Mokhoa oa ho fumana ho tloha methane acetylene

E le hore ho fumana methane e ea acetylene, ho ke ke ho hlokahala hore ho tsamaisa dehydrogenation itšoara joang. Pele embarking ka tlhahlobo ea lona, sekaseka tse ling hydrocarbon ho khetheha.

Litšobotsi tsa acetylene

Ena ntho gaseous, e leng moemeli oa pele ea sehlopheng sa hydrocarbons unsaturated (alkynes). Ho bobebe ho feta moea, ke hampe qhibilihang ka har'a metsi. Limolek'hule moralo C ₂ H _2, ho tloaelehile hore ho sehlopha sa lohle SPN _2-n-2. Acetylene ho nkoa lik'hemik'hale mafolofolo, ntle ho ho phatloha ho fetisisa. E le hore ho qoba maemo a tshohanyetso, e bolokwa ka lik'hontheinara tiisitsoe tšepe, phaella ka ho re ho e mashala a lifate.

Ho tloha alkanes

Holim 'a li bole kapele' ea methane e acetylene fumana. Sena itsoara joang ka tsa lik'hemik'hale e phethahatsoa sebelisa sethothetsi le hlaha ka e mocheso phahameng. Boitsebiso bo qalang emela sehlopha sa pele moemeli paraffins. Ha dehydrogenation, tlaleletsa ka acetylene, hydrogen e hlahisoang.

Arabela potso mabapi le kamoo ho fumana ho tloha methane acetylene, ho abel itšoara joang bo emela ka mokgwa:

2SN4 = C2H2 + 3H2

carbide mokhoa

E mong a ka fumana ho tswa ho ya methane kapa acetylene e le lintho tse bonahalang ho qala ho nka le k'halsiamo carbide. tshebetso nka sebaka tlas'a maemo ambient. Ka itšoara joang ea k'halsiamo carbide ka metsi Ho thehoa ha acetylene feela, empa hydroxide k'halsiamo (slaked llaeme). Matšoao a tla phalla lik'hemik'hale thulaganyou e khase ho iphetola ha lintho (hiss), le fetola 'mala ea tharollo ka ho eketsa phenolphthalein ka' mala o bofubelu bo loileng.

Ha o etsa kopo le boitsebiso bo a simolla ka carbide botekgeniki le litšila tse sa tšoaneng, monko o ile a re nakong ea ikutloa ka tsela ena. O ile a hlalosa ka ho ba teng ka lihlahisoa itsoara joang ka tsa likhase tse joalo tse chefo ka phosphine, sulfide hydrogen.

oli e tala petsoha

Hona joale, u ke ke ua feela tsoe methane acetylene. Ka sehloohong liindasteri mokhoa oa tlhahiso ea moemeli oa alkyne e nkoa e le ho petsoha (bokaholimo ba matsoele) ya hydrocarbons. Ha methane e fumana acetylene, ditjeo matla tla fokolang haholo. Ho phaella ho thepa theko e tlaase 'me li fumaneha habonolo e tala, theknoloji ena e khahloa bahlahisi ba hydrocarbons tsela e bonolo ea thepa ea theknoloji e sebelisitsoeng kateng ka dehydrogenation ea methane e.

Ho na le liphetolelo tse peli tsa e tšoanang thulaganyou e lik'hemik'hale. The mokhoa pele e thehiloe feta methane e ka li-electrode ho, le chesang ho likhato 1600 Celsius. Lewa e ama tima sehlahisoa resultant. Bobeli mothofatso dehydrogenation ea methane e ho hlahisa acetylene akarelletsa le tšebeliso ea matla, eo e hlahisoang ke combustion e leeme la alkyne ena.

Diselennere hore na acetylene, a ke ke a hlomelloa le di-valve koporo, e le karolo ea Bronze na le koporo. The sebelisana tsa tšepe le ka lihlahisoa acetylene e tsamaea le letsoai phatloha.

bofello

Acetylene jwale e sebediswa masimong a sa tšoaneng liindasteri. Ke ea bohlokoa e tala lintho tse bonahalang bakeng sa tswakana ea ethanol, dipolasetiki, rubbers, acid e acetic. Moemeli oa sehlopha sena o ile a bolela alkynes tsa seha le tjheseletsa tšepe, e le leseli le khanyang ka lihlopha mabone ka bomong.

Motheong oa tswakana acetylene o etsoang liqhomane sebelisoa ka mokgwa wa qhomisang. The ho kena moea itsoara joang ka tsa alkyne oksijene moeeng e hlokometse lelakabe matla. Ea boleng bo lekanang ke indasteri lik'hemik'hale le methane e. Ntle ho moo kopo lona ka lintho tse bonahalang ho tloha bakeng sa tlhahiso ea acetylene, ho e chesa ka bongata ka hydrocarbon tsa tlhaho ho indasteri e mafura. Ha chesoa abelwa ka palo e khōlō ea mocheso.