Hypothalamic-pituitary oona tsamaisong

tsamaiso e khopo Hypothalamo-pituitary ke mehaho bonngoeng morphofunctional pituitary (tshebetso ya ho karolo e leketlileng e ka tlaase ea boko) le hypothalamus (karete ka diencephalon ea) tse amehang molao oa tsamaiso ya mesebetsi autonomic 'meleng ka sehloohong.

Hatisa ka lefapha diencephalon hormone na le ka ho toba inhibitory kapa Stimulating phello ea secretion ea li-hormone leketlileng tlase bokong. Tabeng ena ea tsamaiso hypothalamo-pituitary me se na mosebetsi poeletsotlaleho. E ne a rerile hore molao oa tsamaiso ea li-hormone secretion le tswakana (by eketseha tlhahiso ea li-hormone e litsoelesa endocrine e fokotsehile secretion ea li-hormone e diencephalon lefapha). Hypothalamic-pituitary oona tsamaisong liteko poeletsotlaleho, thusa ho boloka botsitso ka 'mele.

Gipofizotropnye hormone diencephalon karete arotswe liberiny (eketsa) le statin (braking) ba fapaneng ho hlahisoeng hormone Tropic. The lipakeng karolo molokong o mong ka o etsoa neuropeptides boko (a mofuta ofe limolek'hule protheine).

Ka ho fetisisa li-hormone hypophysis hypothalamus Stimulating le hantle, ho fapana prolactin e - secretion e tlas'a tonic inhibitory tšusumetso e hypothalamus.

Ha tšenyo (tlaase-tlaase transection) ka tlaase boko bakoang leketlileng conserved secretion ea oxytocin le vasopressin axons ka boemo bo phahameng bohare. Kahoo, ha ho be le lefu la tsoekere insipidus. Tlosoe hypothalamus kapa phahameng transection ya maoto sa di hlohleletsago oxytocin tlhahiso ea tahlehelo, vasopressin, le tsohle empa hormone prolactin ka pituitary tšoelesa.

Kahoo, mesebetsi ya tsamaiso hypothalamic-pituitary.

Physiology a qala ho hlokomela kamano ea ka methapo ea-portal ka adenohypophysis ena. Vascular leboteng e lumellang metsi ho kena fapaneng bakeng sa liprotheine kgolo. Lihlopha kgethile seleng e nuclei ba thehoa hypothalamus le. Har'a bona ba 32 lipara. Ba kenya letsoho ha ho molao oa tsamaiso ea mesebetsi bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa 'mele. Sebakeng sena concentrated litsi se hodimo sa lihlopha le kutloelo-bohloko le parasympathetic ba tsamaiso autonomic tšohile ka. Kahoo, khatello ea mali molao oa tsamaiso e atlehe, mocheso, ho robala, tlhahiso mocheso, tahlehelo ea takatso ea lijo, 'me tse ling tse vascular e lumellang metsi ho kena.

Hypothalamic-pituitary tsamaiso e khopo e amehang tabeng ea ho se feela ho hlokomela le tiisetso ya tikoloho hare motho. E boetse e fana ka ea khoeli le khoeli, letsatsi le letsatsi, ka linako tse itseng, 'me tse ling tse morethetho liphetoho hormonal.

HPA a selekane (hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal selekane) ke khona ho ba le bohlokoa inhibitory phello ea ka tšebetso ea tsamaiso ea ho ikatisa e motšehali maemong a fapaneng. Hatisa tlas'a tšusumetso ea CRH (KTRG - corticotropin-ho lokolloa, hormone) proopiomelanocortin peptides ikitlaetsa e le hantle inhibitory ka tlhahiso ea hypothalamic gonadotropin-ho lokolloa hormona. Glucocorticoids thibela metsoako tlhahiso ea LH (luteinizing hormone ea) pituitary le progesterone le estrogen bananeng ka mae a bomme ka, ka tlaase nahanela ya lisele tse fapaneng ho estradiol.

Kahoo, karolo ea bohlokoa ea HPA selekane ikemiselitse ha eaba ba etsa le khatello amenorrhea (ho hloka nako matsatsing nakong ea likhoeli tse fetang 6), "hypothalamic". Hammoho le sena, ho na le ke ka ho toba stimulatory phello mohlohlelletsi estrogen bananeng phatsa ea lefutso (etellang tatelano ea nucleotides), e leng boikarabelo ba ho tswakana KTRG le mehaho noradrenergic ka CNS. Sena se hlalosa ho ba teng ha hypercortisolism bonolo (eketsehileng tshebetso adrenal cortex), ho tšoenyeha, mafu a feto-fetoha, feto-fetoha, lefu la takatso ea lijo 'me matšoao a tse ling.