Karohano seleng ea

Karolo e hase feela senotlolo sa ho tsosolosa botšepehi ba lisele tse, empa ho ikatisa tsa lintho tse phelang. Ka bohona, seleng ea karohano e akarelletsa ho sebopeho sa lisele tse peli kapa ho feta morali ho tloha ho motsoali ea se nang molekane. Chromosomes lula sebakeng se bohlokoa haholo ka tshebetso ya ho karohano seleng. Ho ba ba nang le boikarabelo bakeng sa phetiso ya tlhahisoleseding pakeng tsa meloko.

Cell karohano. Mitosis le Meiosis

Ho na le mefuta e sa tsoaneng tse peli tsa sehlooho tsa karohano - mitosis le meiosis. Pele e akarelletsa ho sebopeho sa e le 'ngoe ngoana batsoali ba seleng ea tse peli. palo ea chromosomes ka lisele tsa tse peli o hlola ka ho ho tsoana le ho ka seleng motsoali, lisele tse ke hore, ba e tšoanang. Ho eketseha palo ea chromosomes le hlaha pele karohano. Kahoo, ka seleng e fetohe ho tloha diploid phase ho tetraploid. Qetellong ea lisele tse peli diploid phase ba thehoa.

Meiosis o bitsoa sebopeho sa lisele tse 'nè. Tabeng ena, e mong le e ba chromosomes tsena ka halofo ka tlase ho hore ba motsoali. Meiosis hangata e le hlaha hang-hang ka mor'a karohano pele. Ka lebaka la diploid phase ea se nang molekane o ile a fumana haploid bane.

Pakeng tsa karohano seleng e lokela ho hōla le ho ntshetsa pele, ho lokisetsa bakeng sa karohano le lecha. Nakong ena, e bakoang ke lintho tse ngata liprotheine le hape a mabeli ka organelles bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa, 'me le bona,' me chromosomes.

Ho khetholla 'nè mekhahlelo e sa mitosis, eo latela e mong le tse ling tse le ho atolosa ho fihlela ho lihora tse peli. Mitotic karohano seleng e akarelletsa ho sebelisa litlhahiso tse latelang.

Ka ho ba sethaleng pele ho eketsa centrioles lipalo ea sele. Ka mor'a moo, sebopeho leakage radiation. Chromosomes ba bonahalang haholoanyane. Ka nako e tšoanang o qhalana ka lera ea nyutlelie, ho nucleolus ebe disappears.

Mokhahlelo oa bobeli oa karohano ke hore chromosomes lokela ho lula hammoho le ho equator ea sele le hokela karohano leakage radiation.

Ka mohato oa boraro morali chromosomes kapa chromatids qala tshebetso ya ho fapoha ka lebaka la lipalo tsa lisele spindles.

Ka mohatong o latelang nyamela leakage radiation, ho pota chromosomes se qhalakantsoe qala ya ho theha le enfelopo ea nyutlelie. Ka mor'a moo o arola ba cytoplasm le morali oa lisele tse di thehoa. Ho tloha seleng e le karohano se hlahile.

meiosis

Meiosis e hangata ka ho fetisisa e amanang le ho ikatisa thobalano ea lisele 'me sebopeho sa lisele tse ho kopanela liphate ka li-fungus, limela le liphoofolo. karohano Cell e entsoe ka dithulaganyo tse peli tse latellanang tsa karohano, Leha ho le joalo chromosome palopedi le hlaha feela pele karohano pele. Ke ka lebaka leo lisele sephetho le na le nomoro ea halofo ea chromosomes. Tshebetso ya ho meiosis kenyelletsa ditokiseletso mekhahlelo e 'meli ka sehloohong - pele ho arola le ho arola ho fihlela mong le e mong ea eona e arotsoe ka mekhahlelo e fapaneng.

Ka mohato oa pele oa pele ho arola chromosomes ke toka hantle bonahalang. Ka tsela eo homologous para chromosome qala ho theha, ho ka thata-thata ho khomarela mong ho e mong, 'me joale sotha hammoho bolelele ba eona kaofela. Ka mor'a moo, libaka tse homologous tsa chromosomes ho fapanyetsana likarolo pakeng tsa mong le e meng 'me ba arohane. Ho ekelletsa moo homologous chromosomes lokela Teng fihlela hammoho equator. Ka ho ba sethaleng hlahlamang chromosomes, e akarelletsa ho chromatids tse peli a qala ho diverge ikutloeleng lipalo. The kganetsano mong para e ikemetse ea lipara tse ling tsa chromosomes fapoha. Ka tsela eo ha thehoa lisele tse morali le palo halofo ea chromosomes.

Bobeli karohano seleng. Bohato ba pele bo akarelletsa timetso ea enfelopo ea nyutlelie le nyamele nucleoli. Ka mor'a moo hlaha leakage radiation. Ka nako eo, chromosomes lokela Teng tsoha ka equator ke attaching sa leakage radiation. Ka ho ba sethaleng boraro bobeli chromatids morali lisele tse butle-butle diverge ho lipalo. Ka mor'a hore ho na le lisele tse ka sete e le 'ngoe ea chromosomes. lisele tse ding hape kokoana-hloko ba thehoa. palo ea chromosomes ka seleng e ncha e tsosolosoa ka mor'a ho kopanngoa ha makala a diretswe go dira gametes.