Old Russia bahlabani: liaparo, lihlomo le thepa

Mong le e mong motse ho na le meeli ea eona, e leng lokela ho ho sireletswa ho incursions sera, ho tloha e kholo ho fedisa Maslav, hore sena sea hlokahala e esale a le teng. Pakeng tsa Russia dinaheng Boholo-holo kgohlano tsekolotsoeng, ba ne ba lokela ho loana, e seng feela le litšokelo ka ntle, empa hape le ka tribesmen ena. Ho be le khotso har'a likhosana ile a thusa ho bopa sechaba se seholo, e leng ile ea e-tshireletso bokgoni. masole a boholo-holo Russia ema tlasa banner banner banner mong le o ile a bontša lefatše matla a bona le sebete.

thunyang

Slavs ne ratang khotso le batho, kahoo ea boholo-holo, bahlabani ba Russia ha ba le eena o ema ka ntle ho tswa ho balemi ba tloaelehileng. Ho sireletsa lelapeng la bona ho tloha ho ba marumo, lilepe, lithipa le melangoana. thepa ea sesole, libetsa tla hlaha butle-butle, 'me e ke tseparetse eketsehileng mabapi le ho sireletsa mong'a eona, ho feta ho hlaseloa. Ka X lekholong la lilemo la ho na le tlamahano e melokong maloa Maslav pota Khosana ea Kiev, eo bokella makhetho le ho sireletsa sebaka khahlanong le tlhaselo steppe, ho Swedes, ho Byzantines, Mamongolia. Entseng thunyang, entsoe ka 30% e entsoe ka masole a litsebi (tseo hangata mercenaries: Normans, Pechenegs, Majeremane, Hungarians) le militia (bahlabani). Nakong ena, libetsa tsa mohlabani ea boholo-holo e na le maces, marumo, lisabole. Khanya tšireletso ea ha e thibela mokhatlo oa, 'me e fana ka tsamaiso ea ntoa' me a phutuho ena. Ba ka sehloohong le letsoho la litšebeletso e ne e le infantry, lipere li ne li sebelisoa e le liphoofolo tse pakete le masole a lopolla lebothong. Pere ha thehoa ka mor'a thulana atleha le steppe batho ba neng ba bapalami babatsehang.

tšireletso ea

Old Russia lintoa ne ho tloaelehile hore ho ea baahi ba Russia V - VI le makholo a lilemo hempe 'me ka likoung ka lieta bast. Nakong ea Serussia Byzantium ntoa sera ile khahloa ke sebete le ho sebete sa hore "RUS", eo loana ntle le lihlomo tsa ho sireletsa, ho ipata ka mor'a lithebe le li sebelisa ka nako e tšoanang e le sebetsa se. Hamorao a ileng "kuyak", e leng le hantle hempe ntle sleeveless, e sheathed le lipoleiti tloha hoofs lipere ', kapa likotoana letlalo. Ka mor'a moo ka qala ho sebelisa tšepe lipoleiti tse sireletsang 'mele ho tloha makala le chopping metsu lireng.

sireletsa

Lihlomo tsa bahlabani ba boholo-holo ba ne ba leseli, ho fana ka maneuverability phahameng, empa ka nako e tšoanang fokotswa tekanyo ea ho sireletsa. Kholo, e le bophahamo ba mapolanka ba lehong sebediswa ke batho Maslav ho tloha mehleng ea boholo-holo. Ba a koahela hlooho mohlabani, e le karolong e ka holimo ba ne ba lesoba bakeng sa mahlo. C lithebe X lekholong la lilemo la ile a etsa sebopeho chitja stud tšepe bona, koahetsoeng ka letlalo le ho khabisa matshwaonyana fapaneng karela. Ho ea ka bopaki ba bo-rahistori oa Byzantium Russia bopa lerako la lithebe tse thata-thata koaloa le mong ho e mong, 'me o ile a pepesa pele lerumo. Leqheka Sena se ile sa khoneha ho likarolo e tsoetseng pele ea sera ho senya ka ho morao tsa masole Serussia. Ka mor'a lilemo tse 100, sebopeho e ikamahanya le maemo ho mefuta e mecha ea mabotho a - bapalami ba lipere. Lithebe tse almonde e bōpehileng joaloka, o na a mabeli ho lokisa sepeiti reretsoe ho tšoara ntoeng le ho pota ena. Le mofuta ona wa thepa ea boholo-holo, bahlabani ba Russia o ile a hloa le ema ho sireletsa naha ea bona pele ho qaptjoa mechine ea lithunya. lineano tse ngata le litšōmo tse amanang le lithebe. Ba bang ba ba "nang le mapheo" ke ho bona ho fihlela kajeno. The oele 'me masole a lemetseng ba tlisoa lapeng ka lithebe tsa bona, ha a ntse a baleha ba balehang regiments lahlele ba bona ka tlas'a maoto a lipere lelekisang. Ba hlōla ba iname lihekeng tsa Constantinople, Prince Oleg leketlile feela thebe.

lihelmete

Khale masole a Russia ho IX - X lekholong la lilemo la roala hloohong ea likatiba tloaelehileng, tse sa sirelelitsoe ke chopping literaeke sera. Pele lihelmete, fumanoe ke archaeologists, ho ile ha etsoa ke Norman mofuta, empa Russia ba ne ba ha atile. More sebetsang le kahoo sebopeho conical e fetohe ho pharaletseng sebediswa. Helmete tabeng ena e rivet ea lipoleiti tse 'nè tsa tšepe, ba ne ba khabisitsoeng ka majoe a bohlokoa le masiba a (ho tloha ho bahlabani ba ka e babatsehang kapa e le' musisi). foromo ena e dumella sabole ho Slide ntle bakang kotsi e khōlō ho motho eo, balaclava entsoe ka letlalo kapa a ikutloa a nolofatsa bohloko. Helmete fetohile ka lebaka la ho le disebediswa tse eketsehileng polokeho: Barmitsa (Chain letlooeng) nanosnik (tšepe poleiti). Tshebediso ya tshireletso ya ka mokgwa wa masken (masken) Russia e ne e fumanoa seoelo, boholo ba tsona li ne li mo hapa lihelmete, tse sebelisoang haholo Europe. Tlhaloso ea mohlabani ea boholo-holo, a sireletsa ka litlalehong tsa histori ea, e re batho ba ha ba ho ipata, 'me scowl ka hlabella fatše sera. Helmets etsoa ka halofo-maske bakeng sa bahlabani ba ruileng le ba hlomphehang, ba tšoauoa ka lintlha tse le khabisitsoeng le, e leng u se ke ua etsa mesebetsi ea ho sireletsa.

chainmail

Karolo e tsebahalang ka ho fetisisa tsa liaparo tsa mohlabani ea boholo-holo, ho ea ka site ba lintho tse epolotsoeng, le hlaha ka VII - lekholong la lilemo la VIII. Poso ke hempe ea masale tšepe ka thata-thata ya kokangana. Ka nako ena, benghali ne ho le thata haholo ho etsa tšireletso e joalo, mosebetsi o ne o motle 'me ba sebeletsa e le otlolle e telele ea nako. Metal phethola ka terata ho tloha eo masale a a phuthilweng le welded, ba tsitsitseng mong ho e mong ho ea ka leqheka la 1 ho ea ho 4. Bonyane 20 - 25 tysyach masale a ileng a bopa ketane poso, e leng boima ba lik'hilograma tse 6 ho ea ho 16. Ho khabisa ka lesela lohiloeng maqhama koporo. Ka XII thekenoloji lekholong la lilemo la otla ka litebele e sebediswa ha pantshisi-tse braided lesale hore e fana ka tšireletso ea ho feta sebakeng seo. Ka nako e tšoanang chainmail ba e seng kae, ho na le lihlomo tsa likarolo tse eketsehileng: nagovitsy (tšepe, braided stockings) Barmitsa (letlooeng ho sireletsa molaleng), bracers (tšepe litlelafo). Tlasa lihlomo tsofetseng liaparo quilted, softening matla a tshusumetso. Ka nako e tšoanang ka Russia sebelisoa lamellar (poleiti) lihlomo. Bakeng sa tlhahisong ea motheo oa hlokahala (hempe) ea letlalo eo tlamella ka thata-thata tšesaane tšepe lamellae. bolelele bona e ne e le 6 - 9 cm,, bophara ho tloha ho 1 ho 3. The poleiti lihlomo butle-butle pushed poso le esita le rekiswang linaheng tse ling. Russia, scaly, lamellar, le e-mail, hangata e ho kopantswe. Yushman, bahterets ne hantle ketane poso hore ho eketsa thepa ea sireletsang lipoleiti le fa ka sefubeng sa. Qalong ea ea XIV lekholong la lilemo la e mosa e ncha tsa ntoa - Seipone. Metal lipoleiti tsa boholo kgolo, haholo bentšitsoeng hangata tsofetseng fetang mail. Ka mahlakoreng le mahetleng a amana ka ho TLAMA letlalo, hangata khabisitsoeng ka mefuta e sa tšoaneng ea tšoantšetso.

sebetsa

liaparo sireletsang mohlabani ea boholo-holo e ne e se sa finyellehe habonolo lihlomo tsa, empa ke leseli la hore e fana ka ho feta maneuverability bahlabani le ba fulang metsu ka maemo a ntoa. Ho latela boitsebiso bo ka amohela ho mehloli Byzantium histori, "Rusich" Ho na le 'meleng matla haholo. Ka V - VI le makholo a lilemo libetsa tsa baholo-holo ba rōna ba khale haholo, sebediswa bakeng sa ntoa le haufi. Ka baka tšenyo bohlokoa ho sera e ne e le boima haholo, 'me ka ho eketsehileng ile a hlomelloa le likarolo bolaea. Ho iphetola ha lintho ea libetsa e ile ea etsahala khahlanong le semelo sa tsoelo-pele ea theknoloji le liphetoho tse ka leqheka la ntoa. Battledore tsamaiso, ho thibelloa mechine stitching le seha lisebelisoa tšepe 'nile ha sebelisoa ka makholo a lilemo a mangata,' me moralo bona e se e sa khaotse a ntlafala. Ba bang ba ba le likhopolo tsa ho ithuta ba tsoang lichabeng tse ling tse, empa e boetse e le baqapi Russia le gunsmiths kamehla fapane originality ea ho atamela le ho tšepahala ha tsamaiso ea maiketsetso.

makala

Libetsa tsa ntoa le haufi tsebahalang ho lichaba tsohle, ka meso ea tsoelo-pele, maikutlo a-holo li ne Mace. Sena ke tlelabo boima, leo qetellong a reteleha tšepe. Ka ba bang ba embodiments, utloisisa Spikes tšepe kapa manala. Hangata ka ho fetisisa ho buuoang ka matsatsi Russia hammoho le Mace Mace, morningstar, bludgeon. Ka lebaka la boiketlo ba proizvodnje ebile e sebetsa ka libetsa ntoa a teraekile ho ne ho atile. Sabole le elgohry e mokhoa o sa fellang mahae, empa militia le bahlabani ba tsoela pele ho sebelisa eona ka ntoa. Bo-rahistori ba e thehilweng ka motheong oa mehloli e ya data Chronicle le epolloa tloaelehileng potreite ea monna e mong ea neng a tsebahala e le Serussia lesole le khale. Photos reconstructions, hammoho le a sireletsa ho setšoantšo sa rōna bahale nako, ba bonnete ba hore kenyeletsa mofuta ofe kapa ofe ea libetsa tse khopisang, hangata e le ka bokgoni ba ena sebeletsang Mace tsomo.

Slashing, hlabang

Historing ea Russia ea boholo-holo ke habohlokoa sabole. O hase feela mofuta o ka sehloohong oa libetsa, empa e boetse e le letšoao la matla a bohosana. Sebediswa lithipa na mefuta e 'maloa, ba ile ba li ne li bitsoa sebakeng apere: zasapozhnye hlalosa podsaydashnye. Ba ne ba sebelisa, hammoho le sabole le ka Mace. Libetsa tsa liphetoho ea boholo-holo mohlabani ka X la lilemo, nkeloa sebaka sabole tla elgohry. ntoa hae le litšobotsi tse Russia hlahlojoa ntoeng le nomads ba alima le sebopeho. Marumo le marumo a li har'a mefuta e ho fetisisa ea boholo-holo ea libetsa hlabang, e leng e se e masole a ka katleho sebelisoa e le ho itšireletsa le ho khopisang. Ha sebelisoa ka ho tšoanang le eo, ba 'nile ba ba bile teng ba ho ikhethang. Marumo a butle-butle nkeloa sebaka marumo hore ba ile ba ntlafala ka Sulitsa. Lilepe loana ha feela balemi (nu a le militia), empa retinue khosana e. Ka mofuta ona wa mounted bahlabani Sebetsa ne e khutšoanyane mohele, Marines (Bahlabani) thabela lilepe tsa bona ka shafts e telele. Berdysh (selepe le lehare ka bophara) ka XIII - lekholong la lilemo la XIV fetoha sebetsa se Strelets mabotho. Hamorao o ile a sokolohela halberd ka.

nyane

chelete kaofela li sebelisoa ka letsatsi le letsatsi ka tsoma le lapeng, masole a Russia sebelisoa e le sebetsa sa sesole. Luka entseng ho tloha manaka a liphoofolo le lehong loketse (birch, junipere). Ba bang ba bona ba ne ba limithara tse fetang tse peli ka nako e telele. Ho boloka metsu e sebediswa ka mahetla khohlopo, e neng e entsoe ka letlalo, ka linako tse ling khabisitsoeng brocades, bohlokoa le seka-ea bohlokoa majoe. Ho hlahisa metsu ba ile ba tlotsoa 'moba, birch,' moba, apole sefate, ho eo o ne a khomaretse Lysina tšepe ntlheng. Ka X lekholong la lilemo la seqha moralo e bile e rarahaneng haholo, 'me ho etsa thepa thulaganyou e lona o boima. Crossbows ne ba le mosa ba atlehang ba libetsa projectile. mosing bona e ka tekanyo ea mollo, empa nsete (sebediswa e le projectile a) Inflicts tshenyo ho feta ha otla otla ka litebele lihlomo. Ho hula ka bowstring crossbow ne ho le thata, esita le e le bahlabani matla ka ho fetisisa a phomola bakeng sa ka mofeng le raha. Ka XII lekholong la lilemo la ho potlakisa le ho nolofatsa mokhoa ona o ile a qala ho sebelisa hakising hore ba fulang metsu o ne a roala ka lebanta la hae. Pele ho qaptjoa mechine ea fire- liqha libetsa, crossbows, crossbows li ne li sebelisoa ka lebotho la Russia.

seaparo

Basele ba ileng ba etela motseng o Russia ea XII - XIII la lilemo, ka ipotsa hore masole a kamoo li hlomeletsoe. Ha kaofela bonahalang bulkiness lihlomo (haholo-holo bakeng sa bapalami boima) bapalami bonolo ka ho lekaneng hore sebetsa mesebetsi ngata. Lutseng saddle, ba mohlabani ea ka nkang batho reins (edita le horse), thunya ka seqha kapa crossbow le lokisetsa haufi ntoa sabole + e boima. The bapalami ba lipere e ile tsamaisa ngongoregong matla, kahoo outfitting mopalami e le pere e lokela ho ba leseli la ka, empa e le matla. Sefubeng, lijo-thollo le lehlakoreng steed koaloa ke likoahelo khethehileng, tse entsoeng ka lintho tse bonahalang le lipoleiti sewn tšepe. Thepa ea mohlabani ea boholo-holo e se e setse ho monyetla. Saddles entsoe ka lehong, Archer lumelloa ho retelehela ka lehlakoreng le fapaneng le fula lebelo feletseng, ha ho laola tataiso ea tshisinyo ya pere. Ho fapana le bahlabani ba Europe la nako eo, clad ka lihlomo tsa ka ho feletseng, khanya lihlomo tsa Serussia li ne li lebisa tlhokomelo pele ho loanela le nomads. Ho bahlomphehi pele, likhosana, marena libetsa le lihlomo tsa di loana le parade, tse neng li ka ho enneng khabisitsoeng le hlomelloa le matšoao a naha. Ba ile ba amohela manģosa tsoang linaheng tse ling 'me a tsoela pele matsatsi a phomolo.