Brazil: lirafshoa. Le liminerale le Industry Brazil

Brazil - naha kholo ka ho fetisisa ka Latin America, eo nka ho fihlela hoo e ka bang halofo ea k'honthinente ea Amerika Boroa. Ka bochabela le ka leboea ka Leoatleng la Atlantic. Brazil, lirafshoa le maemo hore ho fapane - e leng naha e ntle bakeng sa ho lema le ho phela ea baahi.

tlisang liphallelo

Karolong e ka leboea ea naha ena ke Amazonian mabalane. Ho butle-butle e ba pota-potiloe ke mafika a moepa phethola lithoteng tsa Guiana Highlands. Hoo e batlang e tsohle tsa sebakeng seo tse setseng tsa naha e lula e sehlabeng Brazil, ea bochaba ho ea ka leboea-bochabela le boroa le steeply ka thota e lebōpong la leoatle la Atlantic. Ka bophirimela ea orilla barrel le tse fapaneng Atlantic sebakeng otlolla lebanta monoklinarno-sebopeho le sebopeho sa lithoteng tsa; ho ea ka leboea le bohareng e laoloa ke lithoteng socle le lihlaba, patiwa le sehlabeng.

boemo ba leholimo

Brazil e tšoauoa ka sa boemo ba leholimo a chesang. lirafshoa tse haholo-holo ka ntlha ya go maemo a klimate. The khoeli karolelano mocheso ranges ho tloha ho likhato tse 16 ho ea ho 29, 'me feela ka tse fapaneng phahameng ka bochabela khoneha leqhoa. Leha ho le joalo, bakeng sa naha e tšoauoa ka mefuta e fapaneng ya boemo ba leholimo 'me pula ea bohatelli.

metsi ka hare ho naha

Ho bua ka makgetha a ho ea tlhaho ea Brazil, re lokela ho hlokomela e le letšo-letšo haholo noka marangrang. Amazon oona tsamaisong nosetsa kaofela Amazon sebakeng, o ka leboea Brazil le ka boroa ho Guiana Highlands. Karolong e ka boroa ea Highlands Brazil nosetsoang tsamaiso ea tsa linōka Parana le Uruguay, ka bophirimela - nōka Paraguay, bochabela - nōka San Francisco. Tsena, feela Amazon le ka bophirimela le e ka bochabela lona melatswana selemo ho pota tletse metsi.

Bakeng sa linoka tsa Brazil Highlands e tšoauoa ka liphetoho tse khōlō ka metsi a phallang le meroallo. mothapo metsi sehlabeng na mehloli e khōlō ea mwinda Leha ho le joalo, hangata likepe feela holim'a libaka tse khutšoanyane.

Limela 'me mobu

Naheng e 'ngoe e busoa ke meru ka lateritic (ferralitnyh) mobu e khubelu. sebaka sa pele mehloli ea lefatše ea lehong le thata o Brazil. lirafshoa karolong e ka bophirimela ea Amazon hlahiswa ke lulang se le setala o teteaneng mongobo merung tikolohong ea equator, le lifate tsa bohlokoa (tse fetang 4 likete mefuta e), tlas'a e leng lateritic mobu podzolic.

Ka maralla hore rera ho ea Brazil le Guiana lihlabeng, jala ka lebaka la boemo ba leholimo deciduous le lulang se le setala meru omileng, podzoleniya thulaganyou e mobung e sa tsitsang le ba fokolang. Tšoanang mefuta ya limela le mobu, e kentse altitudinal libaka tse bath ya windward e, ka bochabela, 'me mekoloko phahameng le maralla ya Brazil Highlands. Matsoapo bophirimela haholo tšoauoa meru metsi ka linako tse itseng. Center sehlabeng lula lesabasaba ka mobu o mofubelu lateritic, ho atileng ka ho fetisisa melkoderevnye shrubby sabana. Located hammoho linoka la gallery merung, moo e ntse e hōla ea bohlokoa carnauba boka palema. Ka leboea-bochabela sehlabeng phathahane seka-ea lehoatata sparse entsoeng ka lihlahla succulent le Xerophytic le lifate tsa mobu o mofubelu-sootho le bo bofubelu-sootho. Bakeng sa boroa ho lumellanang mongobo tšoauoa ka lulang se le setala bile ba kopanya meru deciduous tsa Brazil conifer Araucaria. Ka mabalane jala bezderevnye grassy lesabasaba ka e khubelu-ba batsho sebaka.

lefatše phoofolo

A mefuta e fapaneng e khōlō ea liphoofolo ka ngotsoe ke mefuta-futa ea lintho tse phelang tikolohong le boholo e khōlō ea sebaka seo ho lula Brazil. Tlhahlobo ea liphoofolo ka mehloli e fapaneng e fapaneng, hobane esita le taxonomists ka linako tse ling sa lumellane ka tlhophiso ea liphoofolo tse phelang naheng eo. Punctually tsejoa mefuta e ncha, ka nako e tšoanang e le batho ba bang ba, ka bomalimabe, shoa ka ntle.

Ea linaha tsohle Brazil tšoauoa ka ho fetisisa chelete e litsoene mefuta (ka 77 a mi) le litlhapi metsi a hloekileng (tse fetang 3 likete tse). Ho ea ka palo ea sehahabi naheng palo ea bobeli lefatšeng ka palo ea mefuta e nonyana - ea boraro, palo ea mefuta e meng ea lihahabi - ea bohlano. Liphoofolo tse ngata tse kotsing ea ho fela, haholo-holo ba phelang ka lintho tse phelang tikolohong eo hona joale a timetsoa ka tekanyo e khōlō, tse kang ho Atlantic Forest.

moruo Brazil

Ka lebaka la boemo bo phahameng ba tsoelo-pele ea indasteri le liindasteri le meepo, temo, mokga wa ditshebeletso le palo e khōlō ea baahi ba sebetsa ka ho ya ka gdP, Brazil le lintho tse ngata esale pele linaheng tse ling tsohle Latin American. Hona joale, o ile a ka ho eketsehileng atolosa ho ba teng ha ka limmaraka tsa lefatše. Ka sehloohong ke diyantle lihlahisoa - kofi, lifofane, likoloi, tšepe manya, linaoa, tšepe, lero la lamunu, lieta, masela, tsoekere, thepa ea motlakase.

moruo Brazil ke sa tšoaneng haholo 'me o na le diphapano bohlokoa pakeng tsa libaka tse. Ka menyetla ea ho etsa khoebo ea motse li fapane haholo ho ba bang. Leha moruo pusong ea e haholo ntshetswa pele, bohlokoa mathata ntshetsopeleng ntse ke mathata a atile bofutsana, se tsebe ho bala le ho bola.

Brazil mehlodi ya Useful

Naha e hlahisa mefuta e fetang mashome a mane oa liminerale. Bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa ke a mankanese le manya a tšepe. Ho joalo, selemo hlahisa lithane tse fetang limilione tse makholo a mabeli tsa manya a tšepe, eo hoo e ka bang karolo ea 80 lekholong e romeloa linaheng tse ling. boemo Bauxite ke e 'ngoe ea libaka la pele lefatšeng. Liminerale Brazil hlahisoa e mobung koporo, zinki, nikele tse sebediswa bakeng sa 'marakeng ruuoang. Naheng ena ho na mosolotogamaano mofani wa thepa ya lihlahisoa tse tala: niobium, tungsten, Mica, zirconium. Ho se ho hlokahala selemo le selemo bakeng sa oli e boima ba lithane tse limilione tse 75, ha feela halofo feela, kahoo Brazil e tlameha ho kenya eona. Amazon ka 1970s le. fumana mehloli e khōlō ea khauta, Now tlhahiso ea lona e ka 80 tonnes ka selemo. mobung mashala ba boetse ba ile a fumana, empa e le boitsebiso bo tala tsa boleng bo tlaase, selemo sa tlhahiso ea lona e ka bang limilione tse 5 boima ba lithane tse.

indasteri

Ka ho fetisisa tse tsoetseng pele indastering ea Brazil e concentrated karolong e ka boroa-bochabela le boroa tsa naha. Sebakeng se futsanehileng ka ho fetisisa e nkoa e le e ka leboea-bochabela, empa hona joale o se a qala ho hohela dipeeletso. dinaheng Latin American Brazil ke ho fetisisa tsoetseng pele liindastering mokga, molao le mong karolo ea boraro ea gdP. mmuso o hlahisa mefuta e fapaneng ya dihlahiswa, ho tloha tšepe, likoloi le oli ho lifofane, lik'homphieutha, 'me thepa ea moreki.

Fetang kotara ea gdP koahela indastering ea ho etsa thepa ka Brazil. The liindasteri ka sehloohong - oli hloekisoa le tlhahiso ea lik'hemik'hale. Ka mor'a hore United States of America ke mohlahisi kholo ka ho fetisisa tsa bioethanol, eo e fana ka karolo ea 30 lekholong ea ho se ho hlokahala mafura. Bakeng sa refueling likoloi Brazil, ethanol e sebelisoa e le ka mokgwa wa e hloekileng kapa tsoakane le peterole. Boitsebiso e tala bakeng sa tlhahiso ea lona sebetsang sebakeng sa hae e le 'moba. lik'hamphani Brazil selemo le selemo ho hlahisa ethanol ka ka tjhelete e ya etsang dilitara tse limilione tse likete 16-20.

Selemo le selemo, batho ba fetang limilione tse 1,5 likoloi hlahiswa naheng eo. The bahlahisi ka sehloohong - khampani "Mercedes-Benz", "Scania", "volkswagen".

Ofisi ea lekala e ka sehloohong ea indasteri khanya - dilohwa. Brazil ke 6-7 ka tlhahiso ea lihlahisoa Textile lefatšeng. About karolo ea 80 lekholong ea k'hothone e imported tsoang linaheng tse ling, ka lebaka la ho boleng tlaase ea thepa ea Brazil e tala.

Hape, tsoelo-pele ea indasteri e seeta - ka dimela tse fetang 4 sekete bakeng sa tlhahiso ea lieta.

Qetellong

Har'a dinaheng Latin American, le monyetla oa phahameng ka ho fetisisa a moruo, ha ho pelaelo hore, e na le Brazil. The lirafshoa tsa naha ena e fana ka menyetla e khōlō bakeng sa ho hōla. Leha ho le joalo, e le leha ho le joalo naha e tšoauoa ka khethollo ea e khōlō ka meputso le phapang e khōlō boemong ba tsoelo-pele ea libaka tse ka bophirimela le ka bochabela.