Leoatle ea ntoeng theoha Cape Hanko (1714)

Ntoa ea Cape Gangut - e mong oa maqephe tse khanyang tsa histori Russia, kwadiwa letsatsi la phomolo, bitsoa Letsatsi la Sesole Khanya. O ile a tla ka 9 August. Ka letsatsi lena ka 1714 Russia e ile keteka win la hae la pele la leoatle, ha a hlōla ka 27 July. Ka letsatsi le le leng, empa ka lilemo tse tšeletseng hamorao, Russia hlōla Swedes haufi sehlekehlekeng Grengam hore lumelloa naheng ea habo rōna hore ba a qetella a ba le foothold ka Leoatle la Baltic. The Battle theoha Cape Hanko, letsatsi - July 27, 1714, e ne e le qalo ea qetellong ea Sweden hegemony ka Leoatle la Baltic.

Ea bohlokoa ho fihlela leoatleng

Moroalo lohle la ka le boima, sehlōhō, telele Northern Ntoa (1700-1721), ho sa tsotellehe 'nete ea hore ho ne ho akarelletsa a' maloa a dinaheng European le 'Muso oa Ottoman, e le kamehla, oela mahetleng a Russia. Sena ntoa boholo, boo ho hlahile ka kotara ea pele ea lekholo la lilemo la XVIII, 'me ka hona ha e bitsoang Russian-Sweden hore e ne e e-ba teng ka mahlakoreng a mabeli, linaha European e seng feela e moeling oa Baltic Sea. Russia ba ne ba sa tsoa joalo pele liketsahalo tsena, e thibela hae ho Trade le linaha tse ka sehloohong sa Europe, 'me, ka lebaka leo, ho ntshetsa pele moruong.

Seswedishe thibela likepe

Sweden, ka nako eo 'muso o hlaheletseng ka Leoatle la Baltic, le hoja likepe tsa lona e ne e le feela karolo ea bone lefatšeng, cynically bitsa Leoatleng le ka Leboea ka ho letša Seswedishe. Ho phaella moo, ho ke ke lona hlomeletsoe hantle e le Noteburg qhobosheane, e leng ho fihlela mosebetsi lona ke Swedes bitsoa Nut, clog feela Serussia ho fihlela Leoatle la Baltic ka mose ho Neva. Le karolo ea naha khale Russia lahleha fetileng lintoa qetellong XVI - mathoasong a lilemo tse makholo XVII, o ile a lula ka matsoho Seswedishe. Ntoa ea Cape Gangut etsahetseng lilemo tse 5 ka mor'a Ntoa ea Poltava, le lebaka le hore matla a Sweden e ile fokolisoa le ho na le e ne e le bothata a amoheleha Russia. Leha ho le joalo, e ne e le tlhōlo ea naha le leoatle Russia ka etsa ha ho letho le ho hanyetsa naheng ena.

Navy ba

Pele Peter ke Russia e ne e se matla ea likepe e name, ke hore, o ne a se na likepe sesole, empa e tsamaisoa ka likepe tse 'maloa a haha le ntate Petra Velikogo ho felehetsa likepe mohoebi Leoatleng la Caspian. hlōloa A ka Azov ka 1695 o ile a etsa Russia Tsar ka ho toba ka ho bōptjoa ha likepe ho. Ka mor'a likhoeli tse seng kae, ho ile ha thakholoa Motley flotilla, e bopilweng ka lemang 1000, 23 sokang likepe le likepe tse peli 36-sethunya, tse neng li tlas'a taelo ea Admiral F. Ya. Leforta ka July 1696 qobella Garrison ho nehelana ka Azov. Le ka lebaka la tlhōlo ena e ne e le qeto ya Boyar Duma: "likepe sesole sa metsing hore e be" ebe ka 1702 oela Noterburg. Ka 1703-limithara ile ka isoa ka sebakeng molomong oa Neva Nieshants. Sunuvshiesya mona tse peli likepe Seswedishe tsa ntoa tlas'a sekoahelo sa hoseng moholi ba ne ba hlaseloa likepe ho tšoasa litlhapi le ba ile ba isoa le motšoaruoa. Sebelisa ho tataisoa ke Petrose ka boeena o 'me Menshikov.

Kaho ea ka jareteng e kholo

Ka 1703 Petrose le Pauluse ba Qhobosheane, 'me ka 1704th ba ile ba qala ho haha qhobosheane Kronshlot (Kronstadt) o ile a beha. liketsahalo tsena tsohle li potlakelang ntoeng ka Cape Hanko. Sweden e sa tlohela boiteko ba bona ba ho hapa 'me a timetse Petrose le Pauluse ba Qhobosheane le Kronshlot. Empa ba ne ba nyonya. Ho thibela ho ikemela le khopisang, ho ne ho hlokahala ho hapa Baltic Sea. Ka hona, nakong ea selemo ka 1713, lula ka Finland, e Russia lebotho la batho ba 16 likete hapa motse: jwale Porvoo (Borgo), Turku (Abo) le Helsinki motse-moholo (Helsinki). Pakeng tsa Sweden le Russia e ne e le feela Koung ea Bothnia, bohareng ba sehlekehleke sena e ne Aldan. Russia se a ntse a likepe. Likepe pele ho ile ha hahoa ka lilemo tse 1702-1703 ka shipyard e, teng ka tsona ka melomo ea syazi River (Lake Ladoga). Empa se ka 1704 rala St. Petersburg Admiralty Shipyard. Atamela selemo sa ntoa ho Cape Hanko - 1714, th.

merero rata maemo

Thehoa ho tswa ho likepe o theoha le slipway Admiralty Shipyard, ea Navy o ile a ea lebotho la Peter ke Finland. Morena o ne a batla ho ba pele fetisetsa mabotho sehlekehlekeng seo, 'me joale le naha ka Sweden. Sokang likepe le scampaways ka palo ea likotoana 99, e leng tla le ntlo 15,000 masole a ile a ea Abo, ke litsi tsa mahloriso ea lebotho Serussia. Lokisetsa hore a lahlele ka Aldan sehlopha sa lihlekehleke tsa lulisa. Sebelisa ho tataisoa ke FM Apraksin. Empa ntlha ka boroa ea hloahloeng, moo a ileng a haufinyane o tla loana ka Cape Hanko, tsela eo a neng a koetse e matla, e phahametse ea palo ea likepe Russia sesole le hlomella tsona le likepe Seswedishe.

Sesole le tsusumetso e Peter

Ka flagship le "Elephant" Motlatsi Admiral Vatrang, tlas'a taelo ea sa likepe tseo e ne e le ho hlōla ea Russia, o ne a se na pelaelo hore ba atlehe. A sehlopha sa likepe tse 15 tsa mohala le frigates tharo le sehlopha se seholo sa lijana ho soka sekepe ka ho hanela ne ho le thata, 'me Apraksin ba neng ba ha ho seleballoa mphe sebete e le kapa adventurism Lefort, Menshikov,' me Petrose ka boeena o, ho tloha bohato ikemetseng o ile a hana, ho tlosa ka tsela eo bona ba jara boikarabelo efe kapa efe . Ka lebaka la molaetsa oa hae ho sebaka sa kgohlano e fihla Peter I. Ka mor'a ho tseba boemo ba le sebaka ka ditaelo ka sehloohong karolong narrowest ea hloahloa ea Hanko lokisetsa Perevoloki. Peter o ne a batla ho hula tse ling tsa likepe tsa bona ka lehlakoreng le leng la hloahloa, 'me e otla ka morao ea likepe Seswedishe.

Molimo le rona

Ha a ntse a Flooring lifate, ho bebofatsa mosebetsi wa lipalangoang sa likepe Portage, Swedes tsejoa ipetlela litsela. E le hore ho thibela ho romela lijana Admiral Vatrang 10 (Flagship sekepe sokang likepe le 6 shkerbota 3) o ile a laela ka ho N. Erenshelda leloko sebakeng sa ka Serussia likepe metsi - ka Rilaks pega. Empa mofuta ne lehlakoreng Serussia, 'me la 26 July, 1714 moea o khaotsa ka ho feletseng defuses Sweden ka sekepe. Peter le flotilla hae ea masokoana ho soka sekepe ka bypasses ka sehloohong Seswedishe likepe fihla Erenshelda lijana le thibela ba Rilaks pega pega.

Tlhōlo ea pele ea leoatle

Ntoa ea Cape Gangut hlahile la 27 July, 1714. Swedes qeaqee hana nyehelo ho inehela, 'me ka leka boraro (pele tse peli li ne li mo furalle, e le Swedes ne 116 lithunya khahlanong le tse 23 tsa Petrose) Russia sokang likepe likepe haufi haholo le sera' me a li nka ka boto sekepe. Ka mor'a ntoa bohale bo tšosang, "Elephant" ( "Elephant") o ile a hapa le likarolong tse ling tsa lekhotla le ile la nehelana ka. Kakaretso tahlehelo Russia ea e-ba batho ba 469 ba, eo 124 ba ile ba bolaoa, e leng o ile a patoa ka e tlotlisa feletseng, le Swedes lahlehileng 700 ba bolaoa 'me ba 230 nehelane unconditionally. Russia likepe ba ne ba sa lahleheloa ke sekepe le 'ngoe,' me tsohle tse 10 tsa makgotla Seswedishe fetohile hapiloeng ntoeng. Motlatsi Admiral Vatrang sa likepe ikhula ho Stockholm. Seswedishe lekhotla ka Horror ba ntsoa sebakeng sena ho tloha motse-moholo. mabotho a Russia a hapa le Aland sehlopha sa lihlekehleke, eo lilemong tse seng kae tse fetileng tsa Northern Ntoa Russia lithunya hlaseloang ka bomo e lebōpong Seswedishe, babolai tshenyo mohlomong.

The feat, ba basesisi ba likepe ba Russia

Leoatle ea ntoeng theoha Cape Hanko le liphello tsa bona li matlafatsoa haholo boemo ba Russia Finland. Petrose ka boeena o bapisoa pele Victoria Russia likepe ka bohlokwa le tlhōlo ka Ntoa ea Poltava. morena o ile a khahloa ke sebete sa, boganka, sebete le sehlabelo sa lebotho la hae. Ka tlotla ea ho ena Victoria e khanyang e ile minted khau bakeng sa barupeluoa ba tsohle, hoo, o fuoa balaoli ba 144 le masole a 2813 le balaoli ba batho bao e seng o ile a laela. Ntoa ea Cape Gangut hlahile la 27 July, 1714 le letsatsi ena e atolositsoeng ea lenane la thabela tlholo ea matsoho a Russia. Tse mebala-bala le majabajaba le mekete ea ho tšoaea tlhōlo ea pele ea likepe Russia e ile ea etsahala St. Petersburg ka September 9th. Ho ne ho mekete tse peli. Oa pele o nka sebaka literateng tsa motse-moholo tlas'a mehoo thabisang ea baahi.

letsatsi la phomolo e moholo

Ntlha ea pele, ka Neva kena sehlopha sena, e bopilweng ka le botlamuoeng likepe Seswedishe, a eteletsoeng pele ke ba sokang likepe tse tharo Serussia. Molaoli la ntoa shautbeynahta Petra Mihaylova (alias Peter Ke) lateloa lijana hapa, sokang likepe tse peli masole a koaloa sehlopha. Ke litloholo ho lifolakha lebōpong la leoatle 'me batšoaruoa, har'a bona e ne e le Erenshildt, etsoang le e neng e tšoaretsoe motseng. mokoloko o ne o tsamaisoa ho iphaphathile de Khao Triomphe. 'Me ka holim'a ho ema ka bontshiweng eo ntsu clutched morao tlou. Le ngotsoe mantsoe ana a reng: "Russia ntsu ha tšoasa lintsintsi." Tlas'a tlou a fana ka maikutlo flagship "Elephant." Moaparo bohato tsoela pele ka Senate, moo tlokomang tikoloho knyaz- "Cesare" Romodanovsky amohela shautbeynahta Petra Mihaylova mantsoe ana: "Lumela, Motlatsi Admiral" Kahoo Petrose o ile a oa Pele o ne a fuoa sehlooho sena bakeng sa eo a ileng ae fumana ka 2240 li-ruble selemo le selemo.

Sebopeho sa 'Muso o Moholo

Empa hase e fetang leha ho le joalo Northern Ntoa. The Battle theoha Cape Hanko ile oa kenyelletsoa ka tsohle libuka likepe e name ho litaba tsa sesole, e ne e le tlhōlo ea pele. Bobeli kholo ka ho fetisisa le o ikemiselitse thehiloeng Great Northern Ntoa Viktoriya Petrovskogo likepe etsahetse'ng, ke'ng e ikhethang, la 27 July, empa se ka 1720. Ba hlōla ka Grengam sehlekehleke sena. Ka nako ena, Russia e se e le e khōlō ea likepe e name matla le likepe tse matla le sa hlōloeng. Le ka pel'a qetellong ea Great Northern Ntoa ka 1716 ka Leoatle la Baltic ne a tsamaisa, e amanang le likepe 84 ba tsoang linaheng tse sa Baltic. likepe tse 21 e le ea Russia. Empa ntho ea bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa ke hore Petrose ke ne ke nkoa e le e kgolo Baltic le sesole se matla navigator, le na le tokelo ea ho laela lebothong leo kopaneng tsa British, Hollanti, likepe Sedanishe le Russia a tšepetsoe ho eena. The Battle theoha Cape Hanko le sehlekehlekeng Grengam tlisa botumo lefatšeng ka bophara Russia le ho amohelwa ha baahelani ba lona, le ka sehloohong ea likepe e name matla.