History Museum (Kaluga) Aterese, lihora tsa tshebetso. Kaluga: maeto

History Museum (Kaluga) o na le pokello ke ba ruileng ba lipontsuoa, tse ngata tsa tsona intša ho lekholo la bo17 la lilemo. The palo ea lintho tse ka nako e telele e fetisitswe 100 likete beha dintho. Tlas'a tšimoloho ea eona le musiamo o bokella makala leshome le qeto eo e amohetsweng ka 2016 ba ile ba fallela ho ea boemo ba United Museum.

The musiamo e moholo ea Lore ea moo

History Museum (Kaluga) ho ile ha thehoa 1897. Boemo ho ile ha nka e 'ngoe ea mehaho e moholo motseng - Ntlo, e leng hang e le mohoebi ea Korobov (lekholong la lilemo la bo17 la lilemo). The bonahatse pele e le oa lifensetere tse hlano, moo ba ileng ba bonahatsa oa fumana lintho tse epolotsoeng, lichelete tsa tšepe tsa boholo-holo, lintho tsa bophelo ba letsatsi le letsatsi ka makhetlo a fetile. The musiamo e bulehileng feela habeli ka beke, palo ea baeti bakeng sa selemo ne e le nyenyane haholo - batho ba 500 feela.

By 1904, ea moo histori musiamo (Kaluga) 'na a ka chelete ka bang 1,000 dintho, e neng e akarelletsa mangolo a A. S. Pushkina, N. V. Gogolya pene le ka 1915 pokello ne se diyuniti 1200.

Ka mor'a 1918 setheo e ile fetoloa "la Musiamo oa History." mohaho, eo hona joale Houses Musiamo oa Kaluga Libaka, chelete le tlhaloso e ba ile ba fallela ka 1922. Makala pele ba ne ba di ne tsa kopanngwa ka 1924, le ho leka-lekana ea musiamo e ba ile ba fallela "ho le sesosa molemo," Art. A ho qetela ka 1925, o nang le mafapha a 'maloa ba ile tlas'a sebakeng se taolong ea Glavnauka.

Main replenishment hlahile ka 30s, ha Musiamo oa History Local (Kaluga) o ile a likereke tseo replenished thepa felisoa le estates nationalized. Ka 1939, pokello e le oa lintho tse 10,000.

From Ntoa ho kajeno

Nakong e Moholo ho rata naha Ntoa musiamo liholo li sa sebelitse likhoeli tsohle tse 10 ka ba bang kaofela ba pontšo ho ile ha buloa ho sechaba. Nakong ea mosebetsi, kaha matsatsi a 78, le musiamo o ne a koaloa. Historical lefa la sitoa ho ba ntsoa sebakeng sena, 'me bakeng sa selemo (1942-43). Basebetsi ba ile baloa boholo ba tšenyo e. Tokomane sephetho ile a bolela hore 10% ba ne ba ile a ikhapela thepa musiamo likoleke amanang le nako ea ho la bo18 la la lilemo classicism.

Ka 1944 le musiamo o ile a fallela boemo ba lebatowa, ke 1945 chelete e ne e ena le likotoana tsa 7712, e leng 2143 diyuniti buloa bakeng sa ho fihlella sechaba. Nakong ena, basebetsi ba bokella mokgatlo, ditokomane le hopola e Moholo ho rata naha Ntoa, e neng e le motheo oa thuto ea 50 - 60s ea musiamong maloa setso sebakeng seo. Ka mor'a moo, tse tšeletseng tsa tsona e ile ea makala 'me a kena ka ea moo histori musiamo (Kaluga). Kajeno, setheo e amohela baeti ba ka makala a 10.

Manor rarahaneng

History Museum (Kaluga) e e-ba teng ka lilemo tse fetang 100 lilemong tse, nako ena eohle, chelete pokello lula ntjhafatswa le hona joale e na le tse fetang 100 tse sekete lipontsuoa ikhethang. Ka 1982, ho mehaho ea Manor khale, e leng musiamo le pokello ea melao ea boitšoaro e fumanweng e phetseng hantle e le 'ngoe, ka lebaka la khopolo ea kopantseng ba, e etsoang ke Leningrad baetsi ba litšoantšo le bo-rasaense.

The bonahatse ho fetisisa tummeng ea seboka ke meralo e rarahaneng, se hahiloeng ka 1808, moo History Museum (Kaluga) ke hona joale. History ea ntlo ka sehloohong e re bolella hore hang ha e ne e bitsoa ntlo ea borena, 'me e ne e le Manor ruileng ka ho fetisisa motseng oo. kene lekokong e khabisitsoeng ka reliefs phahameng tsa histori ea mahlo-mafubelu Segerike, kena e khōlō e khabisitsoeng ka litšiea le khoro tracery ea tšepe e teiloeng terata, hammoho le liheke maholohali. Karolong e ka hare ea jareteng ke lepheo ka pele, kamore ea makareche, koala sebaka koahetsoeng la gallery, beha ka e tsoeu e le Lejoe golf, khabisitsoeng ka litšiea Tuscan.

Tlhaloso ea pontšong ea musiamo

The interiors la ntlo ea 'muso e ne e tsebahala haholo ho pholletsa Kaluga, sebetsa ka phetha bona leihlo ka Setaliana meralo S. Campioni. Le mokatong oa pele, moo pele e neng e lokiselitsoe marobalo sebakeng jareteng bakeng sa merero ea khoebo, hona joale ba bontšitse thepa lefapha la tlhaho.

Le mokatong oa bobeli, ka liholong tsa ho motso, jala fetang e tlhaloso e nehetsoeng ho histori ea sebakeng seo. The liluloana pele tletse ka lintho tse fumanoeng ba lintho tse epolotsoeng tse bontšang boemo bo phahameng ba tsoelo-pele ea batho ba boholo-holo. Tse latelang ke lintho tse ka tlung, ho roala mabenyane a, liaparo tsa mohoebi Rusich. Nako ea Petrose ke bolela ponahalo ea tlhahiso pele liindastering. Ka liholong tsa ho ea musiamo e bontšitse oache, ba nehelana ka Empress Catherine II ho tlotla ya e leng 'musisi ka Kaluga.

A palo e kholo ea lintho tse bokellwang ka liholong tsa ho nehetsoeng ho Ntoa ea 1812 'me Ntoa ea II ea Lefatše. Ho phaella ho liketsahalo ea histori, pokello e na le setso sa lingoliloeng classic ea lekholo la bo19 la lilemo, o ile a etela Kaluga, mona e na le lipontsuoa e le N. V. Gogolyu, F. M. Dostoevskomu, A. P. Chehovu, le bangoli ba bang ba.

makala a

Regional Museum ka Kaluga ea lekala ou mema hore u etela:

• Nang lebitso bophahamo. tlhaloso e e nehetsoeng ho lokolloa ha seterekeng Kuibyshev nakong e Moholo ho rata naha Ntoa, ha sehlopha sa banna ba nang le batho ba 18, ba ile ba khona ho hapa sebaka se phahameng sa bohlokoa tsa 224,1. Lebitso la musiamo e fana ka pina V. E. Basnera "bophahamong bo nang lebitso", nehetsoeng ho heroism tsa masole-Siberians.
• Borovsk. Ofisi ea lekala e leng hona teng motseng oa boholo-holo oa Borovsk le bontša histori ea eona. Dikarolo tsa musiamo a nehetsoeng mohoebi, e leng Khale molumeli lineano, lintlha pale ea baitlami ba babeli - Pokrovsky le Pafnutev- Borowski. Sehlooho sa pontšo e na le likaroloana tsa frescoes boholo-holo le karolo meralo ea Nativity Cathedral le matlong a baitlami, letsopa, litene tse entsoeng ka matsoho lekholong la lilemo la bo16 la lilemo. A pokello e khōlō ea lifoto bobolokelotshedimosetso bolella pale ea epolloa ha a le lebitleng la boyar Morozova. Presents maikemisetso a bophelo ba letsatsi le letsatsi tsa bahoebi le ba malapa a bourgeois.
• Zaitseva Gora. tlhaloso e e nehetsoeng ho histori e telele ea loantša lebotho la Masoviet le khahlanong le bahlaseli Jeremane bakeng sa tsela e khōlō ea Warsaw le bophahamong mosolotogamaano etsoa likarapa hanyetsa Jeremane, e 'ngoe ea tseo e ne e le "Zaitseva Gora".
• Ilyinsky meeling. Sehopotso inehetse ho heroism le Ilyinskikh baithuti likolong sesole. Ka mor'a matsatsi a 12, ba ile ba theoha bahlaseli hlasela Moscow.
• Kozelsk. Sa pontso ka bontša histori ea o mong oa metse e moholo a le sebakeng Kaluga, histori lona khale lekholong la bo12 la lilemo. musiamo e teng ea khale matlong Tsyplakovovyh bahoebi. Ka liholong tsa ho ba oa fumana lintho tse epolotsoeng, histori lintho tsa boholo-holo. tse pedi thematic pontšo "Diabolose o tutulu" hape ba hlahisa (9-10 lilemo) le "Vyatichesky funerary rarahaneng ya 12-13 lekholong la lilemo la." A sebaka bohareng ae phethang ea ntoeng seile neheloa Kozelsk ntoeng.
• Mosalsk. Musiamo inehetseng ho histori ea motse, tšohloa dikarolo tse bohale tsa tlhaho, histori, ethnography le liketsahalo ho theosa le lilemo. thahasello e khōlō har'a baeti ke ho tsosolosa ea la balemi motlotloane ka pele ho Revolutionary Russia.
• Manor Park "Linen Factory". The sete le 'ngoe ea di ne tsa kopanngwa estates tse peli tsa Goncharov le Shchepochkina. Tšobotsi e sa matlo a sebakeng sona ka naha ea line ea boleng bo le pampiri lifektheri. Ho na le musiamo-matlo Goncharov, kereke ea fetoha sebōpeho, serapeng sa boikhathollo le mehahong hothouse, stables le tse ling tse tummeng historing libaka meralo.
• Tarussky musiamo. Ha ho buuoa ka lekhetlo la pele la motse ke ea litlaleho tsa histori Tarussa 1246. Ka liholong tsa ho ea musiamong motse hlahisa lipontsuoa ethnographic, dingolwa tlhaloso e, e leng karolo tse arohaneng tsa boemo nehetsoeng ho bophelo le mosebetsi oa mongoli K. G. Paustovskogo.
• Tarussky Museum Tsvetaevs. Ka liholong tsa ho ea tlhaloso e ka bophelo, e sebetsa tsa seroki Marina Tsvetaeva.

excursions

Ka 2016 le musiamo o ile a fallela boemo le lecha 'me hona joale o bitsoa "Kaluga Museum-Reserve." Ka nako eo, ho na le e hlophisitsweng, ea kopanngoa ha makala ka hare le ho lokisetsa mananeo a macha. Empa mosebetsi oa ea moo histori musiamo ke ke sitisoa le baeti mengoa hore leeto:

• Histori ea sebaka se Kaluga. linako Substantively hlahloba le tlalehiloeng ho hōla moruong sebakeng ho tloha lekholong la bo17 la lilemo, a lebisa tlhokomelo e ngata e nehetsoeng mohaho oa motse, ntshetsopele setso, lingoliloeng, bonono.
• Mofuta wa sebaka Kaluga. The kgahlamelo ya maqhubu a qaqileng Geological, libōpeho libaka bohale hlahiswa magala prehistoric lifeforms fumanoa nakong ea ho epolloa kapa kaho mosebetsi tšimong. Boholo ba pontšo e ke limela le liphoofolo tsa sebaka seo emetsweng lipontsuoa ho tswa ho nako ea boholo-holo ho fihlela joale.
• Eksotiske liphoofolo. leeto la go gorosa baeti ba baemeli ba liphoofolo ho tloha lefatšeng ka bophara (Amerika Boroa, Asia, Afrika, joalo-joalo), A mangata lipontsuoa ho bontsha bophelo ba lefatše ka tlas'a metsi, e emeloang ke liphoofolo tsa bohareng Russia.
• Tlasa banner banner banner ba Masoviet. Excursion bua ka ho thehoa ha matla Union, ntshetsopele ya sebakeng seo ho fihlela ka 1941, o nahana ka qetello ea batho ka bomong, e le pontšo ea nako e nako ea Ntoa ea Lehae ea, mokhatlo Stakhanovite, khatello. Pontšo setsi, e nehetsoeng leeto thematic ba lefsa interiors tlelaseng, foleteng kopanetsweng.
• Kaluga Region nakong e Moholo ho rata naha Ntoa. Thematic excursions li tšoareloa holong e nehetsoeng ho sehopotso 65th ea Tlhōlo ntoeng. lipontsuoa li hlahisa e le hore ka tatellano ea liketsahalo, e senola tsela ea liketsahalo, ho e ntsetsa pele mabitso a baahi ba - barupeluoa ba mafolofolo ntoa le ba sebetsang ka morao. Sebaka bohareng o fuoa ho diorama "The lokolloa ha Kaluga".

Ka musiamo le pokello ke ba ruileng ba bokana hore fana ka mefuta e fapaneng ya maemo a bakang ho maeto. Kahoo, thahasello eo e ile a etsa hore ke lipale tse buang ka ya Decembrists, histori ea porcelain le letsopa, liketsahalo tsa Ntoa ea 1812, ba le tse ling tse ngata.

boitsebiso ba bohlokoa

Le botsoalle amohelehile baeti Kaluga Regional Museum (Mokhoa oa tshebetso - 9:30 - 17:30, se qeta chelete ka 17:00 litekete letsatsi la phomolo). Mode ya tshebetso Moqebelo: 11:00 - 19:00. Letsatsi ba bang kaofela ke Mantaha. litheko tekete qala ho tloha 100 li-ruble.

ditjeo fokotswa fuwa baithuti, baamogedi ba phensene le liithuti. Free ho fihlella e fumaneha ho baahi bohle ka Letsatsi la ho limusiamong, hammoho le dihlopha tse itseng tsa baahi ba ka metlha, o ka ho ea National History Museum (Kaluga). Address: Pushkin seterata, ho haha 4.

maeto Kaluga

Tse ngata tsa histori liketsahalo, liemahale, litsi tsa litaba tsa setso ka khahlisa motse oa Kaluga bahahlauli. A Thahasellisang hare palo joalo hore ba khahlanyetsa ke ke ba letsatsi le le leng. Hodimo leshome boemohali libaka sebele rekoa ka ketelo kenyeletsa:

• St. George Cathedral hahiloeng ka 1701.
• Tempele ea fetoha sebōpeho ea lekholo la bo17 la lilemo, e leng ka naheng ea qhobosheane ea.
• Optina (70 km SE tloha Kaluga). Ho latela neano, baitlami ba e thehiloe ke ea bakileng lesholu Optoy lekholong la bo19 la lilemo morao. E rarahaneng e na le selemo ka mohlolo, la bobeli e halalelang selemo teng ka mabōpong a nōka Zhizdra.
• State Musiamo oa Cosmonautics Tsiolkovsky. E na Russia e kholo ka ho fetisisa pontšong nehetsoeng morolo sebaka. The letlole nang ka 600.000 lintho tsa ho fihlella - diyuniti 400 tse sekete.
• Kamoreng Korobov bahoebi. Ho ke sefika meralo ea mehaho ea boholo-holo Russia ea lekholo la bo17 la lilemo.
• Stone borokho tsoang Berezuevskogo bohale ba le khohlo e lilomo ka. The viaduct e ile ea hahoa ka 1785 'me e Russia e kholo ka ho fetisisa Lejoe sebopeho ea mofuta oa eona. Bolelele e limithara tse 160 'me bophara ba limithara tse 20. Bohareng karolo - maemo a mabeli a ka arches.
• Hotel Courtyard Khale Trading Square. Moaho le sebakeng seo ho matleng a lekholo la bo18 la lilemo, mosebetsi oa kaho o ne a qala ka ho bahoebi le setšeng sa le khohlo e lilomo khale. Tsosolosoeng ha etsoa ka 2015.
• Pearl Kaluga - Finca Zolotarev, moo ea moo histori musiamo e le hona teng.
• Craft Musiamo oa Architecture le Bophelo. Ho na le pontšo e pharaletseng ea histori ea mesebetsi ea matsoho ea setso setso, kgolo toys exposures letsopa. Tse ling tsa lipontsuoa ho intša khutlela le makholo a lilemo 17-18th.
• Nikola-noaboloha, motseng ka phakeng ea bohlokoa ea sechaba "Ugra", moo selemo le selemo bonono mokete "Archstoyanie". Ka naha ea baetsi ba litšoantšo le Litsebi entse litsoantso tse betliloeng buka e ikhethang e entsoeng ka thepa e tlhaho, tse hasaneng ho pholletsa le pokello ea.

Sena ha se lenane tse feletseng tsa hore na ba ka ratang baeti ba motseng oa Kaluga. Lifika motseng le tšimong. Buka e ikhethang Shamordino baitlami e haufi le motse oa Shamordino. Central Kazan Cathedral e khabisitsoeng ka 15 domes, tharollo kakaretso bua ka mokhoa oa ho ngola khale Russia, intricately bontša neano mahlo-mafubelu. Ema hlahlobisisoa Manor Vorobyov, sefika ho sysadmin e, House benghali, le tse ling.