Paramecium caudatum: sebopeho le mekhoa ea ho ikatisa

Paramecium caudatum - ya mefuta e ka toka neng li tloaelehile hore ho matleng a sehlopha sa tsa lintho tse phelang tse sa rarahanang. Ho lula 'mele metsi a hloekileng a eme le chelete e lekaneng ea thepa e manyolo, tseo le tsona a fepa. Ke tsela eo, sebōpeho sa ciliate-lieta e nkoa e le thata ka ho fetisisa sehlopheng sena tsa lintho tse phelang.

litšobotsi tse akaretsang

Paramecium caudatum - unicellular phelang eo sebopeho ha e le hantle e tšoana bohato ba lieta le bolokoa ka lebaka la ho lera le letšo-letšo le ka ntle la cytoplasm ena. 'mele kaofela phoofolo koahetsoe ke nomoro ea tonanahali ea cilia, tse lokisetsa ka mela longitudinal. mosebetsi bona ka sehloohong - sisinyehang.

Susumelletsa Paramecium caudatum hlabang qetellong pele. Cilia susumelletsa le o fokolang lieha amanang le ho e mong le e tse ling. Ha ho fallela mele hape a dikologela pota selekane le.

Located pakeng tsa seo ho thoeng ke cilia trichocysts - organelles nyane leakage radiation e bōpehileng joaloka, e phetha ho sebetsa ha tšireletso. E mong le e trichocysts na le 'mele o le keletso eo ka ho ba teng ha e susumetsang (thulana, futhumatsang, tsidifatso) sharply lelekoa.

Paramecium caudatum: sebopeho

The bongata ba 'mele - e endoplasma, kapa karolo ya diphalli tsa cytoplasm ena. Ectoplasm e haufi le lera cytoplasmic na le botenya le letšo-letšo 'me e bopa e pellicle.

Tshilo ya dijo. Paramecium caudatum jang libaktheria 'me o na le ho e ikhethang lisele tshilong ya dijo tsamaiso. Haufi le ho fela pele la 'mele ke perioral funnel, eo ka hare holim'a e koahetsoeng ka cilia oona tsamaisong e rarahaneng. Motsamao oa cilia bopa phallo, eo ka eona ba antseng le microorganisms. Ho ekelletsa moo likaroloana phepo oela 'metso, e leng e boetse e Shots cilia,' me joale feela - ka molomo. Ke endocytosis limatlafatsi kena vacuole tshilong ya dijo. O hlola ka ho sa khumo ka organelle itseng - poroshitsu.

Boitsebiso bo liphatseng tsa lefutso. Paramecium caudatum na cores tse peli - e kholo (macronucleus) le tse nyenyane (micronucleus). Micronucleus na le sete e feletseng ea boitsebiso bo liphatseng tsa lefutso le ho nka karolo ka ho ikatisa thobalano ea phelang. Macronucleus le boikarabelo ba ho tswakana tsa metsoako protheine.

Ho itšehla thajana le ho hema. Paramecium caudatum ka teng esita le ka concentrations tlaase haholo oksijene ka metsing. Ananelang oksijene holim kaofela.

Joalokaha ho se ho boletsoe, ho bonolo phelang lulang metsi a hloekileng le ka lebaka la ho se tšoane ea mahloriso a se hlokang osmoregulation tsamaiso. Ciliate contractile vacuole na tse peli - ka pele le ka morao, nngwe le nngwe ya eo e se makala a tubules tsamaiso. mokelikeli feteletseng le lihlahisoa metaboliki mahareng bokelloa 'me o ile a bontša ka tubules tsa vacuoles ka tikoloho. Bobeli organelles ba fokotswa alternately, hang mong le e mong metsotsoana 15-20.

Ho ikatisa ciliate-lieta

Bakeng sa phelang ena e tšoauoa ka ho ikatisa ho kopanela liphate le diplobiont.

Diplobiont e phethahatsoa karohano le sefapano se seleng ea likarolo tse peli tse lekanang. Tabeng ena, 'mele o lula e boemo mafolofolo. Sena se lateloa ke ho ena le rarahaneng nchafatso thulaganyong, e leng nakong eo karolo ka 'ngoe ea' mele tlatsang e organelles hlokahala.

ho kopanela liphate pakeng tsa batho ba babeli ba tlisa ho ke conjugation. Ciliates nakoana khomarela hammoho, 'me borokho pele la cytoplasm e thehoa pakeng tsa bokaholimo bona. phelang bobeli Macronuclear ba timetsoa, 'me ho cores tse nyenyane li arotsoe ke meiosis.

Field ea khubu ea thehoa ka tse 'nè tse haploid sete ya chromosomes. Ho feta moo, tse tharo tsa tsona li bolaoa, 'me karolo e setseng ke mitosis, eaba ba etsa tse peli protonukleusa - e motona le e motšehali. Phelang phapanyetsano "masculine" protonukleusami. Ebe logan le hlaha mong le e mong ea nuclei ba babeli, 'me sebopeho sinkariaona. Ebe fetisa mitosis, ka mor'a moo e mong oa nuclei thehoa fetoha macronucleus, 'me ea bobeli - micronucleus.