Electroplating tšepe tlotsa metale ka senke: theknoloji, thepa

Tlotsa metale ka senke - atlehang le theko e tlaase, 'me ka hona tsela e tloaelehileng ea ho sireletsa tšepe ferrous tloha ts'enyeho. Maemong a mangata, e le sebelisitsoe ka tlhahisong ea hardware le fasteners, le letlooeng tšepe.

Mekhoa ea ho sebelisa barbotage zinki

Anticorrosive tlotsa metale ka senke etsoa ka litsela tse sa tšoaneng, 'me bophelo ba tšebeletso ea barbotage e itšetlehile ka botenya ba lera la sireletsang.

mokhoa o mong oa barbotage itšetlehile ka thepa le li lakalitseng, boholo sehlahisoa, maemo a bakeng sa ho e sebelisa ka ho eketsehileng.

Ka ho fetisisa bonolo le e manufacturable, empa e fana ka lekaneng ho hanyetsa khatello ea kelello ho phetha molao feela oa lera le sireletsang, - e batang tlotsa metale ka senke dessyecik mobu, eo e na le palo e khōlō ea khabeloa arotsoe zinki phofo.

Ke bophahamo ba modumo tlotsa metale ka senke tlhahiso ea bopula bobeli chesang-ina tlotsa metale ka senke. The barbotage fumana ka tsela ena, boleng bo phahameng 'me tsoarellang, empa tikoloho sa bolokehang, ho tloha zinki qhibiliha e sebediswa, empa a sa ntse ho boloka mocheso lona hanyenyane ka tlase ho 500 ° C hloka e khōlō palo ya matla ea motlakase, mekhoa lik'hemik'hale ea ho lokisetsa holim'a.

tsoana haholo ho chesang-ina tlotsa metale ka senke ho feta thekenoloji, empa tlase o atlehang mokhoa oa ho sebelisa mokato sireletsang tsa diffusion mogote. E e sebediswa ha beha ditletlebong phahameng ka botenya le ka ntle barbotage kelello.

Tsela e 'ngoe ea tlotsa metale ka senke - ka nyanyatsoa khase-mogote, e leng e sebediswa bakeng sa ho sireletsa lihlahisoa kgolo le dibopeho tse feela ho ke ke ha khoneha ho beha hlapa.

Tlotsa metale ka senke nang ngata tsa go tlhoka mesola ya le mekhoa e meng barbotage le na le lehlakore le lona e nepahetseng.

Melemo ea tlotsa metale ka senke

mokhoa o mong oa ho sebelisa barbotage zinki ke electrolysis ke atileng ka ho fetisisa.

Ka ba molemo ka sehloohong, ka lebaka la tseo e galvanically sebelisoa tšepe tlotsa metale ka senke, ke tekanyo e phahameng sa tšireletso khahlanong ts'enyeho holim 'a boitsebiso boo. A lera tšesaane ea zinki eketsa bophelo ba tšebeletso ea lihlahisoa makhetlo a 'maloa,' me ka hona ho fokotsa litsenyehelo tsa ho ba tokiso le Phetolo.

The barbotage e fumana esita le ntle le streaks le marotholi bolokoa le sebopeho le boholo ba dihlahiswa. Sebetsa hoa khoneha ho beha dintho tsa efe kapa efe, esita le dibopeho rarahaneng ka ho fetisisa.

Smooth ebile e benya khabisitsoeng coatings se hlokang maemong a mangata kalafo ka ho eketsehileng.

Ntle ho moo, tshebetso tlotsa metale ka senke hloka feela ditshenyehelo tse sa reng letho, 'me aggregates galvanic na le tlhahiso phahameng.

go tlhoka mesola tlotsa metale ka senke

mokhoa A bakeng sa ho etsa kopo ya barbotage sireletsang ke electrolysis hase ntle ho haelloang teng.

The drawback ka sehloohong - tlaase zinki mamarello ho tšepe, ka lebaka la ho e holim 'a sehlahiswa tlameha ho feletseng clean.

The downside ke hape ho thehoe ka barbotage thulaganyou e litšila tse chefo tse hlokang ho hloekisa tebileng.

Hloleha mekhoa e ka bakela ho tlatsa tsa tšepe motsoali oa ka haedrojene, e leng se ka fragility tsa sehlahiswa le qhala tsa boleng barbotage.

Molao-motheo oa ho sebetsa

Tlotsa metale ka senke e thehiloe molao-motheo oa phello e sireletsang, eo e laolwang ke ho se tšoane ha tse khonehang motlakase ya ea zinki le tšepe. E le zinki na le bokgoni ba ka tlaase motlakase ya, e tlotsitsoeng ka tšireletso ea sehlabelo tšepe ferrous. E hantle e pepesa tikolohong e le mongobo la ts'enyeho motlakase ya.

Ka ho kena moea oa oxides tšepe ba thehoa ho ba le bophahamo ba modumo a maholo ho feta tšepe pele. The oxide e filimi fetoha hlephileng le fetisa ho e-s'o oxidized tšepe oksijene. Le zinki ka filimi ho kena moea Ho thehoa tšesaane le diseke ee, ha e feta ka oksijene tšepe sireletsa ha feela barbotage empa hape tšepe botlaaseng tlaase.

Types of tlotsa metale ka senke

Tlotsa metale ka senke plating - theknoloji, emelang electrolysis, ke hore, e hlophisitsweng, motlakase ya redox ka electrolyte le tlas'a tšusumetso ea ka ka linako tsohle tsa morao-rao ea motlakase ...

Ka ho hlophisoa ha electrolyte zinki plating e arotsoe mefuta e meraro: acid e, alkali le cyanide.

The mokhoa fetisisa e atisa ho sebelisoa tsa ho sebelisa barbotage zinki ho length of asiti electrolyte, haholo-holo bakeng sa tšepe le tšepe likarolo tse ling tsa phetolo rarahaneng. Products entsoe ka har'a carbon le motsoako steels le zinki barbotage pepesehetse tlase ketsahalo ea embrittlement hydrogen, 'me ponahalo ea khabane ka ho fetisisa e fumaneha, le khabisitsoeng le e le hantle e babatsehang ka ho mefuta e fapaneng mefuta e sa mebala.

tšireletso ea tlatsetso bakeng sa tlotsa metale ka senke

The bohato sireletsang barbotage zinki itšetlehile ka Botenya ba lona, eo ka eona deposition galvanic of 5 microns, le mofuta wa electrolyte ena.

Maemong a mang, le thepa ea ho sireletsa ba barbotage zinki eketsa passivation, phosphating kapa ho penta.

Passivation (chromating) - lik'hemik'hale kalafo ya dihlahiswa ka ditharollo tsa acid e chromic kapa letsoai hoo, ka lebaka la tseo holim thehoa chromate filimi. Tshebetso ena e seng feela ho eketsa thepa ea sireletsang ntseng e tsoela pele ba bangata, ka hobane ka lebaka la sephatsimisi barbotage ntlafatsoa, 'me e ka pentoa ka mebala e fapa-fapaneng.

Ha phosphating (kalafo le asiti phosphoric ka letsoai) galvanized lihlahisoa ka phosphate filimi thehoa holim'a. Mora phosphating ntse a ka sebelisoa pente.

mekhahlelo tlotsa metale ka senke

Production electroplating tlotsa metale ka senke na le dithulaganyo tse 'maloa, e mong le e ba e fediswa ke hlatsoa ka metsi tub kapa ho hlatsoa borashe le mokhoa.

Pele lihlahisoa ka hloko hloekisa ba ratoa ke mafome, tekanyo e, selogetsi theknoloji, setsidifatsi kapa pente litlhaka kahare le degreased ka ditharollo a alkali. Joale e ntan'o ba electrolytic degreasing.

Ka mor'a moo megopolong ka tharollo ea metsi ea acid e hydrochloric oo holim ho qetela e hloekisa ntle le senya holim lera le pickling le hlaha - Tshebediso ya pele ho kopo ya barbotage zinki. Feela ebe hlahisa tlotsa metale ka senke bona.

Ka mor'a moo, haeba ho hlokahala, hlakisa le lihlahisoa ho hloekisoa ea oxide e filimi ka ea metsi nitric acid e tharollo, ebe phosphating, passivation le omisa.

tshebetso eketsehileng ka ho phethwa ka tlotsa metale ka senke lihlahisoa tse sa tšoaneng. Ka mohlala, hlobolisa e unwound pele tlotsa metale ka senke, welded e fela, ka kakaretso ka mor'a oli e ngata le leqeba.

Thepa ya tlotsa metale ka senke

Motlakase mola - le tatelano itseng ea libaka tsa ho tola thulaganyo le rinsing ho sona ba leng mono- kapa multilayer zinki barbotage ka lakatsa thepa tshebetso.

Ka thepa ho hlahisoeng bophahamo ba modumo sebelisoa ka sa tšoaneng likhato tsa mechine. likhoebo kgolo di thehile mela Mechine e le taolo jarolla ka ho iketsa. Ho na le mela e nang le leeme kapa e tletseng taolo pukwanana hammoho le mini-mola.

Tlotsa metale ka senke mola na le, e seng feela ba libaka tsa ho tola le. Ho akarelletsa tsamaiso ea lipalangoang tsa lithulusi tse sa tšoaneng, le thepa e hlokahalang bakeng sa kalafo metsi a likhoerekhoere, thepa ea thusang, e akarelletsang mekhoa ea ho tlotsa metale ka senke, likarolo futhumatsang, le phapanyetsano ea mocheso o matla, e cathode le anode molamu.

The kathoko e akarelletsa tsamaiso ea ventilation, likhabote omisa le thepa refrigeration, thepa filthara, fumana lipompo thepa demivody.

Electrolyte bakeng tlotsa metale ka senke

Ka tlotsa metale ka senke, ho itšetlehile ka ka morero oa ho sehlahiswa e sebelisoa electrolyte, tse arotsoe ka lihlopha tse peli tse khōlō.

Electrolyte oo zinki ke ka mokgwa wa ions e bonolo hydrated, e bitsoang acid e sa rarahanang. Sena fluoboric, sulfate le tharollo chloride.

Rarahaneng kopantswe asiti le alkaline electrolyte na le zinki ions ka rarahaneng ka qoso ntle 'me negative. ammine ena, pyrophosphate, cyanide le tharollo tse ling.

Leo electrolyte e sebelisoa, ho ipapisitse le haholo-holo ka sekhahla deposition, 'me joale e ntan'o ba boleng ba mobung ea zinki ka sehlooho se reng, (ho cathode).

From electrolyte rarahaneng zinki beha ka cathode le ka hasana phahameng tsa ions. Le eketseha hona joale segokanyipalo tšepe decreases ka lihlahisoa le eketsa ka lihlahisoa ya hydrogen.

Ka lebaka leo, tlotsa metale ka senke ka electrolyte rarahaneng a ileng ae etsa ka segokanyipalo tlaase hona joale, 'me barbotage ke phahameng haholo quality, grained e metle' me homogeneous.

Ka length of asiti electrolyte e bonolo galvanic zinki, lapeng ho akarelletsa le, le fetisa ka phahameng segokanyipalo jwale, le bo boholo ho feta ha u sebelisa ditharollo rarahaneng sekhahla. Ponahalo ea dihlahiswa ile a fumana e ntle, empa barbotage hase phahameng haholo boleng le loketse feela tsa dibopeho tse batlang e le tse sa rarahanang sehlahisoa.

tlotsa metale ka senke

Theknoloji thulaganyou e le hlaha ka ho toba ka ho e hlatsoa tlotsa metale ka senke tsa electrolyte. Ho lea ka la boleloa ho tloha dihlahiswa ba batsho tšepe, eo e fepa ka li-electrode khethehileng e morao-rao ea motlakase (sa cathode), le zinki bo hloekileng kapa ka mokgwa wa etsa lipoleiti tsa libolo tletse ka likarolo khethehileng letlooeng (anode).

Nakong ea motlakase ya itsoara joang ka tlas'a tšusumetso ea motlakase hona joale segokanyipalo 1 to 5 A / e dm zinki qhalwa ho ya ka electrolyte, ebe ions lona li beha ka cathode ea ho theha e plating botenya ba 4-25 microns.

Ke hore, ho sebelisa mokhoa ona e fumanweng fasteners (tsekema le linate) le junifomo le benyang barbotage.

Km gana mocheng oa ho tlotsa metale ka senke

Morao-rao tlotsa metale ka senke mola - ke mola km gana ka botlalo, e leng etsa mehato kaofela barbotage, ho akarelletsa le tjheseletsa le degreasing tsa lihlahisoa tsa boleng ba mesebetsi e fapaneng le phetolo.

mola jarolla ka ho iketsa ka kakaretso na le sete ya libaka tsa ho tola theknoloji plating, modular rectifiers, play / unloading lephephe, thepa lipalangoang, Helmets bakeng sa ventilation, phepelo ea metsi le ho tebelwa mosebetsing ea likhoerekhoere, tšepe foreime le tokiso lere.

Electroplating libaka tsa ho tola ka entsoe ka tšepe glassware, tšepe, lined le dipolasetiki kapa rabara. Morao-rao ea bate, welded ho tswa polymers lakane ba ka ho eketsehileng ho tlosa makotikoti tšepe. Selection libaka tsa ho tola tse bonahalang itšetlehile ka sebopeho le mahloriso tsa electrolyte le mocheso ho sebetsa.

Lipuisanong phepelo ea metsi le tsamaiso ea sewerage, 'me maemong a mangata ho lokeng tlasa libaka tsa ho tola ventilation le ile a boela a tloha polypropylene.

Litekanyo tsa mohala e behilweng ke le matla a le litekanyo tsa libaka tsa ho tola galvanic.

Tlotsa metale ka senke etsahala le sebopeho sa metsi a litšila le ea mahloriso tse phahameng tsa ions morethetho o boima. Ka hona, ba buellang, e tlhotliloeng, koalloa, ho sebelisa lik'hemik'hale mouoane deposition, le dithulaganyo tse ling sorption ka lik'hontheinara entsoe ka polymers boenjiniere.

Zinki electroplating lapeng

Tlotsa metale ka senke, ya hlahiswa ka matsoho a bona, ho qala ka tlhopho ya thepa. The electrolyte ka 'na ba le tharollo ya chloride zinki le asiti hydrochloric ka metsi distilled. Sena seo ho thoeng ke kulo acid e, e leng e hangata ka ho fetisisa sebelisoa ka lapeng. Mesebetsi ea matsoho megopolong zinki ka acid e sulfuric le leshala lokisetsa ZnSO ₄ electrolyte, empa mokhoa ona o kotsi, hobane ba itšoara joang hlahisa mocheso le hydrogen phatloha. The electrolyte tabeng leha e le efe ea lokela ho ba precipitate tsa kristale insoluble letsoai.

E hloekileng zinki ka rekoa ka lebenkeleng la reagents lik'hemik'hale kapa seea-le-ya, 'me e ka fumaneha libeteri letsoai kapa fuses, a sireletsa ho tloha Soviet Union.

Galvanic hlapa ka khalase kapa setshelo polasetiki. Le se emelang ho seta anode le cathode. The anode - poleiti zinki, eo e amana tswa phepelo matla "garena". Le ho feta ka anode, le junifomo eketsehileng ka barbotage ka sehlahiswa cathode eo e sebelisoa barbotage sireletsang. The anode ka 'na ba e nyenyane, ba ho beha pota cathode le hōjana e tšoanang ho holim' a zinki a tlotsitsoeng ho lumellanang le ho ka nako ka mahlakoreng 'ohle. Ho cathode e amana "ho tloswa" matla a tsoang mohloling.

Esita le ha lapeng entse tlotsa metale ka senke plating thekenoloji hakaalo kenyeletsa ka ho phethahetseng ho hloekisa le degreasing ea likarolo, hammoho le Tshebediso ya lona ka tharollo e acid e.

Matla Phepelo - ena ke leshala koloi ka litleloubu lebone la matla a tlaase kapa moreki tse ling ka balebeli ba potoloho ho hona joale ka oa potoloho e ne e le ka tlase kapa phepelo matla le gagamalo ka nako eohle ke khumo ea. The ntho e ka sehloohong ke hore ha ho na e belang e potlakileng ea electrolyte nakong tlotsa metale ka senke ena.

Ha e le hantle tlotsa metale ka senke le hlaha ha anode le cathode ba lea ka la boleloa ka electrolyte le potoloho ea motlakase e koaloa. The nako e telele tshebetso, ho motenya ho zinki lera a fumana ka sehlahiswa.

Ka tlotsa metale ka senke barbotage sireletsang ka sehlahiswa fetoha nepahetseng, junifomo le boreleli, le le phello e le khabisitsoeng le. E e sebediswa ka bobeli ho indasteri le lapeng, ho sa tsotellehe 'nete ea hore ho nka metsi a likhoerekhoere ho tloha litšila tikoloho kotsi.