Kozlovsky, Mikhail Ivanovich: a biography, photos, liemahale

Kozlovskiy Mihail Ivanovich ke e 'ngoe ea sculptors moholo ka ho fetisisa classicism Russia, eo mosebetsi e imbued le likhopolo tse phahameng tsa leseli, emotionality khanyang le e telele humanism. Ho latela bahlahlobisisi bonono tšimoloho ea XIX lekholong la lilemo la, ka ho e mong le e tsa mesebetsi ea hae, "e senola e ngata monahanong, maikutlo talimela pele 'me mong'a letsoho la mongoli eo."

Mihail Ivanovich Kozlovsky - e moseti, tsa baetsi ba litšoantšo tsohle Russia ea neng a lula, mohlomong, khutshwayane, empa e boetse e le bophelo ba ka ho fetisisa ba bohlale. Tsa thahasella ka ho khetheha ke 'mōpi etsa hore litšōmo tsa boholo-holo le batho bao ho buuoang ka eona historing ea Serussia. Ho tsona, o ile a fumana likhopolo tse bohlokoa eseng feela bakeng sa batho ba mehleng ea hae, empa le bakeng sa meloko e tlang.

Kozlovsky, Mikhail Ivanovich: a biography

Bokamoso tummeng moseti hlahetse 1753 ka lelapa la trumpeter la ntoa likepe, e mong oa toropo ea St. Petersburg leoatle. Mona o ile a qeta lilemo tse hae bongoaneng.

A le lilemo li leshome le motso (1764) Kozlovsky, Mikhail Ivanovich ka ho sa feleng a aroha ho tloha lapeng 'me batsoali ba kōpa palo ea barutoana ba ile ba ea St. Petersburg Academy of Arts. Ka nako ena ka European bonono - litsoantso tse betliloeng, mehaho, ho penta - hola hore me butle-butle ntshetswa classicism. Moemeli khanyang ea mokhoa ona ka bonono e ne e le ea neng a hlaheletse Russia moseti Kozlovskiy Mihail Ivanovich.

Brief a biography tsa moseti ho:

• .: 1773 fumana mangolo Academy le khau ea khauta;
• . 1774-1778 GG: lulang Roma e le boarder e seakatemiki;
• 1780:. Marseilles Academy of Arts fuoa mo e le sehlooho sa academician;
• . 1784-1785 GG: bolaoa bakeng sa 'mabole seemahale sa Catherine II ka sebōpeho sa molimotsana ea boholo-holo ea bohlale, Minerva e se re fumane ratoa le ho amohela batho ba mehleng ea (ho akarelelitsoeng ho thuto emoloa morena loketseng - e le etsang molao ea bohlale le mosireletsi oa ntat'a);
• qalong ea 1788 hape romeloa linaheng tse ling (Paris) ho ithuta;
• . 1790: Kozlovskiy Mihail Ivanovich khutlela lapeng, etsa liemahale potoloho idyllic;
• ka 1796-limithara etsa chelete e ka letoto la lihlooho tse pharaletseng diseketshe sculptural ka sehlooho se neng se Trojan Ntoa, nako ena eohle e tšoauoa ka ho batla monumentality, libōpeho e ncha, e ileng ea fetoha e 'ngoe ea likarolo ho ntšetsa pele mosebetsi oa ho baetsi ba litšoantšo e;
• ka nako ea ho tloha 1799 ho 1801 ho sebetsa ka sefika molaoli A. V. Suvorovu, o ile a tlotlisoa Russia lebotho la e tlhōlo tsa morao tjena ka letšolo la Mataliana;
• Ka 1802 Kozlovskiy Mihail Ivanovich ka sehloohong oa bophelo ba le talenta tšohanyetso e-shoa.

O ne a qalong a patoa ka mabitleng Smolensk Orthodox. Ka 1931, tsa lepato o ile a susumelletseha ho Alexander Nevsky Lavra ka Lazarevskoye mabitleng

Kozlovsky, Mikhail Ivanovich: litsoantso tse betliloeng

mesebetsi ea hae e - staturnaya polasetiki reliefs, moholohali litsoantso tse betliloeng le tombstones - di imbued le maikutlo tebileng le kafukafu humanism.

Ka mokhoa oa mesebetsi ea hae haholo tshusumetso le aesthetics ea French litsoantso tse betliloeng XIVIII lekholong la lilemo la. Ho bana, molemo ka ho fetisisa a tsejoang e ke: e sefika A. V. Suvorovu St. Petersburg, le seemahale "Samsone rusolla molomo oa tau" (adorns hona joale e mong oa Peterhof lilibeng), "lutse Girl" (Mariha Palace) le "Hymen", bōpa ka lekhetlo la lenyalo la Constantine Pavlovich (jwalo ka e joale ka mariha Palace), palo ea motho, o ile a bakeng sa thuto ea kaheho ea batho.

E tsebahalang ka ho lona ka bas-reliefs: "The khutla Regulus ho Carthage," "Camille, Fokotsa Roma ho tloha Gauls" (sebakeng St. Petersburg, ka Marble Palace), "bolaoe ka sehloho ha Innocents", "Polycrates", "Cupid", "Mercury le Nymph", " apollo "(fumanoang ka musiamo oa Alexander III).

mathoasong a

Ka nako ea pele ea ya bokgabane le sehlooho se seholo sa mesebetsi ea moseti ke sehlooho sa sechaba bokhabane, sebete, boitelo le fortitude.

Kozlovskiy Mihail Ivanovich bahale ba reliefs bona etsa litlhaku ba hlaheletseng historing oa Roma ea boholo-holo, eo ka lebitso la ntat'a le ba tloaelehileng tse molemo tsa batho ba li li etsang sehlabelo bona. mosebetsi oo ba hae "Regula arohana le baahi ba Roma" (1780) le se reng "Camille felisa galling oa Roma" (1781).

Hill le o tobileng. setšoantšo, ho hlaka ea sebopeho, ponelo-pele le ho hlaka tsa mela e le mefuta e - tse khethollang mosebetsi oo Kozlovskiy Mihail Ivanovich sebelitse ka nako ea pele ea ya bokgabane. Litsoantso tse betliloeng ho phethahetseng lumellana le mehaho ea mohaho, e hahiloeng ka mokhoa oa classicism pele.

Harmony litsoantso tse betliloeng le mehaho

Haholo-holo oa lumellana. kopanelo ea bonono tse peli - litsoantso tse betliloeng le mehaho - bonahala samente reliefs bōpileng ka konsarete Hall in ho Catherine Park (Tsarskoye Selo). Ea ka mongoli oa pavilion e, entsweng ho ya ka ka mokhoa oa classicism ea hōlileng tsebong, ke George. Quarenghi (1783-1788). Reliefs abelana sehlooho se ho tloaelehile hore batho - mino. Orpheus bapala seletsa se kang harepa tames liphoofolo tse hlaha; Apollo, ho bapala 'mino, o thabela litsebe tsa Ceres; Tebisa Art bonahatse litšobotsi - merero e mebe joalo, e ela hloko ka ho Kozlovsky, Mikhail Ivanovich. The wizate (mathoasong a reliefs) fapana morethetho sebopeho equilibrated sebopeho contour boreleli le meholohali litšoantšo makoko. makgetheng tsena tsohle tlatsetsa ho bōptjoa ha pavilion buka e ikhethang sepakapaka 'mino.

Seemahale Catherine II

A seemahale se seholo sa Empress Catherine II ka sebōpeho sa molimotsana ea boholo-holo ea bohlale, Minerva (Boholo-holo Roma) bōptjoa ke moseti ka nako ho tloha 1784 ho 1785. The Empress e ea ipatileng ka seaparo sa ka holimo ea boholo-holo le surmounted ke helmete (e leng molimotsana oa litšobotsi). O ile a bontša ka letsoho le le leng ho bua leshano ka maoto a hae le dikgele hore tšoantšetsa tlhōlo fumanoeng ka eona. moemphera e mong e tšoere moqolo o le e hatisitsoeng e "bakeng sa boiketlo ba melao ea bafo ba hae ba '. Kahoo o tletse maikutlo a bona ba morena phethahetse - ka le etsang molao ea bohlale le mosireletsi oa ntat'a - Kozlovskiy Mihail Ivanovich, liemahale tseo jara setempe tsa hlolloa hae bakeng sa mehopolo ea tlhahiso-leseling.

"Vigil Aleksandra Makedonskogo"

Mabole seemahale, entsweng ho ya ka 1780s ea, o na le e rarahaneng labeled semantic le papiso. Setšoantšo sa mohale e khanyang ea mehleng ea khale le bona o ile a sebeletsa e le motheo bakeng sa moseti ho kenyelletse lintho le likhopolo tsa thuto - thuto ea ho lelekisa tsebo le thato ea thatafala.

Polasetiki tharollo sebopeho le liemahale ekongengisa moea oa khutsitseng boholo le tsela e bonolo le likelello. Utloisisa tiea fapaneng le proportionality, boreleli kosopanaka tsa dibopeho le contour.

mele mohlankana joalokaha e etsoa ka stupor otsela, mesifa ea hae joaloka "tima" e botle ka ho fetisisa 'mabole frosted sekoahelo, hlooho ea hae e lutse ka letsohong la hae ho phomola ka lengole la hae. Empa booatla ba boikutlo bo ena ipatileng le khutso ...

diseketshe

Ka mefuta e fapaneng ya litšoantšo extant, tseo boholo ba tsona ke tsa go baakanyetsa diseketshe tsa liemahale nakong e tlang, amahanngoa mabapi bona le a tsitsinkela tse khōlō tsa mong'a lona - e fapaneng ya dihlooho le lihlooho (litšōmo, Bibele, Kosepele), ka mokhoa oa ho mehopolo bonono polelo e reng.

Empa a 'maloa a litšoantšo Kozlowski ka' na hantle ho nkuwa jwalo ka e ikemetseng, mesebetsi e feletseng hlakileng. Har'a bona lia bōptjoa ka limithara 1792 "The Lefu la Hippolytus" le "Theseus siea Ariadne." Bahlahlobisisi ba supa tšoantšiso le matla maikutlong, e leng "ho hema" mesebetsi ena.

"Polycrates"

The nako ho tloha 1788 ho 1790-go th moseti hape, Paris, moo a ileng a ea ho fumana tsebo e ncha le phihlelo. Ka lebaka la ts'ebetsong e khōlō ea maikutlo e bakoang ke liketsahalo tsa phetoho e khōlō e, ho phetha ka pel'a hae, o ile a hlaha ka pululelo ncha, lihlooho tse ncha le bafo.

Revolutionary Paris moseti pushed ka maikutlo a ho etsa pale ea histori ea boholo-holo Greece Polycrates lefu Samos mohatelli. Legend tsa moseti le Polycrates o ile a sebeletsa e le motheo bakeng sa ho bōptjoa ha mofuta oa e le karabelo ea lintho tsa tsoantsetso ho liketsahalo mehleng ena. The pampiri bonahatsa takatso ea ho moetsi oa litšoantšo ea ho ntlafatsa puo ea tšoantšetso oa bonono. Etsa hore e babatsehang le ho feta. Ka litsoantso tse betliloeng hae, "Polycrates" a li shebang e fetisoa ka takatso e matla ho nyoreloa ho tokoloho, mahlomola le la boikutlo bo bohloko hore ba tl'o timetsoa mohale.

le mothofatso oa hloekile moeeng

Ka 1792-limithara tse, e mong oa mosebetsi oa ho fetisisa ka tsela e hlollang se ho phethiloe - seemahale se setle sa "Sleeping Cupid" (mabole). Mongoli e baka e babatsehang idyllic le lumellanang tsela.

mphato oa eona ka feto-fetoha e bōpiloe ke seemahale se senyenyane sa "e tlameletswe dikelellong tsa" (mabole, 1801) setšoantšo, embodying hloekile moeeng, ho nostalgia tsa unalloyed, thaba bongoaneng.

"Samsone rusolla molomo oa tau"

Nakong ea selemo ka 1800 ka ho fetisisa benghali ba Russia ba tlisoa ho ntjhafatsa ea Big Peterhof phorosela. Mosebetsi ile a phetha lilemo tse fetang tse tšeletseng.

Sebaka bohareng ka morero oa nka sehlopha sa bōptjoa Kozlovsky - "Samsone rusolla molomo oa tau." Ka ho bōptjoa ha mongoli oa litsoantso tse betliloeng ho ne ho sebelisoa e simolohile khale koana mehleng ea Peter le papiso eo ho eona ho Samsone Bibele a tsebahatsoa le St. Sampson, ea lekholong la bo18 la lilemo e ne e nkoa e mohalaleli oa Russia. Ka 1709, ka mokete oa mohopolong oa hae (June 27), Russia e khanyang tlhōlo ile ka hlōla ka lebaka la ho Swedes ka e tummeng Battle of Poltava. Ka tsebo ea ho Peter ke, Samsone e ne e le mothofatso oa hlōla tau Russia le (setšoantšo bohareng ea seaparo Sweden ea matsoho a) emeloang hlōla Seswedishe morena.

Ka liemahale khōlō tšoantšetsoa mahlahahlaha empa thibile motsamao oa 'mele Samsone ea matla e. Retelehela ka sebaka sa ka ho spiral e, curving 'mele e le hore titanic bonakong mesifa ke ka ho hlaka bonahalang, sharply hula khutlela maoto le hlooho ea hae e inamela, le mohale oa matsoho bobeli rusolla molomo oa tau.

Bafuputsi ba nepo o ile a bontša planar ho litsoantso tse betliloeng tsa bonono Michelangelo e. Empa likhopolo le boikakanyetsi dikahare sehlopha, tebileng ho rata naha boikutlo bo, e leng e akarelelitsoeng ho mosebetsing oa hae Kozlovsky, Mikhail Ivanovich (photo photo photo photo litsoantso tse betliloeng ke bopaki ba hore), ho a li shebang mamela ka hloko ke e fapaneng haholo molumo - letsoalloa Russia ho bua haholo ho hlolloa tsa histori tse ruuoang tsa pelo - lineano.

Topics Russia histori

Dihlooho tsa histori ea sechaba ke eang teng ho fetisisa e thabisang ka mesebetsi ea moseti ena. Ka halofo ea bobeli ea 1790s ea a ne a bōpa seemahale sa "Prince Jakobo Dolgoruky rusolla borena molao-taelo" le ho "Hercules ka pere." Fetisisa boitlamo feletseng ho theha setšoantšo oa ho ba sebete le phahameng le nobility tsa moea o ile a hlokomela ke moseti ka hae molaoli sefika A. V. Suvorovu (St. Petersburg, 1799-1801).

Bophelong tlhōlo sefika

Tšoantšetso setšoantšo, ka tsela ea tšoantšetso ho tlotlisa Russia le molaoli lona haholo - e le emoloa Kozlovskiy Mihail Ivanovich sefika ho Suvorov.

Mosebetsi o ile a qala ka nako ya bophelo ba mohale ea. A le lilemo li mashome a supileng Generalissimo entse lefatše lohle ho tobetaka maboko bapisegeng historing ea phetoho ea bahale ba Russia tsa sesole ho li Alps. Loana 63 ka Serussia e ne e se ho hlōloa le 'ngoe, le sera sa ho 619 lifolakha li ne li nkoa ka mahahapa ke ba hlōtse ka. Famous Setaliana leeto tla ba sesole Russia le mosolotogamaano talenta Aleksandra Suvorova sa senyeheng khanya.

Mosebetsi oa ho moseti le Kozlovsky ne ho bopa bophelong tlhōlo sefika. Hore masusu sehlooho: u se ke ua sebetsa nako e telele bahale bophelo ba molaoli e moholo, ha e originality tsa setšoantšo sa hae ba kelello, empa liketso feela letšolo la Mataliana ne e lokela ho bonahala ka seemahale sa.

Potreite tsa puo ea tsoantsetso e

Le moseti hape retelehela ho puo le papiso. Khanya mosesaane palo ya pedestal potoloha - e monyenyane sebete mohlabani ka lihlomo tsa, tletse matla le ka potlako pele. Sena ke setšoantšo sa molimo oa Baroma oa ntoa Mars. The pontšo ea letsohong le letona, a tšoere sabole huleloa ikemiselitse e sa tloaelehang. Ka matla lahliloeng seaparo sa ka holimo ka morao. Beautiful mohale sefahleho, ka motlotlo hlahisa hlooho ea hae, ho ba le kholiseho satalalitse melala le ea hlōlang o tla, masterfully isoa palo eo - ena setšoantšo idealized bōptjoa ke moseti molimo oa ntoa.

mohlabani hae thebe likoahelo mounted ka mor'a bona aletare eo ba Sardinian le Neapolitan moqhaka le bopapa Tiara. Se boleloang ke tšoantšetso ea setšoantšo sena ke hore libetsa Russia tlas'a bookameli ba letšolo la Suvorov oa Setaliana le ho sireletsa lithahasello tsa linaha tse tharo tse emetsoeng.

Ka mahlakoreng a aletare teng lipalo motšehali tšoantšetsa molemo ka ho fetisisa ea makhabane a batho: tšepa, tumelo le lerato.

Ka lehlakoreng le ka pele la pedestal ho na le setšoantšo sa Laurel le tsa palema le makala a tšela - e le letšoao la commonwealthi nang le tsusumetso ea ntoa le khotso.

Mohale Shield relies ka dikgele ntoa - konokono, lifolakha sethunya. The motero ho se potoloha sefika sa e amana ka liketane phatlohang libomo.

moelelo oa lintho tsa tsoantsetso ho fumana le leng le le dintlha tsa seemahale sa. Le mantsoe ana a ngotsoeng ka pedestal: "Khosana ea Italy, Count Suvorov Rymniksky" e se buang ka ba entseng sefika.

Phahameng ka hare 'nete

The pampiri Kozlowski feela tse batlang li sa hlokomeleheng potreite sebōpeho o ile a bōpa lintho tsa tsoantsetso idealized setšoantšo sa ea ratoang mohale setso.

The boholo molelele ea sefahleho, tebileng-sete mahlo, nko le leholo le le e karolong e tloaelehileng senile, hanyenyane sunken molomo boronse molimo oa batho ba mehleng ea ntoa o ile a hlokomela litšobotsi tse sa kakaretso haholo.

The tšoana e lerootho haholo le hōle, bokantle Portrait ho nepahala ke ka ho hlaka se tlang pele bophelong e ne e le 'mōpi ea litsoantso tse betliloeng ho. Sehlabelo tšepahala potreite, o ile a fana ka e sa thekeseleng le tla le matla 'ohle-ea hlōlang oa Suvorov. puo Kozlowski ea tsoantsetso e - ka tšoantša molimo oa ntoa - le setšoantšo idealized tsa bahale ba moholo Russia molaoli ka lilemo tse ngata. Le ena - e phahameng ka hare 'nete ka mosebetsi oa hae.