Sound loebehlana. E sebetsang kopo. Ama batho

Phelang le lefatseng la tsa maqhubu a fapaneng, 'ngoe kamehla ikutloa sephetho sa molumo. Sound loebehlana - ke e se feela ketsahalo e tsamaea le mo hohle, empa e boetse e le mohloli oa thabo, empa e boetse e le sesebelisoa se matla tlhahisoleseding. Ho phetha mefuta e fapaneng ya mesebetsi, molumo o khona ho lemosa ka kotsi ea, monyaka, ba le mokhoa oa puisano. Re thabela ho mamela linonyana ho bina, 'mino le bonolo, a kena ho qoqa le batho ba bang.

Sound loebehlana ke tsa bohlokoa, eseng feela bakeng sa batho empa le bakeng sa liphoofolo tse sebelisa molumo ho pholoha.

Ka tlhaho lona, molumo ke phetha molao rekere maqhubu, tse khonang ho jala mashano ka butle, sephalli, likhase ka. mehloli Sound Sound loebehlana bakela thothometsa (phetha molao oscillations), eo hangata e sa bonahaleng leihlo. Ke molumo mehloli e ka kenyeletsa 'mele' meleng ea bontšang motsotsoana (nyarosoa kapa thothometsa) le maqhubu a ea hang 16-20000. Sound loebehlana ka etsa hore 'mele o tiileng (khoele karolong e ka holimo), gaseous (moea jete), mokelikeli (maqhubu leoatle).

Har'a litšobotsi tse molumo ho khetholla entsprechen tse peli: lentsoe - maqhubu a molumo oo loebehlana; bophahamo ba modumo - e sonic tsokoang molumo. Unit bukeng e nkoa e le 1 Bele (it e ile ea rehelloa mong oa qapileng thelefono - Aleksandra Grehema Bell). Hoo e ka bang e mong Bel e sa sebelisoa, ho ke ke ho loketseng haholoanyane ho sebelisa decibels, lekana le e mong-ea leshome ea Bel. Hore ho ba le maikutlo a hlakileng ea teba ea molumo ho elwa hloko hore 10 DB - hoeshetsa eona; 20-30 DB tsamaisana le lerata tloaelehileng ka kamoreng ea ho phomola; 50 DB - sena ke karolelano pitso bophahamo ba modumo; matla ao a lerata ka 80 DB teraka enjene ke mathang; fisioloji bohloko monyako ho batho le hlaha ka 130 DB; 180 DB ho ka etsa hore otlile ea moropa oa tsebe ho.

Hlahloba maqhubu a molumo oa maqhubu a fapaneng, e le maqhubu a phahameng-maqhubu a kenyeletsa ho binela ho linonyana, ho melumo tlaase kenyeletsa molumo oa enjene teraka. Le mefuta e fapaneng kaofela thepa le litšobotsi tse fapana le maqhubu a mofuta fapaneng, le maqhubu a molumo a sebelisoang haholo mafapheng a fapa-fapaneng. thepa mokelikeli ne a utloahalang a e sebediswa ka mafolofolo morolo la leoatle tebileng. e re hopotsa kaofela tsebahalang, ho etsa mohlala, e sebediswa ho bona hore libaka tse ka echolocation. A mohlala otla ka ho builoeng tsa tlhaho sonar bo-'mankhane.

A mofuta o khethehileng oa ultrasound maemong mexri loebehlana ke tsela e atlehang haholo matsohong a lingaka le bafuputsi ba bang. loebehlana tsena ke maqhubu le maqhubu a ya 20 000 Hz. Sena mokgwa wa oscillation o sebelisa thepa e ikhethang. Feta metsi, e ultrasound maemong a belang lona (cavitation) le ketsahalo e sa hamore metsi. Ho sebelisa likarolo tsa ultrasound ka o hakolle ho tloha holim 'a tšepe e silakanya-butle e. Oa ultrasound o dumella ho tsoaka metsi a mangata tse immiscible tlas'a maemo a tloaelehileng, ho etsa mohlala, emulsions le botlaaseng oli. Ultrasound maemong lumella saponification ea mafura. Molao-motheo ona larileng ka sesebediswa hlatsoa mechine. Property of oa ultrasound ho hlahisa sithabetsa le phello e 'nile ea sebelisoa ka galena kulo tšepe.

A mofuta o khethehileng oa ho thothomela ho fihlela ho 16 Hz o bitsoa infrasound. E o tsejoa hore loebehlana ya maqhubu lena le ka ba bohloko ama 'mele oa motho. Ha maqhubu a ya 4-8 Hz e ikutloa thothometsa tsa litho tse ka hare, le maqhubu a ka 12 Hz ho etsa hore e seasickness.

mehloli e ka 'na ba infrasound mechine le bokaholimo kgolo, e leng etsa ho loebehlana ho phetha molao feela oa maqhubu a tlaase (hlahang ho yona phetha molao) kapa sephalli le likhase tse phallang ka thepa moferefere (hydrodynamic kapa hlahang ho yona aerodynamic).