Russia machaba corridors lipalangoang. Sebopeho le ntshetsopele ya corridors machaba lipalangoang

Ka kakaretso ntshetsopeleng ya moruo ya sebakeng leha e le itšetlehile haholo ka boemo ba lona ntshetsopeleng lipalangoang. 'Me bona! Ke ea bohlokoa haholo ho machaba corridors lipalangoang. Ba hokela linaha fapaneng, a ba fa a moruo, ea setso le ea saense-botekgeniki tšebelisano-'moho. Empa machaba corridors tsamaisa - ha tlisa melemo e itseng a moruo feela mona le hona joale. Ho boetse ho na le tiisetso ya polokeho le le atlehileng. ntshetsopeleng ya naha ka lilemo tse ngata tse tlang.

A sehloohong sena a, re tla ho ameha ka seo ke machaba corridors lipalangoang, kamoo li theha le iphetolele.

Machaba lipalangoang phasejeng - ke eng?

Poleloana e reng "ea machaba lipalangoang phasejeng" (kapa, foromo khutsufalitsoe, MTC) utlwisisa tsamaisong e rarahaneng ho tsamaisa, e leng e beha ka litaelo tse khōlō tsa sephethephethe. tsamaiso ena e akarelletsa ho kopana le mefuta e tsa lona fapaneng - tseleng, seporo, leoatleng le meralong feela.

Jwalo ka e bontša liketso, corridors lipalangoang machaba katleho fetisisa sebetsa ka hara libaka tloaelehile hore batho ba moruo. Ka ho fetisisa le letšo-letšo marangrang a MTC kajeno ke tloaelehileng bakeng sa sebakeng European (ka ho khetheha - bakeng sa Central le Europe Bochabela). Sena, ka ho khetheha, ea etsa hore ho amohelwa oa ntjha leano EU tsamaisa ka 2005. Karolo ea bohlokoa ho khopolo ena e ncha o ile a nka litsela leoatle lipalangoang.

Sebopeho sa corridors machaba tsamaisa e ba tshwanelanang ka nako eo ka eona hore ho hlokahala hore e kholo ho tsamaisa ea machaba ea thepa e ile ea eketseha haholo. corridors joalo hangata bohlokoa bakeng sa tsoelo-pele ea bobeli thepa lipalangoang tsa baeti ka mor'a naha kapa sebakeng sohle.

Karolo e phethoang le bohlokoa ba ho ITC

Ntshetsopeleng ya corridors machaba lipalangoang ke habohlokoa eseng feela ponong ea melemo e tlisoang ke khoebo. Ka mor'a hore tsohle, le lipalangoang ditshaba-tshaba tlisa ha phaello feela. Ba ile ba boela susumelletsa kgolo le ntshetsopele ya sesole, indasteri, e re saense lekala. Ho phaella moo, ITC tlatsetsa le mafolofolo atolosa tsa dibopeho tsa motheo tsa libaka ka eo ba neng ba feta.

Linaheng tse ngata moruong ntshetswa pele, potso ea leano la ho tsamaisa le tšireletseho ho tsamaisa e beha ka boemo ba phahameng ka ho fetisisa ya pele. Russia, le eena o, ba lokela ho latela mohlala oa bona le ka tsela ena.

Main mosebetsi mtk kan selasa

ke eng maikemisetso ka sehloohong e lokela ho ba hore le phethe corridors machaba lipalangoang? Bona tse 'maloa:

1. Ho fana ka boleng bo phahameng, e ka tšeptjoang le bo mabothobotho lipalangoang bakeng sa barupeluoa ba bohle ka likamano tsa moruo.
2. Ho Fana ka pele "borokho", matla a ho kenya tshebetsong e tletseng fledged khoebo ea madi aa pakeng tsa e bolela.
3. Ho kopanela sebopeho ya tshireletso sesole ea linaha 'me libaka kaofela.

Serapeng qetela lokela ho lula ho qaqileng haholoanyane. 'Nete ea hore tshireletso tsa tšimo efe kapa efe ea sesole, ntle ho mokgelo, e itšetlehileng ka eona haholo ka boemo ba tsoelo-pele ea ho tsamaisa lona marangrang. Ka mantsoe a bonolo: le ho feta mmuso litsela tse kholo, literene le liteishene, likou le airfields - ho ba bonolo e le hore ke hlophise tshireletso, lisebelisoa haul,, lihlomo le matlotlo a ka tabeng ea mabifi Link sesole.

Tsamaiso ea corridors machaba lipalangoang pakeng tsa Europe le Asia

MTC ho ka sehloohong Eurasian sebakeng kenyeletsa tse latelang corridors lipalangoang:

• ITC "North - South", koahetse Scandinavian dinaheng, e bolela tsa Central le Europe Bochabela, karolo ea European ea Russia, sebaka Caspian, hammoho le Asia Boroa.
• Trans-Siberia Railway (kapa MTC "Transsiberian") - ke corridors bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa ho expanses la Russia le connects Europe Central le China, Kazakhstan le hloahloa Korean. Ho na le makala a 'maloa ka Ukraine, Kiev, St. Petersburg, Ulan Bator.
• MTC palo 1 (pan-European) - tlama Baltic metse e bohlokoa - Riga, Kaliningrad le Gdansk.
• MTC palo 2 (pan-European) - tlama metseng kang Minsk, Moscow le Nizhny Novgorod. Nakong e tlang, ho tsoela pele ba phasejeng ho Ekaterinburg.
• MTC palo 9 (pan-European) - e amahanya Helsinki, motse-moholo o ka leboea oa Russia - St. Petersburg, Moscow le Kiev.

All corridors machaba lipalangoang na litlotla tsa bona - index. Ka mohlala, ITC "North - South" o abetsoe ho index ea ho NS, "Trans-Siberia" - the TS joalo joalo.

Russia oona tsamaisong MTC

Ka naha ea naha ya rona tsoela ka MTC 'maloa. Kahoo, Russia kgolo corridors lipalangoang machaba - ka "Northern Sea Route" MTC "Primorye-1" MTC "Primorye-2".

Lipalangoang phasejeng bitsoa "Northern Sea Route" tlohang metseng e meholo ea bohlokoa ea Russia - Murmansk, Arkhangelsk le Dudinka. E o na le lebitso le machaba - anak smp.

Mtk kan selasa "Primorye-1" le fetisa ka ho Harbin, Khabarovsk, Nakhodka le tluoa tabeng ea ho likoung bohlokoa tsa Pacific.

Mtk kan selasa "Primorye-2" connects motseng oa Hunchun, Kraskino, Zarubino le hape tsoela ho likoung tsa Asia Bochabela.

corridors machaba lipalangoang Russia: Mathata le Tebello

Lefatšeng la kajeno le ho na le tse tharo lipalo matla ea ho hōla ya moruo: ea Amerika Leboea, Europe le East ea Asia. Le Russia, ke ka molemo libaka boemong ba pakeng tsa lipalo tsena tse peli tsa bohlokoa, e lokela ho nka monyetla ka boemo bona le ho theha lipalangoang kamehla ka sebaka sa eona. Ka mantsoe a mang, ho ke ke naha ya rona e tlameha ho hokela litsi tsena lefatšeng ka bophara pele le corridors morao-rao ho tsamaisa.

Russia e nang le bokhoni haholo ho nka ka hoo e ka bang tsohle tse khōlō Eurasian melapo lipalangoang. Litsebi bolela esale pele hore ha u ka khona ho se ke le lilemo li 15-20 kopanngoa ha makala nepahetseng ea malapeng oona tsamaisong lipalangoang ena. Ka Russia ho na le maemo a tsohle bakeng sa hore: a teteaneng marangrang a liporo, tsamaiso e pharaletseng ea litsela tse kholo, ho ba teng ha khokahano le letšo-letšo la linōka likepe. Leha ho le joalo, mokhoa oa ho sebopeho sa corridors e atlehang ho tsamaisa e akarelletsa se feela ho atolosoa ha ho tsamaisa theiboleng, empa hape modernization lona, hammoho le dithepa le polokeho lipalangoang.

tsepisa haholo bakeng sa Russia ke popo ea ho thoeng MTC "East - West" - e khōlō ho tsamaisa phasejeng e neng e tla amahanya Europe le Japane. Motheo ena ho tsamaisa phasejeng ea machaba ka 'na a bua leshano e teng hona joale Trans-Siberia Railway, ka makala ho likoung leoatle e ka leboea ea Russia.

E le lipalo-palo tsa lilemong tsa morao tjena, khoebo pakeng tsa Europe le linaha tsa Asia Bochabela (haholo-holo Japane le Korea Boroa) e ile ea eketseha ho feta fivefold. The bongata ba thepa pakeng tsa libaka tse peli e isoa ka mose leoatleng. Ka lebaka leo, ka ho toba overland lipalangoang phasejeng e ka ba o babatsehang seng ho fapana leoatle tsela. Empa bakeng sa hore ba boholong Russia ba lokela ho beha ka thata le ho bolela lintho tse bonahalang.

ITC "North - South"

Machaba lipalangoang phasejeng "North - South" e fana ka mabapi ea linaha tsa Baltic le sebakeng le India le Iran. ena Index phasejeng: NS.

The mohlodisani o ka sehloohong oa phasejeng e ke ea likepe e name ho tsamaisa tseleng ka Suez Canal. Leha ho le joalo, ho ITC "North - South" e na le palo e sa melemo bonahalang. Pele ho tsohle, le tsela naha bolelele halofo ya hole, e leng ho bolela hore lipalangoang tsa thepa ka tsela ena e theko e tlaase haholo.

E le tsa kajeno, haholo-holo e morupeluoa mafolofolo phasejeng ena sebeletsa Kazakhstan. Naha sebedisa ho tsamaisa ya diyantle le lihlahisoa tsa tsona (haholo-holo lijo-thollo) linaheng tse Koung. Kakaretso letseno ena phasejeng e hakanyetsoa ho tonnes limilione tse 25 tsa thepa selemo le selemo.

ITC "North - South" le akarelletsa le makala a maholo a mararo:

• The Trans-Caspian - connects koung Olya, Astrakhan le Makhachkala;
• Bochabela - ke seporo naha amahanya linaha tsa Asia Bohareng le Iran;
• Bophirimela - fetela le mola Astrakhan - Samur - Astara (ka Makhachkala).

Pan-European MTC № 1

A pharaletseng a tsamaiso e khopo ho tsamaisa Bohareng le Europe Bochabela e ne e bitsoa ka Pan-European. E koahela corridors leshome ea machaba ea litaelo tse sa tšoaneng. Bitsoa "PE" le go tlaleletsa ka dinokong itseng (Ke ho X).

The pan-European lipalangoang machaba phasejeng-1 feta linaheng tse tšeletseng: Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Russia le Poland. bolelele ba eona palo yohle e km 3285 ( 'ngoe - 1655 km - ka motorways le 1630 km SE - ka terene).

The pan-European MTC palo 1 tlama hammoho ka sehloohong European lihlooho: Helsinki, Tallinn, Riga, Kaunas le Warsaw. Ka hare ho meeli ea phasejeng ena ho na le seaplane a tšeletseng le likoung 11. Karolo ea lona e ntse e feta ka naha ea Russia, ka hara sebaka Kaliningrad, 'me e akarelletsa le ka sehloohong Baltic koung - motse oa Kaliningrad.

Pan-European MTC № 2

Ka 1994 sehlekehlekeng sa Kreta tšoaroa sebokeng khethehileng ka ho tsamaisa, eo e hlalosoa ka ditataiso tsa sehlooho tsa nako e tlang oona tsamaisong Pan-European lipalangoang. Ho kenyelletsa ditokiseletso 10 litaelo fapaneng.

The pan-European lipalangoang machaba phasejeng-2 connects Europe Central le karolo European tsa Russia. O matha ka mose e re ba bane. Ke Jeremane, Poland, Belarus le Federation Serussia. Lipalangoang phasejeng e amahanya metseng e meholo e kang Berlin, Poznan, Warsaw, Brest, Minsk, Moscow le Nizhny Novgorod.

Qetellong ...

Kahoo, ntshetsopele ya corridors machaba lipalangoang ke ea bohlokoa haholo bakeng sa sebakeng leha e le efe ea lefatše. Pōpo le tshebetso atlehang oa corridors joalo reretsoe ho se feela a moruo, empa hape ba setso, babapatsi le sesole-mosolotogamaano.