Bolela de Khao Carcassonne: Boitsebiso bo eketsehileng bo, tlhaloso, histori le lintlha tse thahasellisang

Carcassonne qhobosheane - e meralo le libini tsa mehaho, tse ngata tsa tsona intša morao ho nako mehleng e bohareng, ka ha e le hantle citadel. E leng motseng oa lebitso tšoanang, ka sebakeng sa Fora kajeno, a le sebakeng sa Occitania, ka lefapha la Aude. Ka tloaelo, ena qhobosheane mehleng e bohareng e bitswang Bolela. excursions fetisisa ka Boroa ea Fora ho kenyeletsa ka lenaneo bona a etetse meralo le sefika sena e thahasellisang ka ho fetisisa le histori ea ruileng.

Qhobosheane ea Carcassonne (France): tlhaloso tsa toropo le Fana ka sebaka

Sena fortification e ne e hahoa ka lehlakoreng le letona lebōpong la Nōka Aude. qhobosheane ho e teng leralleng le ho ea ka boroa-bochabela ea morao-rao setsi sa motse oa Carcassonne. Toropong ka boeona e nako e telele e neng e tšoaretsoe ka ntle mosolotogamaano maemo a, ho laola sebaka naha pakeng tsa Pyrenees le Montagne Noire, 'me tsela e tsoang Leoatleng la Mediterranean ho Leoatle la Atlantic. Leralleng leo qhobosheane ke sehlabeng limithara tse lekholo le mashome a mahlano. Sebaka sa motse ka kakaretso 65 lisekoere km, hole fetelletseng boholo ba tse ling tsohle tsa metsana Aude provense.

protohistory

Qhobosheane ea Carcassonne (France) o ne a tsejoa ka nako ya lintoa Gallo-Roma. Batho ba ne ba lula maralleng ana ho tloha mehleng ea khale. Macelt a ile a haha fedisa, tse tsejoang ho tloha ea botšelela lekholong la lilemo la BC. Joale, ka 125 BC. e., ka sebakeng sa ho Baroma ba tla 'me e thehiloe sebakeng sena kampong e etselitsoeng liqhobosheane (castrum Julia moralo wa). Hamorao, o ne a li akarelletsa profinseng ea Narbonne Gaul. Liahelong e ile ea rehoa Karkasum me butle-butle le amohelwang lohle ikemetseng litokelo le menyetla e. Hobane o ile a qala ho bitsoa "shite" - qhobosheane, le nang le sehlooho sa motse. Ba bang ba litora 'me marako a, e leng ka bonoa sa Carcassonne ea kajeno, a boloke mesaletsa ea majoe Gallo-Roma. Mora a khoehla ka Muso o Moholo, qhobosheane e 'ngoe ea liqhobosheane tsa' muso Visigoth. Ba haha marako a bona ka metheo ea Roma. Ho phaella moo, Visigoth Theodoric hlahlama moemphera o ile a laela kaho ea Basilica ea. Ka 725, ho Saracens hapa Carcassonne. Legends ka nako ena e kenyeletsa ponahalo ea lebitso toropong ke ho nako eo. Aniwa, ha citadel thibella Karl Veliky, mosali oa ka Saracen morena, mofumahali e mong masapo, mano a qobelloa hore a tlohe. Ha e le hantle, puso ea Maarabia e ile ea nka feela ho fihlela 759, ha ba ile ba lelekoa ho tsoa linaheng tsena Pepin ho Short.

Mehleng e bohareng

Ho tloha qetellong ea qhobosheaneng borobeli la lilemo ea Carcassonne le litho tsa Carolingian. Empa kaha ba ne ba tlameha ho bolela leha e le kapa bokhoni ba ho laola motse ka booona, ho ena le hoo ba ile ba qala ho etsa ka dikerafo. Empa ba ne ba borra tsohle e metle, hore se le eena o susumetsoa ntshetsopele ya matlotlo a bona. Empa ha lekholong la leshome le motso, Carcassonne ile ruilweng ke e matla Vikontov Trenkaveley peiso ka lenyalo le mojalefa ho kerafo qetela, motse e fetohile. Ho na le qhobosheane e ile ea hahoa, 'me e ile a helehang Matlafatsa nchafalitsoeng. Ba pota-potiloe ka lesale citadel. Ha bobusi ba Trencavel motse fihla ntshetsopeleng lona tsa lipolotiki le setso. Viscounts ne vassals tsa Count la Toulouse le morena oa Barcelona.

The mahlo-mafubelu ea Cathars

Toropong e etselitsoeng liqhobosheane ea Carcassonne tsebahala ka karolo eo ae phethang ho thoeng Albigensian ntoa ea bolumeli. babusi ba oona ba ne ba mamella ea bafetoheli ea Bokreste ea nako eo, e leng ea Roma e K'hatholike e bitsoang mokhelohi Cathars. Trencavel ba fa tlhompho, 'me o ile a hana ho nehelana ka bona ho Masole a bolumeli. Ka August 1209 lebotho akambama ke bopapa legate Arnaud-Amaury motsea laola motse. Raymond-Rozhe Trenkavel, o ile a ea buisana le besiegers, o ne a hapa ebe ho bonahala eka chefo. New viscount ile a phatlalatsa moeta-pele oa ntoa ea bolumeli ea, Simone de Khao Montfort. baahi bohle ba ile ba lelekoa motseng ka tšoanang lihempe wearable.

Mehleng ea French taolo le Lekhotla le Otlang Bakhelohi

Ha masole a bolumeli a hapa Carcassonne, qhobosheane ile ea e-ba karolo e nyenyane hapa Occitania. Simon De Montfort e matlafalitse hae. Ka bolela ba ile ba lumelloa ho lula a entse selekane le sona feela le tšepahala ho matona a hae le bahoebi. baahi bohle ba bang ba motse ba ne ba e hahiloeng ka haufi le. Ha e le hantle, matsatsing ao, Carcassonne matlafatsa ha mererong ya tshireletso khahlanong le lira tsa ka ntle, empa ho thibela merusu oksitantsev. Ka forties ea lekholo la sometharo, mora oa Raymond-Roger o ne a leka ho nka motse oo ke sefefo, empa ha aa ka a atleha, 'me o ne a tlameha ho baleha ho' muso oa Aragon. Ka 1247 qhobosheane tlile tlas'a taolo French. Ka mor'a ho thehoa ha Lekhotla le Otlang Bakhelohi ka Occitania motse-ba e mong oa outposts tsa mapolesa tse ncha tsa bolumeli. Mona ho na le chankana e khethehileng bakeng sa bakhelohi - Moore. Ho fihlela joale, masupatsela e bontša seo ho thoeng ke Tora ea Lekhotla le Otlang Bakhelohi. From ena ho ne ho totobetse sebakeng se moo bakhelohi ba ne ba chesoa ka thupeng ka mabōpong a Nōka Aude.

lilemo tse latelang. Ho tsosolosoa ha libini le

Ka bohareng ba bo sometharo lekholong la lilemo la qhobosheane ea Carcassonne ea e-ba moeli o pakeng tsa Fora le Aragon. O ile a ile a keneha hore nakong ea Lilemong Tse Lekholo Tse Ntoa, masole a Brithani ba sa khona ho e nka ke sefefo. Sitoa ena lebotho la Huguenots nakong likhohlano ba bolumeli ba lekholong la botshelela. Empa ka mor'a 1659, ha e le naha eohle ea profinseng ea Roussillon ile ruilweng ke Fora, le moeli oa ba ile ba fallela ho ea ka bophirimela, le boleng ba Carcassonne haholo fokotseha. Liqhobosheane ne lahloa kherehloa. E oela ka lokisoeng le motse oa Carcassonne. Qhobosheane eo e nakong ea Napoleon o ne a e ka toka pathetic. 'muso esita le etsa qeto ea ho heletsoe eona. Empa mongoli ea tummeng oa atleha Mérimée ile a etella pele ba sebele letšolo la setjhaba ho boloka lefa la mehleng e bohareng. Nakoana ka mor'a ho qala ho ha ho tsosolosoa ha sefika ea histori, e neng e e eteletsoeng pele ke le setsebi sa ho fetisisa tummeng ka mehaho ea boholo-holo ka nako eo ka Viollet-le-Duc.

Joang Bolela morao-rao

Leha mosebetsi ka ho tsosolosoa ha toropong khale a fana ka oona ka ponahalo ea hae ha tšeptjoang haholo, mosebetsi ona o ile oa nkoa e le ntho e nang le tsusumetso e. Joale Carcassonne qhobosheane le libini tsa lona meralo le ho tloha 1997. karolo ea UNESCO World List Heritage. Ka tsamaiso ea liemahale tsohle tsa histori li aroleloa beng fapaneng. Mabota, qhobosheane count ya o, litora le liqhobosheane ke thepa ya mmuso. Di classified e le liemahale tsa bohlokwa ea sechaba. Le ba bang kaofela ea tšimo ke ea 'masepala ea bolela. Moqotetsane mehleng e bohareng literateng, dikwere le lireschorente stylized mehleng e bohareng teleng toropo e khethehileng sekgatlhi.

maeto ka sehloohong

Carcassonne qhobosheane pota-potiloe ke lebanta habeli tsa mabota. palo yohle bolelele bona tse ka bang tse tharo km. Ka marako 53 litora le barbacans e le hore ho sireletsa motse ho tloha thibella dienjini. Ho phaella ho maeto tsena tse khōlō li Fana ka Count o Castle le Cathedral of Bahalaleli Nazarius le Celsius. Pele le ka sehloohong monyako ho qhobosheaneng, ka pel'a liheke tsa Narbonne u ka bona ka bas Ladies foreime. Kaho ea kereke e khōlō ea e arotsoe likarolo tse peli - e Romanesque le Gothic. The bokantle ea kereke e khabisitsoeng ka gargoyles le pinnacles. Ka kerekeng ho na le boetse ho na le sa khale silafalitsoeng khalase lifensetere. Har'a tombstones thahasella ke lejoeng ho tlotla Simon de Khao Montfort. qhobosheane eo ho thoeng ke Count o ea lekholo la leshome le motso, e ile ea e musiamo ba lintho tse epolotsoeng. Ho phaella moo, libakeng tsa citadel ho na le pontšo e nehetsoeng Lekhotla le Otlang Bakhelohi, eo e bua ka histori ea pitso le liletsa bontšitse ea tlhokofatso.

Carcassonne (qhobosheane): ulasan pelanggan

Bahahlauli ba ile ba etela mona, bolele sena libini mehleng e bohareng e le sebakeng se e ikhethang ka ho fetisisa historing ea boholo-holo le bahale. O motle, "maneha" le ka ho feletseng ya kolobetsang ka motsamai ba boholo-holo, joalokaha eka ba etsa ketsahalo e mengata. E ka hlahloba le lebetse, le leng le le dintlha. City ne ho bonahala eka li nyamela ka litšoantšo mehleng e bohareng. Ha ho makatse hore ebe ho na le ne a filimelwa lifilimi tse ngata tsa histori. Ho tswa ho marako a sokelang la qhobosheane le phefumoloheng matla le bonatla. 'Me sena ke mohaho o tsotehang pota-potiloe ke ho na naha e tlase bohehang.