Ntoa ea Leipzig (ka 1813)

Ntoa ea Leipzig - e mong oa lintoa tse khōlō lilemong tsa bo Napoleonic Lintoa. E ileng sa etsahala ka Saxony 4 - 7 Mphalane ka 1813 contender ntoeng e ne e le lihlopha tsa masole a lebotho la Napoleon le la botšelela-ba khahlanong le French entseng selekane.

Background ea ntoeng

Russia phutuho ea Napoleon ka 1812, ba qetella ka ho hloleha ho feletseng. Sena se ile sa etsa hore ho bōptjoa ha bahanyetsi ba moemphera botšelela-ba khahlanong le French entseng selekane. E entsoe ka likaroloana tse Russia, Engelane, Prussia, Spain, Portugal, Sweden.

Pele ea ntoeng e khōlō e ile ea etsahala pakeng tsa qothisanang lehlokoa le ka Bautzen, le mohloli oa oona e tlile lebotho French. Masole botšelela -ba khahlanong le French entseng selekane a atleha ho hlōla Napoleon ka Grosberenom, Katzbach, le Dennewitz Kulm. Ka 1813, e entseng selekane le qala e khopisang ka Dresden le Saxony 'me ka potlako o ile a nka e tummeng ntoa ea Leipzig.

Boemo bosiung la ntoa

E le hore re utloisise lintho tse bakelang ikhule Napoleon le hlōla lebotho la hae, ba lokela ho nahana ka boemo boo ka ntoa ea Leipzig. Ka 1813 ea e-ba boima ka ho lekaneng hore Saxony. Ka hoetla ea hore tšimo ea 3 pele kopanyoa mabotho: North (tlas'a taelo ea Sweden Crown Prince Jean Bernadotte), Bohemia (Austria Field Marshal K. Shvartserber) g, le Silesian (Prussian General G. Blucher). Le eena o ile ntoeng: le Poland Army (Gen. L. Benningsen) e nakoana e neng e tšoaretsoe pokello.

Napoleon o ne a qalong o ne a tšepile ho otla hakolla thapo masole, empa ka potlako ho fetola tikoloho, ho hloka nako le boiteko ba qobelloa hore a tlohele boikemisetso ba hae. Moemphera oa lebotho la French ile a beha a le seterekeng sa Leipzig.

Ea ho hlophisoa le matla a qothisanang lehlokoa

Motho a tsebe histori ea ntoa ena, potso e ka hlaha: "Ke hobane'ng ha ntoa ea Leipzig bitsoa ntoa ea lichaba?". 'nete ea hore lehlakoreng Napoleon ka kgohlano e amehang le French, lipalo, ea Dutch, le Mataliana, e Belgians le Saxons. Ka nako e tšoanang e le karolo ea Selekane mabotho a ne Austrians, Swedes, lichaba tsa Serussia Empire, e Prussians, Bavarians.

Lebotho la French e ne e ba banna ba 200.000 le 700 lithunya ena. The Bohemian loana masole a ka bang 133 tse sekete, ba neng ba 578 mahlaahlela. Silezkaya lebotho la e le oa banna 60.000, le North - 58 000, e leng hona teng 315 lithunya le 256, ka ho latellana. The mabotho Poland ne 54 likete masole a le 186 mahlaahlela.

Liketsahalo October 4

Ntoa ea Lichaba ka 1813 haufi le Leipzig hore o ile a qala ka site moo lebotho o ne a eme Bohemia. Esita le pele ho ntoa e ile ea aroloa lihlopha tse tharo. Tlhaselo ka sehloohong ka French ile ba beha karolo ea pele tlas'a taelo ea M. B. Barklaya de Khao Tolly. Nakong ea khopisang e, letsatsi la la 4 October, sehlopha sena tšoara palo e metse. Empa Austrians hana MB Barclay de Khao Tolly ho tšehetsa le ho ba ile ba tlameha ho Retreat.
Napoleon o bapalami ba lipere botseta tlas'a taelo ea Murat qala ka katleho e kholo ka sebakeng se nang le. Wachau. Ka Cossack Regiment leba Ie Efraime, e ne e le karolo ea lebotho la Alexander I, lebotho la French e se e beha khutlela boemong bo a simolla.
Tse ling Napoleon nyonya tlhaselo ea lira tsa sebakeng sena le Viderits Möckern. Ha shoalane e tšoara, ntoa e ile a khaotsa ho ka 'nģa tsohle. Sera sa maemo a ho ea qetellong ea ntoa ha e le hantle ba fetoha. Nakong ea lintoa tse qothisanang lehlokoa le ba lahlehetsoeng ke hoo e ka bang 30 tse sekete. Mong le e mong.

Results ea letsatsi pele

Ka letsatsi la pele la ntoa ea Leipzig neng e letse e re atamele ka. mahlakoreng ka bobeli a ile a fumana a leeme tlhōlo (lebotho la Napoleon a ho Lidenau le Wachau, Selekane - tlas'a Mekerne), e ba ne ba sa ama boemo ka kakaretso. Empa boemo ba entseng selekane-ba khahlanong le French e ne e molemo ka lebaka la 'nete ea hore ba ile ba tla ho thuso ea Bennigsen le Bernadotte. Napoleon o ne a bala feela ho kampetsoeng tse nyenyane tsa Rhine.

Liketsahalo ka la 5 October,

Ka letsatsi lena la bohato sesole ha aa ka a lula a. Feela ka leboea oa lebotho Blucher o hapa metse le Oytritssh Golis 'me a le haufi le Leipzig. Bosiu Napoleon beileng ka ditlhopha lebotho le hore li tlise ho motse. Ka lebaka leo, lebotho la French behoa selikalikoe ho itšireletsa haufi Leipzig. Ka lehlakoreng le leng, Napoleon o lebotho la entseng selekane le pota-potiloe ke semicircle tsa Silesian - ka leboea, North le Poland - bochabela Bohemia - boroa.

Liketsahalo October 6

Ntoa ea Leipzig o ile a tsoela pele hoseng ka 6 October. Ka lona letsatsi lena, lebotho la French ile a nka boemo ba ho itšireletsa, 'me ka lahleheloa ke lintlha tsa bohlokoa tsa ea atlehileng stats-tlhaselo. Puso kelello tsa masole Napoleon o foka ka chifi ea tšohanyetso ea Saxon bapalami ba lipere Division le Württemberg lehlakoreng Selekane. ekiloeng bona lebisa ho depopulation tsa boemo ba bohareng, empa moemphera o ile a khona ho ka potlako lahlela ho pokello le tsitsisa boemo boo. Army tlhaselo-ba khahlanong le French ikopantseng, hape, ha se atleha haholo. Ena e ne e ka lebaka la ho isa linakong tse fapaneng le sa dumellane khopisang ka ho se sebetse ea diyuniti le pokello.
The lintoa ka sehloohong letsatsing lena tshwerweng tlas'a Probstgeyde, Tsukelgauzenom, Goltsgauzenom, Dozenom, Paunsdorf le Losnigom. Ho ea qetellong ea letsatsi le French ile a khona ho tšoara boemo ba ka hoo e ka bang flanks tsohle, ntle le setsi. Empa ba lahlehetsoe ke hoo e ka bang kaofela ha ntoa Kit lona le Napoleon o ne a tseba hore boemo bona bo tla etsa hore ho timetsoa ka ho feletseng ea sesoleng.

Liketsahalo Mphalane 7

Hoseng ha la 7 October, lebotho la Napoleon o ile a qala ho Retreat. The entseng selekane ba ne ba sa ikemisetsa ho khaotsa lebotho French ka atamela ho Elster, ba ile ba romela mabotho a bona ho hlasela Leipzig. Ho etsa sena, litšiea tse tharo li bōpiloe, tseo kapele feela o ile a fallela motseng. Batho ba moo ba ne ba ba kōpa hore ba se ke qala ntoa, empa ba khahlanong le French entseng selekane a batla palo yohle inehele tsa Napoleon. Ho ja lijo tsa motšehare le bathusi itsohlometsa eaba marako a motse.
French taelo ea ile ka boomo letsa fihlela borokho ho fetela ho Elster, ho khaola lebotho la lona ke Selekane le lumella hore e phonyohe. Empa e ne e lema ka moea pele ho nako 'me likarolong tse ling ba neng ba setse motseng. Ba ne ba tlameha ho baleha ka ho sesa. masole a mangata ba ile ba bolaoa le letona le ka metsing. Har'a bona e ne e le Marshal J. Poniatowski. Hamorao mantsiboeeng ao lebotho-ba khahlanong le French entseng selekane a khona ho Leipzig.

Liphello tsa ntoa

tahlehelo kakaretso Napoleon o ea e-ba ba ka bang 60 tse sekete. Masole, ka palo e tšoanang la masole lahlehileng-ba khahlanong le French entseng selekane. masole Imperial khona ho qoba palo yohle hlōloa haholo ka lebaka la 'nete ea hore liketso tsa entseng selekane li ne li sa hantle hokahanngoa le babusi European hangata e ne e ke ke finyella tumellano.

Le liphello tse bohlokwa lipolotiki e ile ea etsa ntoa ea Leipzig. Selemo ka 1813 e ile ea e-ba thata haholo bakeng sa Napoleon. Ka mor'a ho hlōloa ho Ntoa ea Leipzig o ile a lateloa ke ho putlama ha e ikopantseng ea Rhine. Ka mor'a ho lokolloa ha ho bohato Jeremane sesole namela naheng ea Fora. Ka March, ho entse selekane ba ne ba nkile Paris le ka hare ho naha ho na le e ne e le ho tsosolosoa ha marena le.

Ya memori ea Battle of Leipzig

Ntoa ea Leipzig (ntoa ea lichaba), e mong oa bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa historing ea lintoa Napoleonic. E boetse e boleloa e le e "Battle tsa Baemphera Three"
Ho ikhopotsa ntoa ena Jeremane ka 1814 e ile phethahatsoa ka tlhōlo hlollang.
Ka 1913, se seholo ka sefika "Monument ho Ntoa ea Lichaba" ho ile ha buloa Leipzig.

Haufi le e boetse e hahiloeng St. Aleksievsky tempele, moo kajeno patoa masole a oele. Re lokela ho hlokomela hore ka GDR ne a rerile ho timetsa sefika, ha a ntse a nkoa e le tlotlisoeng ha bochaba Sejeremane. Leha ho le joalo, ha nako e ntse e qala ho nkoa e le letšoao la setsoalle le Russia 'me ba boholong ba ile ba etsa qeto ea ho boloka le sefika.
Hape, 100th sehopotso ea ntoeng sehopotso chelete ea tšepe (3 matshwao) e se e lokolloa.
Kajeno, Leipzig e teng ka dimusiamo maloa inehetseng ho historing ea ntoa e khōlō.