Mofuta wa sebaka Moscow, mefuta-futa ea tsona le ho sireletsa

The tšobotsi e ka sehloohong ea lintho tsa tlhaho tse Moscow le sebaka se Moscow ke sebaka libaka.

paisagem

Moscow sebakeng fapane ea liphallelo e haholo-holo bataletse. Karolong e ka bophirimela ea 'a maralla a se lelele, fihla limithara tse fetang lekholo le mashome a tšeletseng. Karolong e ka bochabela e akaretsa haholo phuleng ka bophara.

Ho tloha ka boroa-bophirimela ho ea ka leboea-bochabela otlolla tekanyong ea Moscow glaciation. E ka leboea ho e laoloa ke liforomo glacial khoholeho ea mobu, e leng e khabisitsoeng ka har'a silafalitsoeng. Ho ea ka boroa jala feela erosional liforomo liphallelo.

boemo ba leholimo

Haholo-holo ea mofuta oa Moscow sebakeng rerang sebakeng tlelaemete. Ka lebaka la seasonality ikemetseng ea lehlabula boemo ba leholimo bo futhumetseng, 'me mariha ke batang tekano. Ho eo e ka boloka ho eketseha ha kontinenteng leboea-bophirimela ho ea ka boroa-bochabela. Nakong ea ho tloha matsatsi a 120 ho ea 135, le mocheso, ka karolelano ke tlase 0 likhato Celsius. Ho nka nako ena, ho tloha bohareng ba November ho elella bofelong ba March. Nature Moscow sebakeng ikamahanya le maemo ho mocheso bolela'ng ha selemo le selemo eo ranges ho tloha 2,7 ho 3.8, likhato Celsius.

noka

All matamo phallo-ka ba sebaka se Moscow ba le kamano e tobileng ho Volga beisine. Volga ka boeona e bends ho pota sebakeng se senyenyane sa tšimo sebaka moo larileng ka le moeli oa le sebakeng Tver. Karolong e ka leboea ea Volga River melatswana phallo, 'me ka boroa - le melatswana tsa Oka, e leng tributary tsa pele' me ea bobeli e khōlōhali ka mor'a Volga sebakeng Moscow. The letangoana la ho sesa la Oka hape e kenyeletsa melatswana tsa Moskva River, karolo e itseng ea bohlokoa ea enfelopo Meshchery.

Kakaretso ea palo ea linoka sebakeng seo - ho feta tse makholo a mararo. bolelele bona ke km fetang leshome. E mong le e ba bona ba na le phallo tsitsitseng ea hantle ntshetswa pele floodplains phuleng ena. The bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa ke lehloa tse fepehileng. nako moroallo ke nako ho tloha April ho May. Ka nako ea lehlabula, ka kakaretso metsi a boemong ba e batlang e le tlaase, ho tsoha feela tabeng ea pula nako e telele. From November ho Mmesa, nōka ea koahetsoeng ka leqhoa. Thomello ke feela kholo ka ho fetisisa: Oka, ea Volga le Moskva Nōka.

limela

Ka lebaka la 'nete ea hore sebakeng Moscow e teng ka morung le steppe ka libaka, meru e teteaneng koahela ka mashome a mane a etsang liphesente tsa sebakeng palo yohle naha. Karolong e ka leboea e ka Holimo Volga mabalane, ka bophirimela - Mozhaisk, Lotoshinsky, Shakhovskoy libakeng. Sebakeng sena e se e atoloswa moru phaene, boholo ba tsona e phaene. Mofuta wa Region Moscow ka setereke e emela Meshchora phaene moru. Ka mabalane mokhoabo ka fumanoa merung thōko sa alder. Karolong e bohareng le e ka bochabela ea naha ea e nyane hōla lifate phaene le deciduous. Motheong oa phaene, phaene, birch, Aspen.

The undergrowth rena Hazel, eo hape a bitsoang hazelnut. Ho se tšoane tsa tlhaho, Moscow sebakeng ka lebaka la ho ba teng ha e behiloeng ea subzones. Haeba setsi sa e laoloa ke lifate phaene, teng ka boroa ho merung deciduous. Tsena li akarelletsa eike, Aspen, le Elm le maple leaf siea le nchocho. libaka ena phetoho e le Moskva-Oka leralleng, barui le lipampitšana kgolo ya phaene. A mohlala hlollang e ka holimo Lopasnya noka. Oka phuleng ena e akaretsa le moru o phaene, ka tlhaho lona haholo ke bath ea masabasabeng le.

Mathōkong ka boroa, e akarelletsang Silver-Prudsky sebakeng laoloa ke libaka morung-steppe. Ka lebaka la 'nete ea hore mong le e mong karolo ea naha lengoa, likoluoa tsa tlhaho tse rarahaneng ha pholoha esita le likhechana. Feela ka linako tse ling a ka kopana le kalaka kapa eike zamba.

Ka lebaka la 'nete ea hore ho tloha lekholong la ea leshome le metso e robeli, meru e ne tlas'a ho rengoa ha lifate tse matla, mofuta wa sebaka Moscow e fetohile ka karo-karolelano ea mefuta e ka sefate. Softwood (ka ho khetheha - phaene) lehong submenu nyane leafed tse birch le Aspen. Ho fihlela joale, e mong le e lifate e na le metsi a boleng paballo, kahoo seha hoo e ka bang bao e seng ntseng di le teng. Ka hloko etsoa ka ho tsosolosa mosebetsi oa ho mokgwa wa tshohanyetso - sebakeng sa haufi hang-hang tsa Moscow.

Ka Shatura le Lukhovitsky libakeng tse tloaelehileng la mokhoabong ena. Boholo ba bona ba karolong e ka bochabela. makhulo Natural ba hoo e ka bang mohla etsahala. palo ea dimela letsoalloa decreases sharply, Leha ho le joalo, ba ka ho eketsehileng li atile 'litho tse tala tsa mefuta e meng e, tse kang maple leaf American, khomo parsnip Sosnowski, Aquilegia vulgaris. The Nature Conservancy ea sebaka se Moscow ke ea bohlokoa haholo, hobane dimela tse ngata ho tse thathamisitsoeng ka Red Book la Federation le Serussia. Tsena li akarelletsa metsi chestnut, disilipara mofumahali e mong, 'me ba bang.

lefatše phoofolo

Sehlopha sa phoofolo e anyesang sebakeng sa emeloa lipela, otters, lihaha-'mele, Otter, muskrat, ermine, raccoon lintja, hedgehogs, mebutlanyana (Belyakov, sootho), shrews, mechalla, liphokojoe, likhama, e hlaha boar, moles likhoto (motšo, o moputsoa) , marten, litoeba (moru, yellow-, tšimo, brownies, litoeba lesea), litoeba birch, mink, likhama (babatsehang, matheba, likhama), muskrat, voles (khubelu, ea bohlooho, Pashennoye, metsi, le mohlokomeli), ferrets ba batsho . Ho se tšoane ya mofuta wa sebaka Moscow e sa lekanyetsoa feela mefuta tse thathamisitsoeng. Ha meeli ea ho ea kopana le bere, Kangna, phiri. Karolong e ka boroa leo ho ahiloeng ho ke hamsters dwarf, bona bokotokwe fatše, hamsters, lejoe marten, ferrets.

libakeng tse motho a ka ithorisa tsa baahi ba matla ea liphoofolo atypical tsa sebakeng sena. Tsena li akarelletsa bokotokwe fofang, bokotokwe fofang, American, Siberia likhama Roe. Mohlomong, mefuta tsena phoofolo e anyesang ne imported ho tloha libakeng tse ling. Ka Moscow ho na le tse fetang dozen mefuta ea bo-'mankhane Myotis (tloaelehileng, baleen, pond, metsi), mankhane (moru, dwarfs), noctule (khubelu, tse nyenyane, senatla), letlalo tse peli mebala-bala, sootho plecotus.

liphoofolo tse nang le mapheo

Birdwatching rarahaneng kenyelletsa ditokiseletso mefuta e fetang lekholo le mashome a supileng tsa linonyana. Na le palo e khōlō ea sa tamarind, blackbirds, grouse, bullfinches, Nightingale, Korostelev peewits, tšoeu mokotatsie, ea bohlooho Heron, gulls, toadstools, matata, mofubelu. Ho na le ba e ngata ea lirobele, magpies, lla le baemeli ba tse ling tsa linonyana tse phelang karolong e bohareng Russia. Fetang mashome a mane mefuta e sa tsoaneng a bua ka ho tsoma.

baahi metsi

Nature Moscow Region ruileng matangoana oo o lula a sa tšoaneng haholo ea litlhapi (ruffs, carp, breams, groupers, Roach, Rota, Pike-kalaneng, Pike).

Sehlopha sa likokoanyana e na le palo e khōlō ea mefuta e sa tsoaneng. Mohlala, linotši le 'ngoe feela di na le dipegelo subspecies fetang makholo a mararo. Ba phela mona 'me le "baahi ba" ea International Red Book.

amphibia

mefuta e tšeletseng tsa lihahabi mofuta morui, ea sebaka se Moscow. Photos of tse ling tsa tsona re ka fumana esita le libuka tsa sekolo. Mekholutsoane (ho akarelletsa le brittle, anguis, viviparous, nimble), Noha (adder, ho tloaelehile hore batho garter linoha, copperhead). Hape, ho na le ke bopaki ba hore ho na le baahi ba bakae ba likolopata Bog sebakeng seo. Sehlopha sa sehahabi ke newts (tloaelehileng, pectinate), linqanqana (ea bohlooho le ho tala), Frog (litlama, Moor, letšeng, pond, jeoang), ho tloaelehile hore batho spadefoot, European mollo-mankholi digogwane.

tšireletso ea

Ka mo porojekeng e ea sechaba "se tšoane Moscow sebakeng tlhaho" e reretsoe ho lebisa tlhokomelo ho naha beha dintho lefa la hore na tikoloho, ea setso le ea saense bohlokwa khethehileng.

E lokela ho a hopola hore ho ke ke ho hlokahala hore ho boloka le ho sireletsa ikhetha bona ka thata tshusumetso anthropogenic ka bio mehahong. Ho finyella sena, emisa libakeng tse sireletswa. Tsena li akarelletsa ho Oka Terraced Biosphere Reserve (e leng tlas'a tšireletso e khethehileng ea bison le), National Park "Moose Island", hammoho le ho tsoma le boloketsoeng "Zavidovo" le papali mehloli ea bohlokoa ka ho 'muso.

morero oo o "mefuta-futa mofuta Moscow sebakeng" disseminates tlhahisoleseding e mabapi le ho khethehileng a sireletsa libakeng tsa tlhaho tsa lefa la naha. mehahong e joalo ke likarolo tse ling tse arohaneng tsa bobeli holim'a tsa lefatše le tsa metsing, 'me e le sebaka ka holimo bona. Di tlosoa ho sebelisa indasteri le moruo oa matla phatlalatsa, 'me qeto ea' mele e khethehileng ke ho ipeha tlas'a puso ea khethehileng tšireletso.

liemahale mofuta

libakeng tse khethehileng sireletsoa ke irreplaceable bio mehahong. Natural liemahale tsa Region Moscow e kenyeletsa diporojeke tse kgolo ho feta mashome a robeli. Sepheo lelapa, litutulu, likolone se senyenyane sa linonyana, libakeng tse ling ea likolone ba steppe, Plots liphula gullies arohaneng, likolone tsa li-beaver, libaka tseo linonyana sehlaha, matša nyenyane, metsana, libakeng tse nyenyane moru, noka oxbow e le hantle puso ikemiseditse ho boloka boemo ba bona tsa tlhaho . me bohle ba tlosoa naheng, 'me e laoloa ke molao naha ea Federation Serussia.

E mong le e sengoathoana ea tlhaho na phasepoto tsa lona, tseo e na le boitsebiso bo mabapi le lebitso, sebaka, boemo ba kgatello, meeli, mekhoa sireletsehile, ea e sebelisang ba lumeletsoe ka lona, le lintlha ka ikopanya le tsa beng ba naha eo ho eona ho na le tsamaiso ea tlhaho, 'me tlhahisoleseding e mabapi le batho ba ikhethetse boikarabelo ba ho boloka biocomplex.