Ke phapang deuterostome le protostomes liphoofolo tse seo

A hlalosa tsoelo-pele ea lintho tse phelang, hangata e ba ka fumana mantsoe a reng "protostomes" le "liphoofolo tse deuterostome." Kaofela multicellular o teng ntle coelenterates, e fapana ka phahameng ka ho embryonic.

Ntshetsopeleng ya chordates

Chordata emeloang ke lihlopha tse tharo tsa lintho tse phelang:

• tunicates kapa lichinochnohordovymi (Tunicata, Urochordata), eo na le mokotla 'mele, phuthetsoe selateng;
• bescherepnyh kapa golovohordovymi (Acrania), ho phela bolibeng ba leoatle le libōpuoa tse fish-joaloka immobile;
• vertebrates - baemeli ba litlhapi, sehahabi, linoha, linonyana, batho le liphoofolo.

History of tšimoloho ea chordates e ea ipatileng ka sephiri 'me e etsa hore e ngata likhopolong. Le ho toba taba haholoanyane, u lokela ho utloisisa ba sa deuterostome protostomes le liphoofolo. E o tsejoa hore lilemo tse fetang limilione tse 500 tse fetileng ho ne ho se golovohordovye. Methati etellang e ntse e le sephiri ka lebaka leo ho na le dikgakanyo tse fapa-fapaneng mabapi le qaleho ea lintho tse phelang.

Kakaretso protostomes le liphoofolo deuterostome

Na multicellular 'muso liphoofolo. Protostomes le deuterostome - baholo-holo ba bona ka ho toba. litlotla tsa bona Protostomia ka mantsoe le Deuterostomia thehoa ka litšobotsi eaba ba etsa le melomo ea embryos ka. Qalong e thehoa ho tswa ho khale eyeglobe a qalang (the blastopore), e leng e thehiloe embryo ena. Ea bobeli - ka blastopore e develops deducing ka sekoting (haha), 'me molomo oa ka o khaola sebakeng tse ncha.

Classification phelang bilaterally lekanang

Deuterostome protostomes le liphoofolo na tlhophiso ea bona. Ke protostomes kenyeletsa:

1. Morue.
2. Annelids.
3. Sipunculans - sebōkō-joaloka liphoofolo metsing, e leng o ile a senola ho ba teng ha tsamaiso rudimentary ho potoloha ha mali, tsamaiso excretory le mantle a sekgoqetsane ka haha le ka mor'a.
4. Echiura - lintho tse phelang metsing a leoatle. Ba na le 'mele oa ka sebopeho cylindrical le tsoene ka. Molomo ke lehlakoreng peritoneal. From litho tse ling di khetholloa ka ho ba teng ha tsamaiso underdeveloped ho potoloha ha mali 'me tube, mala, e leng e fella ka ho haha.
5. Pentastomida kapa lehlaka, e leng sebōkō-joaloka puo ea-parasitic invertebrate le 'mele o monyenyane, tšoanang arthropod.
6. Onychophora kapa pervichnotraheynyh - hlahiswa ke libatana tsa lefatše ka 'mele oa nako e telele ea e ho na le ho fihlela ho lipara 43 ea maoto.
7. Tardigrades - tse phelang tse nyenyane le lipara tse 'nè tsa maoto a.
8. Arthropods.

Deuterostome liphoofolo kapa deyterostomy di na le dipegelo mefuta e latelang ea liphoofolo:

• chaetognaths;
• poluhordovym (nadkishechnodyshashie le krylozhabernye);
• echinoderms;
• Pogonophora;
• chordates;
• graptolites (liminerale).

Mekhahlelo ea ho hōla deytorostom utloisiseheng. Ho lumeloa hore ho iphetola ha lintho ba bona ba qala ka invertebrates multicellular hore u se ke ua intersect le protostomes. Batho ba bang ba lumela hore baholo-holo ba ba deuterostome liboko tlaase, ba khethoa e le mefuta e sa hlabolohang protostomes.

ke phapang tloha protostomes deuterostome seo

Ho phaella ho eaba ba etsa le lesoba emeloang ke molomo, 'me deuterostome protostomes liphoofolo tse fapana' maloa ba le litšobotsi tse ling:

1. Bakeng sa 'maloa tsa mahe likarohano: qalong ba radial, tsamaisoa ke mahlaseli a,' me ea bobeli e - spiral (non-junifomo).
2. Coeloms rala mekhoa (molomo): y el protostomes ntshetsopeleng ya mabota ea bobeli ea cavities qala ka karohano seleng, ha protrusions li thehoa ho tswa deuterostome pouches embryo eyeglobe.
3. Lateloa ke boko Genese: ka protostomes - e develops ka ba motho e moholo, 'me ea bobeli - e fokotsehile' me a rala ka sebakeng seo se secha.

Ka hona deuterostome boetse o bitsoa libōpuoa vtorichnomozgovymi.

Bo-rasaense ba lumela hore deuterostome le protostomes liphoofolo tse ba le moholo-holo a hore o phetse lilemo tse fetang limilione tse 500 tse fetileng ka Edikarskom leoatle. Habitat bakeng sa libōpuoa tsa e ne e le leoatle, moo a ba ile ba fallela, ho sebetsa cilia lokeng mola ka mpeng, 'me fepa ka tentacles eo bokella lijo. Mohlomong u ka hamorao ka morao 'mele karolo deuterostome progenitors thōko' me ae sebelisa ho cheka ka bakeng sa nako e precoat lera.

Deuterostome protostomes le liphoofolo tse tšoanang ka ho ntshetsa pele le sebopeho. Empa hape ba hlahisa palo e la ho se tšoane, e le hore balateli ba bona ba fapana.