Natural Reserve tsa Region Leningrad

Lintho tsa tlhaho tsa sebakeng Leningrad e otlang ka mofuta oa eona, le fapane. Ho ruileng maeto lona le botle e le kannete bohlokoa haholo. A sehloohong sena a re tla bua ka libaka tsa ho sireletsa tikoloho ea sebaka se Leningrad.

tsamaiso ea PA

tšimong ea joalo e lula 570 dihekthara tse le akhaonteng sekete. ka bang 6% ya sebakeng kakaretso ea sebakeng seo. Libakeng tsohle tse joalo sebakeng se Leningrad - 40, eo 2 feela ke sa bohlokoa muso - ke Nizhne-Svirsky Nature Reserve Leningrad sebakeng le pokello "Mshinskaya mokhoabong."

Hlano khethehileng o ile a sireletsa libaka. Ba teng tlas'a boemo ba libaka tse mongobo tse kabelo ea machaba. Libakeng tsena, ho eketsehileng mokgwa wa khethehileng tšireletso. O ne a hlahiswa ho sireletsa boleng ba waterfowl phelang.

dihlopha PA

Lebakeng teng sebakeng Leningrad li arotsoe ka mekhahlelo e ka sehloohong:

1. Nature mehloli St. Petersburg le Leningrad sebakeng.
2. Lirapeng tsa boikhathollo, a bōpa ka tlhaho.
3. Mehloli.
4. Natural liemahale.

libakeng tsohle sireletsoa - mehloli ea St. Petersburg le sebakeng Leningrad - fapana ho e mong le tse ling tse ka litšobotsi tse itseng, tse kang:

1. Ka morero oa ho bōpa e sebakeng sireletsoa.
2. Area.
3. le melao ea tsamaiso tikoloho.
4. Ho ba teng kapa ho ba sieo ha basebetsi le ba bang.

PA sehlopha phahameng ka ho fetisisa

Ha Sepheo sa tšireletso ba tsamaiso ea tsohle tsa tlhaho, kaofela mehloli ea St. Petersburg le Leningrad sebakeng e tla ba ea sehlopha phahameng ka ho fetisisa sa libaka sireletsoa. E tlameha ho ba le basebetsi saense le, e loketseng, tshireletso naha. Sebakeng sena, u ke ke ua kopanela mosebetsing oa moruo. Hape, ho na le mefokolo e thata ka ho ba teng. Joalokaha ho boletsoe ka holimo, sehlopha sena e leng Nizhnesvirsky Nature Reserve.

Nizhnesvirsky Nature Reserve

Ho ile ha thehoa ka June 1980. Hlophisitsoe ke Museum-Reserve sebakeng Leningrad e le hore ho boloka liphoofolo morui, le mefuta e sa tloaelehang a liphoofolo tse teng ka hara naha ea 'mele ona e ikhethang ea metsi e le Lake Ladoga, hammoho le:

• lebōpong le ka lona;
• potolohileng lehong le srednetaezhnom mofuta;
• mokhoabong;
• libaka tsa linonyana tse fallang;
• spawning tsa mefuta e fapa-fapaneng litlhapi.

Nizhne-Svirsky - ya mofuta pokello ea sebaka se Leningrad, sebakeng sona - Lodeynopolsky area. Sebaka sebakeng seo o ile a sireletsa e 41 sekete. Dihekthara tse.

Tlhaloso e Khutšoanyane ea pokello ea

tšimong eo Reserve ke ea libaka tse mongobo, ba ile ba ke tsa bohlokoa ea machaba. Ba phela le sehlaha sepane waterfowl. E leng karolo ea boraro ea libaka sireletsoa - sebakeng se mokhoabo, kapa e le feela - ka mokhoabong. About 20 sekete. Dihekthara tse e koahetsoe ke meru. Metsi a Lake Ladoga ke ea 5 sekete. Dihekthara tse naha moru. Ea liphallelo ea pokello ke bataletseng, ho na le lehlabathe lebōpong maporogo le libaka tse mongobo downgrade. Natural Reserve ea sebaka se Leningrad e tšoauoa ka mobu podzolic, ho busoa ke bog podzolic le bog peat. Beheloa tlisang liphallelo tseo re li bonang kajeno, Ho thehoa le tlas'a tšusumetso ea lintlha tse peli:

• ho qhibiliha tsa Valdai thaba ea leqhoa;
• Process letšeng-alluvial bokella.

Boemo ba leholimo libakeng tse le e leng Nizhne-Svirsky pokello, kontinenteng, ka tšusumetso ea Leoatle la Baltic. Ka hoetla le mariha e laoloa ke leboea-bophirimela moea, 'me ka selemo le lehlabula - ka boroa-bophirimela. Ka hare ho naha 'mele oa metsi o ile a sireletsa sebaka, e leng pokello ea sebaka se Leningrad - Segezha letšeng. sebakeng sa eona sa 15 sq. km SE. Botebo ka ho fetisisa - 5 limithara, e ka tlase e lehlabathe. Metsi ka letšeng, ho sa tsotellehe sebaka lona har'a mosses le mekhoabong, e hlakileng le e khanyang.

Nōka ea telele ka ho fetisisa Nizhnesvirsky Nature Reserve - Segezha. Ho latelang ho tswa ho letšeng e tšoanang. Metsi leseling la hae la pele, 'me joale ka tsela eo ho jang Marsh creeks, le darkens ho molomo. Ha e le hantle, matamo le bohle ba nang le hlahang ho yona bona ka peat bogs, 'me ka hona ba ba le metsi a lefifi haholo. The matamo ka sehloohong:

• Lake Ladoga;
• Lake Syarba;
• Bay Lahti.

Flora Nizhne-Svirsky pokello

Kakaretso ea ka pokello e ho na le tse fetang 1300 mefuta ea limela, tseo boholo ba tsona li kotsing ea ho fela le ka seoelo. Kaha Nizhne-Svirsky e leng bohareng ba lebanta taiga, 'me limela, e ruileng le lirapeng tsa boikhathollo kaofela St. Petersburg le Leningrad sebakeng, e tloaelehileng ea le taiga karolelano ea karolo e Europe la Russia. About 80% ea meru tsohle ka libaka sireletsoa - phaene, ka predominance tsa lifate phaene. Empa hōle ka Nizhne-Svirsky le lifate tse nyenyane-leaved tse kang:

• birch (fluffy le povislaja);
• Aspen (thothomela phagocyte);
• alder (ea bohlooho le ba batsho).

Ho phaella moo, meru nyenyane-leaved hangata e akarelletsa ho undergrowth le lifate tse latelang le lihlahla:

• buckthorn;
• viburnum;
• Rowan;
• raspberry;
• ba batsho currant;
• cherries le ba bang.

Pine ikutloe hantle ka mobu lehlabathe. Ka linaheng tse nonneng laoloa ke phaene - European le Sefinnishe. Litlama moru koahela sekoahelo futsanehile haholo, lihlahla busitse cranberries le Heather.

Ho phaella tabeng ea ho dimela tse boletsoeng ka holimo, ba hōla, 'me baemeli ba tse ling tsa limela le libakeng tse sireletswa, eo ke mehloli ea sebaka se Leningrad. Lenane la limela tsena:

• moriri joang bo;
• bracken;
• rosemary;
• blueberries;
• blueberries;
• khahla ea phula;
• ts'oara ka letsohong;
• myrte Marsh et al a.

A le lilemo li karolelano ea meru ea phaene ea libakeng tse sireletswa ho lilemo tse ka bang 85 lilemo tse, phaene - ba ka bang 100 lilemo tse. Ka thata ho ba pakela ho rengoa ha lifate libaka ba ka fumanoa le libakeng tse moru e tsoetseng pele ho feta lilemo - lilemo tse 200.

Libaka tse mongobo, ho akarelletsa le mabalane Ladoga letšeng koahetsoeng ka lehlaka. Etsoe hase ka libaka tse mongobo malandro e ntse e hōla massively. Ho:

• aquifolium;
• triandra;
• blackish;
• filikolistnuyu et al a.

Ho elella bofelong ba lehlabula le hoetla meru ya pokello ateloa le mefuta e fapaneng ya li-mushroom ke tsena:

• tšoeu masheromo;
• bolete;
• likhakanyo tsa sebakeng;
• greasers et al a.

Mefuta e meng ea li-fungus tse thathamisitsoeng ka Red Book: osinovik tšoeu cortinarius pherese, polushnik bristly le ba bang.

tlhapi

Ka linōka le matša a sebakeng seo o ile a sireletsa le baahi ka ho mefuta e 34 ea litlhapi fapaneng. Ha e le hantle ke suborder tsa masatsoana, har'a bona ke libatana litlhapi. Ka ho khetheha, ka metsi a Ladoga ringed tiiso e fumanoa, 'me spawn latelang ka Svir Bay:

1. Pike.
2. Bream.
3. Sudak.
4. Sabrefish.
5. Kalaneng.
6. Rudd.
7. ASP.
8. Roach et al a.

Ea sticklebacks tlhapi e sa tloaelehang ka 'na ba re: e three- le nine-.

The liphoofolo tsa Nizhne-Svirsky pokello

Musiamo-Reserve sebakeng Leningrad ruileng ka baemeli ba lefatšeng liphoofolo. Feela Nizhnesvirsky tlalehiloeng mefuta 348 tsa vertebrates. The tse fapa-fapaneng tsa liphoofolo tse hlaha ka ho toba ho amana le naha le limela. Tlase ke Leningrad Region, pokello phoofolo, moru-bolulo le seng feela:

1. Bere e sootho.
2. Fofang lent.
3. Moose.
4. Phiri.
5. Fox.
6. Mink.
7. Boar.
8. Beaver.
9. Rys.
10. Girl manga et al a.

liphoofolo tse anyesang tsohle tse tlalehiloeng ka sebaka sa mefuta e ka bang 44. Ho se tšoane ho hoholo mefuta ea likhoto - 17, libatana - 13. Ho hlakile hore boiketlo ba liphoofolo tse hlaha e ka kotloloho itšetlehile ka palo ea litoeba, hobane ke lijo tsa bona. Qothomang liphoofolo tse li fapane ka boholo, ba:

1. Tlwaelehileng protheine.
2. Muskrat.
3. Banka vole.
4. Toeba-lesea jj

Masiba Reserve Musiamo oa sebakeng Leningrad o fetang 250 mefuta e. Ba bangata ba bona ba lula sebakeng seo o ile a sireletsa nakoana, ka nako ya nako nesting kapa ho falla. Har'a bona ho na le linonyana tse thathamisitsoeng ka kotsing, ba:

1. Tšoeu-gelada ntsu.
2. Phakoe e jang litlhapi.
3. Black Stork.
4. Filin.
5. Fritillaria.
6. Capercaillie.
7. Gray Crane et al a.

Natural mehloli Leningrad sebakeng na e nyenyane ea lihahabi. The marabe atileng ka ho fetisisa le mefuta e meraro ea mekholutsoane.

Ho fihlela joale, ho Nizhne-Svirsky pokello ntshetswa litsela tse 'maloa tsa bahahlauli, extending ho tloha 6 ho 40 km SE. E mong oa bona - metsi, 'me ba bang kaofela ka maoto. Litsela ho fana ka monyetla oa ho bona le ho ananela botle tsohle tsa tlhaho tsa sebakeng Leningrad, 'me ba thabela moea o hloekileng le metsi a hloekileng hole litsela tse kholo le lifektheri.