Ka tatellano ea liketsahalo tafole ea Mayakovsky. Mekhahlelo ea bophelo le boiqapelo

Bophelo ba seroki ena fella e ile ea nka lilemo tse 37, empa ho fapana haholo. Ke e mong oa baeta-pele ba avant-garde bonono, 'me ile a re ka molao e le motšehetsi ea popota tsa Party line, manganga baahisane ka pele likhopolo. lithothokiso hae - motswako bohlale ho setjha mefuta e ncha le makgabane ka ho sa feleng diteng, ea matla lentsoe Tribune le poteletseng makolopetso lyrical. Mekhahlelo ea bophelo, e nang le tafole e ka tatellano ea liketsahalo tsa Mayakovsky, ka 'na ea bontša sebopeho sa botho ba seroki, empa ho hlahloba tekanyo e lona dumella tloaelana ho feta ka ho phethahetseng ka a biography hae oa pōpo.

1893-1906. bongoaneng

Hlahetse la 7 July, mobu 1893 ete ka lelapa Vladimira Konstantinovicha Mayakovskogo, ea ileng a leba Ofisi ea moru motsaneng Segeorgia haufi Baghdadi Kutaisi le Aleksandry Alekseevny Pavlenko, qalong ho tswa ho Kuban. Ntate-moholo oa ntate e ne e le Cossack esaul, o ile a fumana knighthood.

Mayakovsky tatellano ea liketsahalo tafole e na le e ngata ea bopaki anecdotal ya bokhoni ba le seroki nakong e tlang o ile a ruta ka boeena o ho bala, ho o thahasella le tšekamelo ikutloeleng lingoliloeng le ho penta, o hopola lintho tse ngata tsa lithothokiso, ke bolacha ka Segeorgia.

1902 - kena ka phahameng ya kindergarten Kutaisi dijiminasi, le bontša ho fuoa koetliso e ntle haholo-holo ka puo eo Russia le taka.

1905 - e thahasellisang eo ba ka mafolofolo liketsahalo tse Revolutionary, e sebetsang ka lipokano le lipontšo. O lahleheloang thahasella lithuto tsa.

February 19, 1906 o ile a hlokahala ka tšohanyetso mali a chefo vk Mayakovsky.

1906-1910. ka Moscow

Ka tatellano ea liketsahalo tafole ea Mayakovsky ka Moscow, mathoasong a nako - ithuta sekolong, ho itlosa bolutu Marxism, ikopanya le RSDLP (b), ho tšoaroa:

1906 August-Mayakovsky lelapa le ile la fallela Moscow, moo o ile a ithuta ba baholo morali'abo Vladimir - Lyudmila.

1906, September -nachinaet ithuta ka bohlano ba khale dijiminasi. Ho ithuta lekane, o ile a kopana le liithuti-barupeluoa ba ka mokhatlong oa Revolutionary. Thahasello ka ho bala libuka tsa filosofi, ho ithuta Marxism.

1908 - kena Russia Social-Democratic Party tsa Bolsheviks, mokga amohela lebitso la boswaswi la "Comrade Konstantin", tlohela sekolo ka dijiminasi ena. E belaela ba aba limemo le tlas'a e tšoaroe pele. Lokolloa bakeng sa lebaka la ho hloka bopaki.

1909 - batla ho tsoela pele ho thuto ea bona, kena Stroganov School, empa ka July ile a boela a tšoaroa ka belaelloa ka hlophisa ho phonyoha batšoaruoa. Ka Butyrskaya bala e iqapetsoeng e ngata, ho akarelletsa le Symbolist liroki. O leka ho ngola ka boeona.

1910 - Lelapa batla lokolloa ha Vladimir e le tse sa reng letho le. O kopanela ho penta ka ho lokisetsa bakeng sa kenoa ho Sekolo sa Painting, litsoantso tse betliloeng le Architecture.

1911-1914. Mayakovsky, futurist

Ka tatellano ea liketsahalo tafole Mayakovsky nako, tšimoloho ea pōpo mosebetsi - tloaelaneng le D. Burliuk, pele liketso le lingoliloeng, ho kopanela mokhatlong oa Futurists:

1911 September - kena MUZhViZ. Tloaelane le moetsi oa litšoantšo le seroki Davidom Burlyukom le futurists tse ling.

1912 - go gorosa Burliuk le lithothokiso hae, o ile a ananela ba haholo haholo. O nka khato ka ho bala pele ea phatlalatsa ea lithothokiso hae ka futuristic kape "kheloha Dog".

1912 December - hatisitsoeng lithothokiso ka Anthology "jabela ho sa Tsotellehe Latsoang Phatlalatsa".

1913 March - tluoa tabeng ea alemanaka ya "Missal tse tharo" ka lithothokiso le litšoantšo Mayakovsky.

1913, May - tsoela khatiso lithographic ea buka ea "Ke"

1913 December - kopanelang papaling ea ho ka liketso tse kopanetsweng tsa Futurists, tshebetso pele tsa tlokotsi "Vladimir Mayakovsky" St. Petersburg.

Ka 1914, January-March - kopanelang papaling ea ho ka liketso tsa Futurists pholletsa le naha-ho tloha Kazan ho Tbilisi. Qheletsoeng ka thoko ke tsoa sekolong, e mong oa mabaka a - ikamahanye ho futurism.

Ka 1914, November - mor'a ho qhoma ha ntoa e ile ba hana ho fumana lengolo la ho tšepahala, ho ke ke ho hlokahala hore a kopanele le moithaopi sesoleng.

1915-1919. Mayakovsky le Phetohelo

Mayakovsky tatellano ea liketsahalo tafole ea nako ea pele ho Revolutionary le poso-October - kopana le Gorky, le conscription BRIC, seabo liketsahalong tse Revolutionary, "Window KHŌLO":

1915, February - seboka le AM Babang.

1915 July - kopana le Liliey Yurevnoy Brik le monna oa hae.

1915 September - conscription. Ka lebaka la boiteko ba Gorky hlalositswe botsoalle le katileng maemo a Military khampani koloi ka Petrograd draftsman - Service koahela feela karolo ea letsatsi.

1916 - nakong ea selemo ka thoko ea "The mokokotlo lekolilo", "Ntoa le Khotso", "monna" lithothokiso tse ngata.

1917 Spring - ho morupeluoa mafolofolo liketsahalo tsa February phetohelo, o bua ka momahanya, o ile a re: boipelaetso, o ile a khethoa ho Petrograd basebetsi Arts Union.

1917 hoetla - mora oa October Phetohelo e emelang tshebedisano ya baetsi ba litšoantšo ba 'muso oa Soviet Union.

1918 Spring - oa ngola screenplays, ba ile ba lifiliming.

1918, November - the premiere tsa papali "Mystery-Bouffe".

1919 October-tsimolohong ka Moscow ho fetela ho "lifensetere" kgolo ya "- ho fihlela ho February 1922 bōpileng-poster 400 le litemana tse 600.

1920-1923. Mayakovsky setseng moeta-pele bonono

Ka tatellano ea liketsahalo tafole ea bophelo le mosebetsing oa nako ea Ntoa ea Lehae ea - ho loanela bakeng sa lithothokiso o mocha, o holong e ncha, filimi e ncha, leeto la pele ho Europe, koranta ea "mo molemeng":

1920 - pele malo oa phatlalatsa oa thothokiso "150.000.000", ho pholletsa le selemo liketso tse ngata ka lipuisano, lipuo, rallies.

1921 - tlhahiso ea "Mystery-Bouffe" Meyerhold.

1922 May - leeto la pele linaheng tse ling - ho Riga.

1922, October - the khumo ea mesebetsi e bokella.

1922 October - December - le leeto la ho ea Jeremane le Fora, ho kopana le baetsi ba litšoantšo ba itlhommeng pele ka ho le bangoli: Picasso, Léger, Braque, Cocteau, Natalia Goncharova, Mikhail Larionov le ba bang.

1923 March - tlile 1st taba ya koranta ea "mo molemeng" e hlophisitsoeng ke thothokiso Mayakovsky o "About That", lithothokiso tse ngata le lihlooho tse le sehlooho sa bonono ncha.

1923 October - o ile a ngola papatso kopi ya Mosselprom.

1924-1925. Seroki le agitator

A mangata a tlameha ho voey bophelo Mayakovsky. Ka tatellano ea liketsahalo tafole tsa bophelo le mosebetsi oa nako a sebetsang a tsamaea ho potoloha naha le lefatše - puo naheng, le leeto la ho ea Europe, e leng "sibolloa ha Amerika":

1924 selemo - lehlabuleng - bua leeto ho Ukraine, ea Crimea.

1924 hoetla-mariha selemong - le leeto la ho Paris.

1925 May - qalong ea Mayakovsky leeto ho Europe, moo a neng a ka sekepe romeloa ho Mexico le United States.

1925 July-December - ba ile ba kopana ka New York le D. Burliuk, eo o tsamaea ka mose America.

1926-1928. pōpo matla khōlong e feletseng

Ka tatellano ea liketsahalo tafole ea Mayakovsky - ka bokhutšoanyane ka nako ena re ka bolela hore nako ena ea bophelo ba le bonono matla khōlong e feletseng:

1926, January-February, June, August, October le November - tse ngata puo leeto la naha, hammoho le Poland, Czechoslovakia, Jeremane, Fora. Main dihlooho:

• New Art.
• Joang litemaneng tsa.
• sibolloa ka of America.

1927 - ho tsoa makasineng ea "New mo molemeng".

1928 - khatiso fapaneng tsa thothokiso e "Molemo".

1928 December - qetile ho bapala "Kekana", mosebetsi o qalile ka bontša: Meyerhold tataise, moralo -Kukryniksov, 'mino - Shostakovich.

1929-1930. tlhokomelo ea tlokotsi

Ka tatellano ea liketsahalo tafole ea bophelo Mayakovsky ka lilemong tsa morao tjena: nyatsoa ka matla ke ho tswa ho bahanyetsi, ho hloka kutloisiso ea beng ka rōna, maqakabetsi likamanong tsa botho:

1929 January - ngata tshebetso seroki hlakotsoe ka lebaka la ho lefu la 'metso.

1929 February - premiere tsa "Kekana" ka ho Meyerhold Theater kopana hlakang: thoriso le ho nyatsuoa sehlōhō tsa thero ka boeona e bapala.

1929, May - kopana le actor Veronikoy Polonskoy - lerato ho qetela tsa seroki sa.

1930 February - March - Pontšo: "Lilemong tse 20" Ka lehlakoreng le leng e qala ka Moscow Writers 'Club, ka Leningrad House of Print, ea Central House of Komsomol Red Presnya. Ho hoo e batlang e hlokomoloha bahlanka le bangoli.

1930, March - ka premiere tsa "Bani" ka Meyerhold Theater tsamaea le ho hloleha.

1930 April - tsa e leng e ile ea lokolloa ka e le qalo ea khoeli makasine "Print le Phetohelo" ka ditaelo tsa taolo ya betliloeng potreite tsa Mayakovsky le lumelisa ho eena ka sehopotso sa bo20 sa mosebetsi pōpo.

letsatsi mahlonoko

Lisosa tsa ho ipolaea tsa seroki sa hangata amanang le kamano ea lona e rarahaneng le Lily Brik, e na le matla a hoo e ka bang mohlolo holim 'a hae,' me le Veronica Polonsky ne a nyetse, empa o ne a batla ho qala bophelo bo tloaelehileng ba lelapa. Ho buuoa Tatyana Yakovleva, ba phetse nako e telele ka ho Paris bitsitsoeng hae ba 'nete le lerato. The tšohanyetso ea ho tloha bohloko spawned liphetolelong tse ngata, ho akarelletsa le polao ea seroki sa. Ka tatellano ea liketsahalo tafole ea Mayakovsky, ka bokhutšoanyane re bolella ka matsatsi a ho qetela a seroki sa:

La 12 April, 1930, o ile a ngolla e tummeng salisa lengolo le mantsoe a lerato sekepe 'nile ha soahlamane khahlanong le bophelo ...

La 14 April, 1930:

8,00 - o ne a tla ho telegraph tape le thelekramo fana T.Yakovlevoy Paris: "Mayakovsky thunngoa ka boeena."

8,30 - o ile a khaotsa ho Veronikoy Polonskoy le nkang ka eona foleteng ea hae.

9,00 - ba tla ho sebetsa ka folete Mayakovsky Lubyanskiy Travel.

9,30 - bookman lengosa le ea ntšitseng buka eo seroki sa ba laela hore ba, etsahetseng ho bona seroki eme ka mangole ka pel'a mosali e mocha.

10,45 - Polonsky tsoa kamoreng, a bolela hore o ne a le morao bakeng sa rehearsal ka lebaleng la liketsahalo, a mo tšepisa hore ba khutlele ka shoalane. Ka litepising, o ile a utloa motho a thunngoa resounded ka kamoreng. Khutlela morao, a bona Mayakovsky rapaletse fatše, le litsila tse teng mali a ka hempe ea hae sebakeng sa pelo. O ile a shoa pele ho ho fihla ha ka potlako letsetsa ambulense.

ho amohela posthumous

Sena ke a biography tsa Mayakovsky. Ka tatellano ea liketsahalo tafole ea ntsetseng pele ho hopola seroki e boetse ke thahasella.

Qetellong ea bo lekanyelitsoeng rarahaneng ho na Mayakovsky ke ba boholong ba tsa semmuso beha Stalin ka 1935, o ile a re: ". Mayakovsky ne le sa ntse e le molemo ka ho fetisisa, ba bangata ba nang le talente seroki ea epoch rona Union" Hang-hang ka mor'a moo ba qala reha lebitso literateng seroki metseng e mengata ea Union, lilaebrari, ho shebelloang lifilimi, joalo-joalo Ho phaella moo, lebitso Mayakovsky fumaneng:

1935 - The pele e neng e Triumph Square ka Moscow;

1938 - Station Zamoskvoretskaya mola oa Moscow Metro;

1946 - motseng sebakeng Kaliningrad;

1954 - Moscow Academic Drama Theater;

1967 - St. Petersburg seteishene Metro;

1967 - e nyenyane polanete ea.