelletsa ho bo tebileng boo sebopeho polymer ama ho eketseha ha se tenyetsehe lona.

Features ya kopo ya

Ho bopa rabara sebopeho sebelisoa e ne e le styrene butadiene rabara. Properties, kopo ena moemeli sehlopha sa diene hydrocarbons lumellana ka botlalo hore lintlha tsa moralo lona mehaho.

Ho ba teng ha lihlopha tse phenyl ya lehlakoreng ama ba eketsehile ka makhetlo ho hanyetsa ho pepesehela mahlaseli a kotsi ka ho bapisoa le mefuta e meng ea polymers tsena.

Ka o hlophisitsoeng rabara tse etsa hore e thehiloeng rabara butadiene-styrene, le tlaase tack, e ile ea eketseha shrinkage nakong calendering le extrusion. Ena e na le tšusumetso e mpe ho ho kenya tshebetsong dithulaganyo, hammoho le nakong oxyphobe (kopano) rabara likheo tsena.

Ka tlaase mocheso lithuso tsa rabara sebetsa, ba ile ba ba bitsoa "chesang" rubbers.

mefuta e fapaneng ya rubbers

Bonolo styrene-butadiene rubbers na tlaase tlaase mocheso toughness Leha ho le joalo ha ba luba.

marenene thata etsoa tse nyenyane ka ho ipeha tlas'a bona ho mastication mogote oxidative moeeng ka mocheso ka bang 1400 ° C ka ho sebedisa activators tlontlollong tshebetso.

Ka unfilled vulcanizing tlaase tensile matla. Ha fokotsa palo ya styrene tlamelletsoe ka motsoako polymeric e fokotsehile ho hanyetsa le ho hanyetsa abrasion, eketsa ho hanyetsa serame, e ile ea eketseha elasticity.

Sazhenapolnennye (ka har'a carbon ba batsho), curatives butadiene-styrene rubbers na entsprechen babatsehang mogote ea ho hanyetsa le durability, empa ba ile ba ba a batla a tlaasana ka elasticity le deformation hanyetsa tsa rubbers tloaelehileng. curatives Useful na ho hanyetsa tse eketsehileng ho acid concentrated le hlapolotsoeng, joala, alkalis, esters. The rabara solvent ba e ruruhe.

Kaofela ha polymers sephetho le sebelisitsoe ka proizvodnje tsa mabili, proizvodnje tse fapa-fapaneng la lihlooho bao e seng bōptjoa le ho bōptjoa. Mohlala, ba butadiene-styrene mabanta rabara conveyor li etsetsoang e le tlhahiso ea lifate, ho hlahisa lieta tsa rabara. Mabapi le eketseha mahlaseli hanyetsa rubbers tsena li sebelisoa ka proizvodnje tsa rabara le ho hanyetsa Optimum ho mahlaseli a kotsi a gamma.

Bakeng sa tlhahiso ea lihlahisoa tse ling ho feta litšobotsi tse sa shoeng habonolo o babatsehang, ho feedstock sebelisoa, e neng e akarelletsa bonyane styrene dikahare.

Litšobotsi tse sa styrene-butadiene rubbers, tharollo molekyler

Ho indasteri e tse ruuoang lokisetsa tlhahiso ea styrene-butadiene rubbers tharollo molekyler le styrene dikahare fapaneng:

• S goldbr-10.
• S goldbr-25.
• S goldbr-18.
• S goldbr-50.
• 25E-ROSC (e ntlafatsoa litšobotsi tse dielectric).

Nyehlisitsoe ho na le rabara, e kenyeletsang microblocks nkhang hamonate styrene, ne a rerile hore e lokisa ka ente.

Ho feta moo, ho na le oli e tletseng rabara tharollo molekyler, eo na le ho fihlela ho oli 27%. Ka lebaka tharollo molekyler ka ho ba teng ha organolithium etswa ha entsoeng fetolehang entsprechen motheo ea sebopeho ea limolek'hule:

• ketane branching;
• limolek'hule boima;
• macrostructure.

Litšobotsi khethollang ea rubbers tsena e nkoa e bohlokoa teng ha polymer (ho fihlela ho 98%), chelete bonyane ba litšila. The polymers na le sebopeho guttate ha ho bapisoa le emulsion styrene-butadiene rubbers.

thepa Polymeric amohetse ka ductility phahameng, apara ho hanyetsa, ho hanyetsa serame, e ile ea eketseha ho hanyetsa ho petsoha. Hlokomela hape phahameng matla mamello ea thepa tsena. Ka shrinkage tlaase ba na le Mooney e tiileng e qamathelang e khōloanyane ho tloha molecule na le sebopeho guttate, ka tlala le palo e kholo ea mosili (k'habone ba batsho) le oli ntle hampe fetola mechine le senama tsa vulcanizates.

Ho na le melemo e itseng ea theknoloji ka tlhahiso ea rabara seretse ha ho bapisoa le dikgetho emulsion, empa ditlhoko tse ngata ho feta ka e hloekile tsa monomers sebediswa. Tharollo molekyler rubbers sebediswa ho indasteri e lebili, ho bōpa mabanta matla conveyor, bohato seeta, hoses rabara, rabara likarolo tse ngata. Metsoako e ka lekhetlo la pele ka tlhahiso ea thepa polymeric ea mofuta ona e nkoa styrene le 1,3-Buada. Rubbers fumanoa ka tharollo kapa emulsion copolymerization.

Ho indasteri ea kajeno ha se feela proizvodnje theknoloji bao e seng tlala rabara, empa hape o ile a lokisetsa tlhahiso ea polymers eo ba teng le ka ho hlophisoa ha lehoakhoa, e leng carbon ntšo, oli. Har'a thepa polymeric hlahiswa ka karoloana ea styrene litlaleho tse butadiene rabara ho fetang halofo ea matla a tlhahiso.

Lebaka la tekanyo e ena ke phahameng pathomorphology tsa litšobotsi tse 'meleng le lik'hemik'hale tsa sehlahiswa hlahisoang, ho fumaneha ha monomers tshimololang (styrene le butadiene),' me e thehilwe mola tlhahiso.

Greater boima ba rabara styrene butadiene tlhahiso ea kajeno fumanoa ka emulsion copolymerization tsa styrene le butadiene.

Classification tsa rabara ka sebopeho

Fuoa maemo molekyler le ho hlophisoa ha metsoako e sebediswa lokisetsa tlhahiso ea rubbers styrene-butadiene, tse fapaneng ka ho sebopeho le thepa. Lumelloa dipalopalo, kamehla kabo ea diyuniti mehaho ea styrene le butadiene ka molecule ena.

E le mocheso decreases ho na le ea fokotseha ka dikahare ditirisanommogo ea tlaase dikotwana limolek'hule boima generated rabara. Ho feta moo, ho na le phokotseho ya branching mehaho, ho eketseha ha kamehla sebopeho polymer, hore ka sebele e ama botekgeniki le bueloang litšobotsi tsa sehlahisoa se felile.

Ka ntshetsopele ya tlhahiso ea malapeng ea thepa maiketsetso Ntlha ea bohlokoa e ne e le ho theha tlhahiso ea thepa butadiene-styrene ke molekyler ke mochine khōlō. Ha jwale, thepa e joalo ea boleng bo phahameng 'me ka e theko ka theko e tlaase ho hlahisa limela tsa Krasnoyarsk, Omsk, Togliatti, Sterlitamak, Voronezh.

thekenoloji Features

ka o ile a fumana polymer le entsprechen itseng, haeba a lakatsa. Ka mohlala, ka fuoa boima karolelano ea limolek'hule tseo e laolwa ka molekyler le ka phaella ka ho balaoli ba nang le bokhoni ba ho kopanela phetiso ketane ena. E le ditirisanommogo balaoli dikahare o ile a re fokotseha ka boima ba 'mele ea limolek'hule tsa polymer ka.

Ke eng e ka nkoa e le emulsifiers, a loketse bakeng sa ho hlahisa emulsions tsitsitseng ea monomers, 'me ho hlahisa dihlahiswa tsa ho qetela tsa molekyler, ho latices? The lik'hemik'hale dikarolo ka sehloohong nkoa potassium kapa sodium letsoai la mafura acid maiketsetso carboxylic, hydrogenated rosin le matsoai alkisulfonatov.

Ha khetha rosin e pele tlas'a tšoaro e khethehileng. Mosebetsing oa ho disproportionation ha sethothetsi (Palladium), ho fumana thepa hlokahalang bakeng sa rubbers thulaganyou e ketane.

tlhahiso ea Spefitsika

Bakeng sa copolymerization sebelisa leshala polymerizer. Ka ho lokisetsa le motsoako ke e tsoakiloeng le pele ho a hloekisa omisitsoeng styrene, butadiene, ho solvent (ho ka 'na ba le cyclohexane) ka karo-karolelano ea 5/1. dikarolo tse ding hape tsa feedstock qalong feptjoang ka mixer orifices bakeng sa boleng ba tsoaka. motsoako neng a tobisitsoe ho e ntle tlhoekiso lik'hemik'hale tsa litšila tse fapa-fapaneng tse nyenyane.

sethusathuto ho sebeletsa organolithium metsoako titer ka 25 ° C bakeng sa metsotso e 20. Tekanyo ea ho tlhoekiso e laolwang ke motsoako mmala. Haeba litšila ha ho na, ho tswa ho motsoako oa hanyenyane sootho mmala. Pele ho molekyler, methaka e tsoakane le sethothetsi e, Polar additives.

tshebetso o etsoang ho tsoa e leshala, e leng e na le sethusathuto tse tharo tekanyetso, e ka ho latellana ho fepa qoso. Mocheso ka hare polymerizer e hlokomelwa ka mefuta e fapaneng ya ho tswa 50 ho ea ho 80 ° C. The nako karolelano ea tsohle ea ho lik'hemik'hale ke dihora tse 6.

bofello

Makala ohle a bophelo le mosebetsi oa batho ba kopana le thepa ka nako e loketseng, e leng e thehiloe rabara styrene-butadiene. Pele ho tsohle, re ela hloko ho bōptjoa rabara bohato seeta, mabili likoloi rabara, tse fapa-fapaneng tsa serapa Hose.

The copolymers tjee styrene le butadiene ho pharaletseng sebelisoa ka pōpo ea thepa ea motlakase li sireletsang serameng, lihlahisoa tse sa tšoaneng bakeng sa ho indasteri e likoloi, ho akarelletsa pōpo ea mabili boleng bo phahameng. Popontshwa le theknoloji e hore sebelisa bahlahisi e tsoetseng pele ea rubbers styrene-butadiene, ba lumella hore ba bopa lihlahisoa le lakatsa entsprechen meleng le lik'hemik'hale, a lakatsa litšobotsi tse tshebetso.

Har'a likarolo ena tlhahiso ea kopo ela hloko ho etswa ha boleng bo phahameng. Ho itšetlehile ka sebopeho sa rubbers tsa maiketsetso fapane haholo thulaganyou e nakong ea pōpo ea bona 'me theko phahameng ka ho fetisisa ea lihlahisoa tsa etsoa e thehiloeng rabara rabara.