Nikele segokanyipalo le thepa tse ling. nikele manya

Nikele (Ni) - ke elements lik'hemik'hale tsa nako le nako tsamaiso eo ea Mendeleev, eo e kenyelelitsoe a rapeloang ka boraro Fe, Co, Ni. Nikele ke tšepe tsa 'mala o mosoeu le bonahaleng oa silevera Sheen. Ho tsoela hantle le lirafshoa tse ling tse ya ho theha lits'epe tse kopantsoeng ka nako e tšoanang.

Ho sibolloa ha nikele

nikele manya ile pele a fumana ke setsebi sa k'hemistri ho tloha Sweden A. Cronstedt ka 1751. Nako e telele pele basebetsi ba merafong lona qalong ho tswa manya Saxony o ne a tseba hantle hore ntle shebahala joaloka koporo e. E ne e sebelisetsoa ho etsa lihlahisoa steklovarami tala. Hangata e steelmakers tsa nako eo o leka ho fumana tsoa motsoako ona tsa koporo, empa boiteko ba bona kaofela ba ile ba hlōleha. Ka lebaka leo, qetellong ea lekholo la lilemo la XVII. Nikele tšepe a lebitso la eona la pele - ". Satane manya" "kupfernikel", leo le fetoletsoeng e le ho bolela Mineralogist Cronstedt ntse a khona ho fumana oxide e tala, 'me ke phokotsong ea bobeli e ile ea fumanoa ka nikele boeona.

dipatlisiso ka ho eketsehileng tsa tšepe kopanela rasaense Bergman. Amohela ka eona foromo e hloekileng, e le khona ho theha hore thepa ya nikele haufi le litšobotsi tsa tšepe. Ka ho qaqileng ho feta, tšepe ena e ithutile ke bafuputsi ba a mang, ho tloha Proust. Butle-butle fumane hantle thepa tsa bona tse sa tšoaneng, ho akarelletsa le segokanyipalo sa tsa nikele. Ha e le hantle, lentsoe "Nikkel" ke le litšila lentsoe basebetsi ba merafong. Ho tluoa tabeng ea ho tswa ho a fosahetseng mabapi le Niccolaus 'me a sebeletsa le lebitso la boswaswi duplicitous, batho ba bolotsana. Moelelo oa bobeli oa lentsoe e ne e le "moea o bomenemene," "slacker."

nikele segokanyipalo le thepa tse ding

Nikele na thepa kang ductility le malleability. makgetheng tsena ho etsa hore ho be bonolo ho pepesa a hire hae. Ho tswa ho o ile a fumana maqephe a tšepe le methapo. Nikele - ho ena le tsoarellang lintho tse bonahalang. matla a lona tensile ke 450 MPa. Kahoo vysokoplastichen, 'me o boetse o phahameng ts'enyeho hanyetsa. The conductivity mogote wa nikele ke 90,1 W / (limithara · K) (ho 25 ° C).

Epilwe tšepe comprised tsa isotopes hlano tsitsitseng. Nikele e classified e le tšepe e boima. Nikele segokanyipalo ke 8902 lik'hilograma / noun m ^3. Ke ka makhetlo a mabeli ho feta ea thaethaniamo, empa boleng lona tlhamiwe o lekana le segokanyipalo sa tsa koporo.

E nikele mafome koahetsoe?

Nikele e manganga ho thempereichara e phahameng. Ha tšepe ena e sebediswa tikolohong e liindasteri, hangata koahetsoeng ka oxide e filimi, le e nyenyane hanyenyane dimming. E boetse e se koahetsoeng ka ratoa ke mafome. Ha a etse lintho ka eona, 'me acid e - ka ka manyolo kapa inorganic. Mafome ha koahela tšepe ena esita le ka ho noa joala chesang. Ka lebaka leo, nikele e atisa ho sebelisa ho indasteri e lijo.

Moo nikele ka 'na ba ho ya ts'enyeho?

Ka palo yohle ho na le ba bang ba libakeng moo tšepe ka 'na o tla timetsoa. Pele, ke leoatle ka metsing. Ho ekelletsa moo, ho hampe ama alkaline hypochlorite tharollo. Sebabole hape e etsa hore ts'enyeho, ditharollo letsoai metsi ammonia.

lits'epe tse kopantsoeng nikele

tšepe ena ke tseloe molemo bakeng sa tšepe. E eketsa ductility lona le matla. Tlaleletsa ka nikele le chromium lits'epe tse kopantsoeng fana phahameng ts'enyeho hanyetsa tsa steels. Ho pharaletseng sebelisoa ka indasteri chromium-nikele tšepe glassware, tseo ka tsela eo ba le boemo bo phahameng ba thermostability.

k'hemistri A tsebahalang lits'epe tse kopantsoeng moo nikele ke elements khōlō. Segokanyipalo nikele dumella ho e sebelisa ka ho lits'epe tse kopantsoeng ka tšepe, aluminium, a mankanese a, chromium le ka silicon. lits'epe tse kopantsoeng joalo li sebelisoa bakeng sa ho bōpa heaters. Ba na le boemo bo phahameng ba e lumellang metsi ho kena a khoheli a. Le boetse le sebelisoa ka tšepe liheloe boenjiniere bo, eo ho eona nikele e eketsa. Industrial tlhahiso ea tšepe e ile ea qala hoo e ka bang lilemong tse lekholo tse fetileng. Ka tsela eo ka 80% ea nikele e sebediswa bakeng sa ho hlahisa tšepe le nikele lits'epe tse kopantsoeng.

likarolong tse ling tsa kopo tsa tšepe

Nikele le lits'epe tse kopantsoeng tsa lona li sebelisoa, eseng feela bakeng sa ho hlahisa glassware steels. Tšepe le lits'epe tse kopantsoeng sebelisoa le ho nka karolo ea hae ka ho bōptjoa ha thepa lik'hemik'hale, shipbuilding. Nichrome le chromel ke likarolo constituent ya disebediswa ba ntlo: toasters, litšepeng, le heaters sebaka. lits'epe tse kopantsoeng tse ling li sebelisoang ka kaho ea methapo ea sesole sa metsing. Nikele coatings hangata le khabisitsoeng le.

tšepe toxicity

The kgolo palo ya nikele e ka ba le liphello tse bohloko ka 'mele. Eketseha dikahare tsa lona ka lijo ka bua ka kotsi ka ho toba bophelo. The lebaka fetisisa khafetsa ka ikopanya le ka tsela e feteletseng le 'mele nikele - e ke allergy. e boetse e etsa hore la bronchitis, lefu a liphio, 'me kankere ea matšoafo. Empa nikele toxicity bontša ka boeona e feela haeba e le ka 'mele oa ka bongata.