Beta-agonists: tlhaloso, bohato lethathamo la lithethefatsi

E mong le e lithethefatsi e bua ka tse ling tsa sehlopha diokobatsi. Sena se bolela hore ba bang ba lithethefatsi ba na le mochine o tšoanang oa ho ketso, ho bonahala le litla-morao. Se seng sa lihlopha tse khōlō meriana - ena ke agonists beta-adrenergic. lithethefatsi tsena li ka ba hohle sebediswa ea ho phekola ba pathologies matšoafo le pelo le methapo.

Se In-agonists?

Beta-agonists - sehlopha a maqheka tsa bongaka tse sebelisoang ka ho phekola mafu a sa tšoaneng. 'Meleng, ba tlama ho receptors itseng sebakeng sa mesifa le boreleli la bronchi, popelo, pelo le vascular lisele. sebelisana joalo o baka tlhotlheletso ea lisele tsa beta. Ka lebaka la ho Tshebediso ya ya dithulaganyo tse fapa-fapaneng ea bohloeki. Holim 'a tlama tsa B-agonists ho receptors di hlohleletsago tlhahiso ea mahlahana a likokoana-hloko, ho tšoana le dopamine le adrenaline. lebitso le leng la metsoako tsena - beta-agonists. Major litla lona - matsapa ea ho otla ha pelo, e ile ea eketseha khatello ea mali le ho ntlafatsa bronchial conductivity.

Beta-agonists: khato 'meleng

Beta-agonists ba arotsoe ka V1- le B2-adrenergic agonists. Receptors bakeng sa dintho tsena di ka litho tsa ka hare. Holim 'a tlama ho bona beta-agonists lebisa ho Tshebediso ya ya dithulaganyo tse ngata' meleng. Ho na le liphello tse latelang tsa B-agonists:

1. Eketseha cardiac automaticity le ntlafatso conductivity.
2. E ile ea eketseha ho otla ha pelo.
3. Matsapa tsa lipolysis. Ka tšebeliso, B1-agonists hlaha ka mali mahala acid tse mafura tse lihlahisoa tsa disintegration ea triglycerides.
4. Eketseha khatello ea mali. e le hantle sena ke ka lebaka la ho hlasimolla ea renin-angiotensin-aldosterone tsamaiso e khopo (RAAS).

Ho liphetoho tsena tse boletsoeng ka 'meleng o etella ho tlama ea agonists B1 receptors. Ba leng teng ka mesifa pelo, methapo ea mali, adipose dinama tse nyenyane tse le sethusathuto juxtaglomerular lisele tse liphio.

receptors B2 ba sebakeng sa bronchi, popelo, ya marapo mesifa, tsamaiso ea methapo e bohareng. Ho phaella moo, ba lijana pelo le mali. Beta-2-agonists bakela liphello tse latelang:

1. Ntlafatso ea conductivity bronchial. e le hantle sena ke ka lebaka la ho ikhatholla a mesifa boreleli.
2. Matsapa tsa glycogenolysis ka mesifa ena. Ka lebaka la mesifa ya marapo ka lebelo le ho feta tsa fokotswa.
3. The boikhathollo tsa myometrium ena.
4. Matsapa glycogenolysis liseleng sebete. Sena se etsa hore e eketsehileng maling tsoekere.
5. E ile ea eketseha ho otla ha pelo.

lithethefatsi life sehlopha sa B-agonists?

Lingaka tse hangata e hlalosang ho beta-agonists. Lithethefatsi bao e leng sehlopha sena diokobatsi, arotsoe ka meriana khutšoanyane 'me potlako ho nka bohato. Ho phaella moo, lithethefatsi tse ka thōko feela ba le phello e khetha ka makala itseng. Meriana e meng e sebetsa ka ho toba ka V1- le
v2-receptors. The meriana o tsebahalang haholo ke ho tswa ho sehlopha sa beta-agonists ke lithethefatsi "Salbutamol", "fenoterol", "Dopamine". The agonists sebediswa ea ho phekola mafu a methapo le cardiac. Hape tse ling tsa tsona li sebelisoa dipehelo tsa tlhokomelo ea matla unit trust (lithethefatsi "Dobutamine"). lithethefatsi tlase atile sehlopha sena li sebelisoa ka go ikatisetsa gynecological.

Classification tsa beta-agonists: mefuta e sa tsoaneng tsa meriana

Beta-agonists - sehlopha sena diokobatsi, e kenyeletsang palo e khōlō ea meriana. Ka lebaka leo, ba ile ba ba aroloa ka lihlopha tse 'maloa. Classification B-agonists kenyeletsa:

1. Bao e seng khetha beta-adrenergic agonists. sehlopha sena se akarelletsa ho sebelisa lithethefatsi "ortsiprenalina" le "Isoprenaline".
2. Khetha B1-agonists. Ba li sebelisoa cardiology le tlhokomelo liseleng matla. Baemeli ba sehlopha sena ba lithethefatsi ba "Dobutamine" le "Dopamine".
3. Khetha beta-2-agonists. sehlopha sena se akarelletsa meriana sebediswa bakeng sa mafu a ea tsamaiso ea ho hema. Ka lehlakoreng le leng, khetha B2 agonist arotsoe ka lithethefatsi 'short-a sebetsa ho,' me lithethefatsi ba nang le nako e telele e le hantle ka ho sa feleng. Sehlopha sa pele se akarelletsa meriana "fenoterol", "terbutaline" "Salbutamol" le "hexoprenaline". Long-itšoarang ka lithethefatsi - ka lithethefatsi "Formoterol", "Salmeterol" le "indacaterol."

Ho bonahala In-agonists

Bontšang bakeng sa tshebediso ya B-agonists itšetlehile ka mofuta oa lithethefatsi. Beta-agonists ke bohato bao e seng khetha e hona joale hang sebediswa. Pejana ho moo, ba ile ba sebelisoa ho alafa mefuta e itseng ea arrhythmias, a ntseng a mpefala cardiac conduction, bronchial asma. Hona joale lingaka khetha ho ho laela khetha B-agonists. Molemo oa bona ke hore ba na le liphello tse ka tlaase lehlakoreng. Ho phaella moo, lithethefatsi khetha ho le bonolo ho sebelisa, e le feela ama litho tsa ka hare tse ling.

Ho bonahala ho B1-agonists reretsoe:

1. Hlobaetsang pelo ho hloleha.
2. The makala tsa etiology efe kapa efe.
3. Putlama.
4. Decompensated pelo likoli.
5. Seoelo - ischemic lefu la pelo isa tekanyong e tebileng.

B2-agonists tsamaisoa ka asma bronchial, sa foleng obstructive lefu methapo. Maemong a mangata, lithethefatsi tsena li ka sebelisoang ka mokgwa wa aerosols. Ka linako tse ling litlhare "fenoterol" le sebelisitsoe ka ikwetlisetse gynecological ho fokotsa mosebetsi o boima, 'me ho thibela senyeheloa. Tabeng ena, ho sebelisa lithethefatsi ho e laolwa entoe.

Maemong a mang, B-agonists ba contraindicated?

E lokela ho a hopola hore sehlopha lithethefatsi A beta-agonists na a 'maloa a contraindications le litla-morao. Sena ke 'nete haholo-holo ka agonists bao e seng khetha. Ditlamorao tsa ea lithethefatsi tsena - .. Na ntshetsopele ya hyperglycemia, leoto thothomela hohle, mafu a morethetho pelo, bohareng tsamaiso ea methapo nyakallo, joalo-joalo Beta-1 agonists ke matla lithethefatsi, kahoo ba o ile a sebelisa feela maemo a ho hloka potlakile. Di contraindicated ka bakuli ba histori ea bolwetse joalo: arrhythmia ventricular, subaortic stenosis, pheochromocytoma. Hape, ba ile ba e ke ke ya sebediswa ka tamponade cardiac.

B2-agonists ba contraindicated maemong a latelang:

1. Mamellane ho beta-agonists.
2. Boimana thatafatsoa ke tsoa mali, placental abruption, sokeloa senyeheloa.
3. Bana ba ka tlaase a le lilemo li 2.
4. dithulaganyo hlabang ka myocardium, cardiac arrhythmias.
5. Lefu la tsoekere mellitus.
6. Aortic stenosis.
7. Kgatelelo ya madi.
8. Hlobaetsang pelo ho hloleha.
9. Thyrotoxicosis.

Moriana o "Salbutamol": litaelo tsa tšebeliso

Lithethefatsi "Salbutamol" e bolela B2-agonists ea nkang khato e khutšoanyane. E sebelisitsoeng ka eona ka lefu la obstruction bronchial. Hangata ka ho fetisisa sebelisoa ka aerosols tsa tekanyetso 1-2 (0.1-0.2, mg). Bana ba khetha ho etsa inhalation dessyecik nebulizer ka. Ho na le boetse ho na le Letlapa foromo ya moriana. The litekanyetso li behoa bakeng sa batho ba baholo ke 6-16 mg, ka ho ya ka letsatsi.

"Salbutamol": theko ea lithethefatsi

Lithethefatsi sebelisoa e le monotherapy ka asma bonolo. Ha mokuli a e na ka tsela e itekanetseng kapa ho matla sethaleng sa lefu lena, nako e telele lithethefatsi sebelisoa (beta-agonists telele-tshwere). Ba ke phekolo motheo ea asma bronchial. ho sebelisa lithethefatsi "Salbutamol" bakeng sa lenaneo la liphallelo o potlakang la litlhaselo tsa breathlessness. Theko ea lithethefatsi e ho tswa ho li-ruble tse 50 ho 160 ho itšetlehile ka moetsi le lethal dose tse vial ena.