Russia Bohareng. Metse e Bohareng ea Russia

Russia e bohareng ke mohaho o moholo oa setereke. Ka tloaelo, lentsoe lena le ne le sebelisetsoa ho bua ka libaka tse khethileng Moscow, moo Moscow, 'me hamorao e ileng ea thehoa Russia.

Boitsebiso bo tloaelehileng

Histori ea Russia e Bohareng, e leng eona motheo oa naha ea rona, e qalile ka sebopeho sa Muscovy lilemong tsa bo-XIII-XV, ka lebaka la ho kopanngoa ha litsamaiso tse arohileng. Metseng ea sebaka sena ho na le liemahale tse ngata tsa mohaho, tsa histori le tsa litlaleho. Hohle naheng ena le linaheng tse ling, Khauta ea Khauta e tsebahala - metse ea boholo-holo ea Central Russia: Sergiev Posad, Rostov e Moholo le Pereslavl-Zalessky, Kostroma, Suzdal, Yaroslavl, Vladimir, Ivanovo, Bogolyubovo, Gus-Khrustalny, Gorokhovets, Kalyazin, Kideksha, Murom, Palekh, joalo-joalo. Lesale la khauta le akaretsa libaka tse kang Moscow, Yaroslavl, Vladimir, Ivanovo, Kostroma. Metse ea boholo-holo ea Central Russia e tsejoa ka litšoantšo tsa tsona tse ikhethang. Ka mohlala, Fedoskino, Kholui le Palekh ba tumme ka lihlopha tsa bona tse nyenyane tsa lacquer, Gzhel - ceramics, li-trays tse pentiloeng ka Zhostovo, litšoantšo tse entsoeng ka lehong la Abramtsevo, Khotkovo - litšoantšo tse lesapo, pos. Mstera - lacquer liteishene tse nyenyane le li-wicker laces, pos. Li-red-on-the-Volga - mabenyane a entsoeng ka koporo, koporo, silevera, Rostov e kholo - enamel (penta e nyenyane e entsoeng ka enamel).

Mehato ea nts'etsopele

Sebopeho sa sebaka sena se ne se susumelitsoe ke likarolo tsa tsoelo-pele ea histori le boemo ba moruo le libaka tsa naha. Karolo e bohareng ea Russia e libakeng tsa liphula le li-watersheds tsa Dnieper, Oka, Volga le Dvina ea Bophirimela, e bile le boemo ba bohlokoa haholo nakong ea ho thehoa ha naha. Ka lebaka la litsela tsa nōka, puisano e ne e etsoa le libakeng tse ka thōko, hammoho le linaha tsa boahelani. Sebaka se bohareng sa Russia ke sepheo se seholo sa setso sa naha, kahoo ho tsosolosoa ha batho ba Russia linaheng tse ling.

Mehleng ea pele ea tsoelo-pele, baahi ba ne ba sebelisa mehloli ea tlhaho ea tlhaho, joaloka mashala a tšepe, mashala, lifate, limestone, lehlabathe, letsoai, letsopa, peat le tse ling. Mona, ho ne ho e-na le metallurgy e matla le tšebeliso ea tšepe, ho etsa mapolanka, ho etsa letsoai, liereitiki le khalase, liaparo tsa masela le tsa letlalo le tsa lieta. Nakong ea mehla ea Soviet, ho ile ha hahoa liteishene tse tharo tsa matla a motlakase oa Volga sebakeng seo, 'me ho ile ha hahoa matla a ho boloka matla a polokelo ea polokelo sebakeng sa Sergiev Posad. Ho phaella moo, lilemong tse mashome a mashome a mahlano tsa lekholo la ho qetela, semela sa pele sa matla a nyutlelie lefatšeng se qalile ho sebetsa sebakeng sa Kaluga , 'me lilemo tse 20-30 hamorao karolo e bohareng ea Russia e ile ea amohela limela tse ling tse peli tsa nyutlelie - libakeng tsa Tver le Smolensk.

Sebaka sa sebaka seo

Setereke se bohareng sa Russia ke sebaka seo ho sona ho neng ho thehoa mokokotlo oa batho ba Russia. 'Me matsatsing ana baahi ba Russia ba teng mona. 'Me feela karolong e ka bochabela, sebakeng sa Volga-Vyatka, ba lula Chuvashes, Mordvins, Mari. Ho ea ka palo ea sechaba ea sechaba ka 2002, ho ne ho e-na le batho ba fetang limilione tse 38 ba lulang sebakeng seo. Har'a bona: Marussia - limilione tse 34 (91%), ba Ukraine - 756 000 (1.99%), Matatars - 288 likete (0.77%), Armenia - 249 likete (0.66%), Ma Belarusia - 186 likete 0.49%), Azerbaijan - 161 likete (0.43%), le Bajuda - ba likete tse 103 (0.27%). Lichaba tse setseng li tlase ho 0,2%.

Setsi sa Bophelo ba Lipolotiki le Moruo Russia

Lintlha tse ka sehloohong tsa moruo oa morao-rao oa sebaka sena li thehiloe tlas'a tšusumetso ea lintlha tse latelang: karolo ea likarolo tsa eona e le karolo e kholo ea moralo, thuto le lipatlisiso tsa naha; Ho fumaneha ha basebetsi ba tšoanelehang haholo; Sebaka sa boemo bo botle sa moruo le sa libaka; Likhokahanyo tse tsamaisoang haholo; Matla a hlahisoang ke limela tsa mefuta ea mefuta e sa tšoaneng; Tšebeliso ea lihlahisoa tse tala tse tsoang naheng; Ho theha setsi sa metallurgic le tse ling. Kajeno, Russia e Bohareng e ikakhetse ka setotsoana ho hlahisang lihlahisoa tse rarahaneng tse hlokang ntlafatso ea saense le mosebetsi o nang le bokhoni. Makala a ka sehloohong ke tsebo ea boenjiniere, metallurgy, light and chemicals. Hase sebaka sa ho qetela se tšoaretsoeng ke litsebi tsa saense le tsa thekenoloji le saense, hammoho le thuto e phahameng, bonono le setso. Lilemong tsa morao tjena - mesebetsi ea bahahlauli le ea maeto.

Litšobotsi tsa libaka tsa moruo

Sebaka se bohareng sa Russia se akarelletsa libaka tse latelang tsa moruo: Volga-Vyatka, Central Black Earth le Central. Nahana ka litšobotsi tsa moruo le tsa libaka tsa e mong le e mong oa tsona. Sena se tla thusa ho utloisisa karolo ea bona ka tekanyo ea sehlekehleke sena, empa ea naha eohle.

Setereke sa Volgo-Vyatsky

Setereke sena se akarelletsa libaka tse latelang tsa Russia Bohareng: Nizhny Novgorod le Kirov, hammoho le lirephabliki: Chuvash, Mordovia le Mari El. Sebaka sa eona ke lik'hilomithara tse likete tse 263 tsa lik'hilomithara Sebaka sa Volga-Vyatka se karolong ea Europe ea naha ea rona, lijaneng tsa linōka tsa Vyatka le Volga. Libaka sebakeng sa literene le litsela tse khōlō tsa metsi tse hokahaneng le Setsi se nang le sebaka sa Volga, Urals, le Northwest ho hlahisa maemo a matle bakeng sa ntlafatso ea moruo. Boemo ba leholimo mona ke ka mokhoa o itekanetseng continental. Sebaka sohle se koahetsoe ke meru. Tsela e ka sehloohong ea setereke ke boenjiniere. Ho feta moo, indasteri ea meru le lik'hemik'hale e ntlafalitsoe haholo. Ho fihlela joale, mesebetsi ea matsoho, mohlala oa penta ea Khokhloma, e bolokiloe 'me e ntse e hōla.

Sebaka sa Central Central Earth

Setereke sena se akarelletsa Belgorod, Voronezh, Lipetsk, libaka tsa Tambov le Kursk. E khetholloa ke lipalangoang tse loketseng le libaka tsa sebaka seo. Sebaka sa eona ke lik'hilomithara tse likete tse 107 tsa lik'hilomithara Ho ba teng ha li-deposit tse khōlō tsa tšepe ea tšepe le samente lihlahisoa tse tala, hammoho le sebaka se senyenyane sa mosebetsi, se tlatsetsa ho nts'etsopele ea liindasteri tse fapaneng, ka indastering le temo. Boemo ba leholimo mona ke ka mokhoa o itekanetseng continental, libaka tsa tlhaho ke li-steppe le troppe ea meru, phomolo e khōlō haholo. Sebakeng sena, massifshoa a maholo a li-chernozem a tsepamisitsoe haholo, leha ho le joalo karolo e khōlō ea masimo e na le khaello ea metsi a maruo.

Ntho e ikhethileng e hlalositsoe ke metallurgic, lik'hemik'hale, ho haha mochine le indasteri ea lijo, hammoho le temo e tsoetseng pele.

Setereke sa Bohareng

Sebaka sa sebaka sena se kenyeletsa: Bryansk, Vladimir, Kaluga, Kostroma, Ivanovo, Moscow, Orel, Smolensk, Tver, Ryazan, Yaroslavl le Tula. Boemo ba moruo le libaka tsa mahae ke bohareng, kahoo ho molemo ho bobeli le ho feta. Sebaka sena ke sepheo se seholo sa setso. Ha a ruile mehloli ea tlhaho. Ka lebaka leo, indasteri ena e sebetsa haholo ho thepa thepa e tala. Ho na le mehloli ea phosphorites, peat, mashala a sootho, lejoe la mokoetla, lehlabathe. Ntho e ka sehloohong e hlahisoang ke ho hlahisa lihlahisoa tse rarahaneng, tse seng tsa thepa tse hlokang ntlafatso ea saense le tsebo ea ho sebetsa. Makala a ka sehloohong ke indasteri ea lik'hemik'hale, leseli, khatiso le boenjiniere bo bongata ba lekala

Sebaka sa sebaka seo

Sebaka sa sebaka sena se fapane haholo - ho tloha merung e teteaneng ho ea ho lihlopha. Karolong e karolong e karolong e ka leboea-bochabela ea sebaka seo ho na le libaka tse ngata tsa marulelo a majoe 'me a loam. Li ile tsa hlaha ha leqhoa la leoatle le falla. Ka mor'a ho khutlela ha eona, libaka tse tsoang lebōpong le letšehali la Oka ho ea Nōkeng ea Moscow li ne li le metsi a mangata. Sebaka sena sa naha se bitsoa Meshcherskaya lowland. Mona meru ea phaena e atile. Ho na le matša a mangata sebakeng sa Central Russia: Chukhlomskoye, Nero, Pleshcheevo le Galichskoe. Har'a libaka tsena tsa matamo ho ile ha thehoa linaha tse nonneng, tse nang le letsoho le nang le letsoho. Ntle le libaka tse lithaba, sebaka sena se na le lithaba tse sa tsitseng: Suzdal, Yuryevskaya le Murom. Ka leboea-bophirimela ho sebaka sena nōka ea Volga e simoloha, e tsejoang ka ho qhalana ho pharaletseng, ka lebaka leo karolo ea leshome ea sebaka sa Tver e koahetsoe ke marupo. Metsi a bokellang libakeng tsena tse tlaase a ke ke a fumana tsela ea ho tsoa ka nako e telele. Haesale sebaka sa Bryansk se tumme ka meru ea sona e teteaneng. Karolo e ka boroa ea sebaka sena e itšetlehile ka libaka tse bulehileng tsa steppe.

Qetello

Ho akaretsa, hoa hlokomeloa hore Russia e Bohareng ke mohaho o moholo oa setereke se nang le maemo a ho bopa le ho nts'etsopele moruo oa naha. Sebaka sena se khetholloa ke boemo bo botle ba moruo le libaka tsa sebaka sa bohareng ba karolo ea Europe ea Russia Federation. Leha ho le joalo, Russia Bohareng le eona e na le mefokolo e tebileng: ho hloka phihlelo ho leoatle le palo e tlase ea mehloli ea tlhaho. Empa li lefelloa ke libaka tse haufi le sebaka se seholo ka ho fetisisa sa indasteri - Setereke sa federal sa Privolzhsky, hape se na le sebaka se ruileng sa mohloli - leboea la Europe. Ho phaella moo, Russia Bohareng e haufi le balekane ba linaheng tse ling - Belarus le Ukraine.

Sebaka sena ke se nang le baahi ba bangata le se hlahisoang Russia. Setereke se bohareng sa Russia ke sona se rarahaneng ka ho fetisisa naheng. Le hoja karolo ea baahi ba litoropong (80%), e tlase ho ea ka Leboea-Bophirimela, empa ka litlhoko tsa baahi metseng e meholo le metse e meholo, ke eena oa pele naheng eohle.