Gray le tšoeu taba ea boko

Boko ba motho bo e entsoe ka morero o tšoeu le bohlooho. Pele - ke tsohle e tletseng pakeng tsa taba ea bohlooho ka cortex le nuclei basal. Ka lera holim na junifomo ea bohlooho lisele tse taba methapo ea kutlo eo botenya ke halofo ho millimeters bane.

O ile a ithuta ka ho qaqileng, seo bohlooho 'me tšoeu taba ka bokong.

From seo dintho tsena

CNS ntho e ya mefuta e 'meli: tšoeu le bohlooho.

Tšoeu ntho entsoe ka plurality oa likhoele methapo ea kutlo 'me methapo ea kutlo dithulaganyo seleng, eo enfelopo e na le' mala o mosoeu.

Taba ea bohlooho e na le lisele tse methapo ea kutlo le dithulaganyo. Methapo ea kutlo likhoele hokela likarolong tse fapaneng tsa e bohareng tsamaiso ea oona le methapo ea kutlo litsi tšohile.

Gray le tšoeu taba ea thapo lesapo la mokokotlo

Inhomogeneous lintho tse bonahalang la 'mele ke ea bohlooho le tšoeu. Litšoantšo pele ea nomoro ea tonanahali ea methapo ea kutlo, e leng bo khobokellane ho khubu 'me li ba le mefuta e meraro:

• radicular lisele tse;
• Toloki methapo ea kutlo;
• lisele tse ka hare.

taba tšoeu potolohileng le lesapo la mokokotlo khoele ea bohlooho taba. Ho na le e hlophisitsweng, methapo ea kutlo, me o qapa litsamaiso tse litlheferetsi tse tharo:

• kenellang lipakeng le afferent methapo ea kutlo e amahanya likarolo tse sa tšoaneng tsa khoele lesapo la mokokotlo;
• afferent kutlo ke centripetal telele;
• dilenaneo afferent kapa centrifugal e telele.

medulla oblongata

re tseba ba 'nete hore kaheho ea, hore khoele lesapo la mokokotlo e ba o molelele o. Karolo ea boko ba ka holimo ke motenya ho feta tlase. Bolelele karolelano ea ho 25 millimeters, 'me e bōpehileng joaloka e khoune truncated.

E develops matla a khoheli le ho utluwang makala tse amanang le ho hema 'me ajoa mali. Ka hona, ea bohlooho taba liboto tse laoloang ho leka-lekana, metabolism, ajoa, respiration, mokhatlo oa tšebelisano.

hindbrain

boko ena e entsoe ka borokho le cerebellum. Nahana ka taba ea bohlooho 'me tšoeu ho tsona. Bridge ke kgolo tšoeu rolara ho tswa ho lehlakoreng le ka morao la botlaaseng. Ka lehlakoreng le leng e bontšoa leliboho lona le maoto a ea boko, 'me ka tse ling - ka nako e telele. Haeba re etsa a cross-karolo ya, taba e tšoeu le nuclei bohlooho mona e tla bonoa hantle. likhoele ho parola arola ho koala ventral le dorsal libakeng. Ka ventral tšoeu taba haholo-holo litseleng teng le bohlooho mona bopa konokono tsa lona.

The dorsal karolo e nuclei: ho switjha, sebopeho reticular, tsamaiso ea kutlo 'me methapo cranial.

cerebellum e teng tlasa lobes occipital. Ho akarelletsa ho ea Lefatše le karolong e bohareng bitsoa "sebōkō". Taba ea bohlooho ba cortex le nuclei cerebellar tse shatro-, nodular, le probkovidnym Gear. Tšoeu taba ya boko karolong ena e teng tlasa makhapetla cerebellum ena. E kenella ka hare ho gyrus tsohle e le liplatelete tšoeu le na le likhoele tse sa tšoaneng, tseo e ka ba tlame dilae le meanders kapa romeloa ho cores hare kapa amahanya likarolo tse boko.

midbrain

E qala ho tswa ho bohareng bokong woman take bubble. Ka lehlakoreng le leng e lumellanang le holim 'a brainstem pakeng tsa tšoelesa pineal le boko holimo leeto ka sekepe le ka tse ling - pakeng tsa mammillary mele kabelo le karolo e ka pele ea borokho.

Li akarelletsa aqueduct bokong, ka lehlakoreng le leng e le moeli oa fanoa ke marulelong, 'me ka ba bang - le maoto lebili khoele. Ka karolo e ventral khetholla morao perforated ntho le kholo boko bakoang, ha dorsal - marulelo poleiti le mofeng ka holimo ka tlaase le cusps.

Ha re nahana ka aqueduct kgolofalo ka taba e tšoeu le bohlooho ea boko, rea bona hore tšoeu potolohileng e bohareng ea bohlooho ntho entsoe ka lisele tse ntle le e nang le tsona ka botenya ba millimeters 2 ho 5. Ho na le ea le literata e, le trigeminal cranial methapo ea kutlo, hammoho le khenele eketsehileng le tsa ho qetela lipakeng.

diencephalon

Ho e teng pakeng tsa polokelo callosum le khoro le laterally fused le boko phahameng ka ho fetisisa. The dorsal karohano bopilwe thalamus, ka holimo-limo ea tsona e nadbugore, 'me e teng ka ventral sebakeng nizhnebugornaya.

taba ea bohlooho e entsoe ka nuclei, e leng di amanang le litsi nahanela.
Tšoeu taba litseleng tse hlahisoang litaelo tse sa tšoaneng, ho etsa bonnete ba ho mabapi le sebōpeho sa e cortex boko le khubu. The diencephalon e boetse e akarelletsa le pituitary le pineal tšoelesa.

endbrain

Emeloang ke hemispheres tse peli, e leng a arola sekotjana mathang hammoho le bona. E connects ho botebo ba polokelo callosum le Spikes.

The cavity faneng ventricles lateral, teng ho e 'ngoe le ea Lefatše bobeli. hemispheres tsena li entsoe ka:

• seaparo se neocortex kapa tse tšeletseng-karolong e ka holimo le ka liseleng tse sa tšoaneng methapo ea kutlo;
• striatum ea ganglia basal - boholo-holo, a tsofetse 'me e ncha;
• , partitions.

Empa ka linako tse ling ho na le tlhophiso e 'ngoe:

• olfactory boko;
• subcortex;
• taba ea bohlooho ba cortex ea.

Ntle le ho ama taba ea bohlooho, khaotsang ho hang-hang ka tšoeu.

About likarolo tsa taba e tšoeu tsa hemispheres ho

Taba e tšoeu ea boko ae phethang e le sebaka sohle pakeng tsa nuclei bohlooho le basal. Ho na le palo e ngata ea likhoele methapo ea kutlo. The libakeng tse latelang li fumaneha ka taba tšoeu:

• ntho bohareng hare komiki, polokelo callosum le likhoele telele;
• tlale thabo moqhaka oa likhoele divergent;
• semioval Center likarolong le ka ntle;
• ntho ea grooves pakeng tsa convolutions ena.

Methapo ea kutlo likhoele tse:

• commissural;
• amanang ka;
• Boqapi ba.

The ntho e tšoeu e kenyeletsa likhoele methapo ea kutlo, tse amanang le mong le convolutions tse ling tsa cortex bokong le mekhatlo e meng.

likhoele methapo ea kutlo

Ha e le hantle likhoele commissural ke karolo ea polokelo callosum. Ba leng teng ka commissures boko bo hokela makhapetla ka hemispheres fapaneng le lintlha ditshwani.

Faeba amanang ka dikarolo hlophisitsoe ka ea Lefatše e le 'ngoe. Ka ena e khutšoanyane hokela haufi gyri, 'me nako e telele - tse le hōle haholo le e mong le tse ling.

Masela boqapi ba amanang le lihlopha le karolong e ka holimo tse teng ka tlaase 'me ka ho eketsehileng le periphery ea.

Ha hare komiki pono tse tobileng karolo tla bonahalang lenticular khubu le maoto khama e tšehali. likhoele boqapi ba arotsoe ka:

• likhoele extending ho tloha thalamus ho cortex le ka lehlakoreng le fapaneng, ba ile ba excite le makhapetla a centrifugal;
• likhoele lebisoa ho nuclei methapo ea kutlo dilenaneo;
• likhoele, ho fana ka linaoa ho mesifa ea 'mele kaofela;
• faeba laela ho tloha cortex ho nuclei borokho, laolang le ho fana ka braking bohato ho sebetsa cerebellum.

Tseo likhoele a bataletseng a le haufi haholo le makhapetla, ho bōpa moqhaka tlale thabo. Ebe karolo e khōlō ea tsona e kena ka komiki e ka hare, moo tšoeu tiileng e pakeng tsa caudate le nuclei lenticular le thalamus.

Ka holim'a metsi ho na le mohlala ofe o rarahaneng haholo moo furrows ngoe le maporogo therebetween. Ba ba bitsoa gyri. furrows tebileng arola ea Lefatše ka libakeng tse kholo, tse bitsoang lobes. Ka kakaretso sulcus ea boko ke ka ho teba ka bomong, ba ka e fapaneng haholo bakeng sa batho ba fapaneng.

The hemispheres na lobes hlano:

• tse tobileng;
• parietal;
• ya ntango;
• occipital;
• islet.

Foro simoloha bohareng ka holimo a ea Lefatše 'me o susumelletsa fatse' me le fetisetsa ho lobe tse tobileng. karolo e ka morao ea sulcus bohareng ke lobes parietal, eo e fella ka parietooccipital mohoma.

Tse tobileng lobe e arotsoe meanders tse 'nè, paatsepama le tshekaletseng.
Holim lateral tsa lobe ya ntango e emeloang ke convolutions tse tharo tse delimited le e mong le tse ling.

Sulcus tsa lobe occipital ke polygonal. Empa mong le e mong hangata e na le sefapano, eo e amana le qetellong mohoma interparietal.

Re teng ka parietal lobe groove ka mathang e tšoanang le ho ea bohareng tshekaletseng le kopanngwe le groove ka tse ling. Ho itšetlehile ka sebakeng bona ea arolelana ena e arotsoe ka convolutions tse tharo.

Island e na le sebopeho kgutlotharo. E koahetsoeng ka convolutions ena e khutšoanyane.

boko lethopa

Ka lebaka la seo a se finyeletseng tsa saense ea kajeno e ile ea khoneha ho phetha theknoloji e phahameng tekotshupo boko. Kahoo, ha ho na le ke lethopa pathological ka taba e tšoeu, e ka lemoha ka ho ba sethaleng hoseng 'me a ho abela kalafo ka tsela nakong.

Har'a mafu eo a bakoa ke diso tsa ntho e, lokolla ka tlōlo polushaniyah, capsules bolwetse, polokelo callosum le syndromes tlhaku e tsoakiloeng. Ka mohlala, ha ho ka morao likotsi leoto halofo e 'ngoe ea' mele oa motho ka nyotobetsa. bothata bona e ka ba teng le phytoteratology nahanela kapa likoli tse bonwang tšimo. Sebetse hantle ya polokelo callosum etella pele ho lefu la kelello. Tabeng ena, motho eo o khaotsa ho ba hlokomela e potolohileng sepheo liketsahalo, joalo-joalo, kapa ha e etsa liketso tsa morero. Ha a tsitsinkela ke tse peli tse-le ka lehlakoreng, ka ho ketekoa engole mafu a le ho bua.

Ho ke ke ha khoneha ho feteletsa bohlokoa ba bobeli taba ea bohlooho le tšoeu ka bokong. Kahoo kapele lemoha boteng ba lefu, molemo le menyetla hore phekolo e tla ba e atlehileng.