Antiglobalism - le ... Antiglobalism: tlhaloso, histori ea mokhatlo oo

Anti-globalization - ka mokhatlo oa ea sechaba hore hlaha mathoasong a lilemo tsa bo-XXI le laela khahlanong le mocha o-seatla se bulehileng globalization, e thehiloeng ho kgothaletsa limmaraka mahala le kgwebo ya bolokolohi.

globalization ke eng?

A sehlooho tloaelehile hore batho ba hōlisitsoe ke theorists phalla Giddens, Castells le Harvey, ke khopolo ea hore theknoloji ea kajeno, e kang lik'homphieutha, potlakisa ntshetsopele ya likamano tsa sechaba le ho ba tenyetsehang ho feta. Histori ea sechaba ea kajeno - ke pale ea globalization le theknoloji ho tsamaisa matsapa (ya data, motse-moholo, thepa, batho ba) ea entseng lefatše sebakeng se senyenyane. Technology, fokotsa libaka ka tsela e atlehileng haholoanyane kena dipakeng tsa ho likamano tsa sechaba. Tsoela pele e ile ea etsa hore ho arohana lona ho tswa ho microcyteme tlhahisoleseding, hobane sekhahla sa eona sa boikatiso hōla ka potlako ho feta lebelo la motsamao oa lihloliloeng. Lipalangoang le puisano theknoloji e (ka terene, Telegraph, seea-le-, koloi, thelevishene, lifofane, ditsitithale puisano le marangrang ya khomphuta ya hao theknoloji e) e ile ea eketseha sekhahla motse-moholo oa thepa, lijo le litaba. Lefatše e se e le lefatše le puisano e marangrang, tse di amang ka likarolong tsohle tsa sechaba. Information kajeno e sa amanang le sebakeng se itseng: ho ke ke feela sebopeho sa naha, 'me ha hoa itšetleha ka sebaka sa. Phahameng Tech kgothaletsa delocalization ea puisano ka ho ya ka sebaka se selelele tlhaloganya sebaka le ya ntango.

Ke mofuta o ka sehloohong oa globalization neoliberal. Ho latela bahlahlobisisi, ho o ikemiseditse ho bōpa motheo oa moruo le hore a ka ntlafatsa phaello ke fokotsa ditjeo dipeeletso, fokotswa boiketlo le individualism thutong. Le qaleha ea mocha o-liberalism sechabeng sa ka ho eketsehileng le laoloa ke mabaka a moruo - sea utloahala kapa che thepa le ho bokella motse-moholo oa lichelete.

Khahlanong globalization sebeletsa se nepahetseng le se balwanedi letšehali-lepheo.

Le letona-ba khahlanong le globalization: bakang lona le liponahatso

lihlopha hole-nepahetseng joalo e le British National Party, National Democratic Party tsa Jeremane, Front National Fora le Bolokolohi Party tsa Austria, bona globalization e le tšokelo ho moruo wa selehae le boitsebiso ea sechaba. Ba pheha khang ea hore e mong le e naheng lokela ho laola moruo lona le bojaki lokela ho tieo feela ho etsa bonnete ba hore na naha, a tšoantšetsang a le kotsi ho tshebetso ya ho lichaba tsa lefatse. molao Antiglobalism ikemiseditse ho loantšeng ho itshola kgothaletswa Zionism, Marxism le liberalism. Ka kutloisiso ea bona, globalization hlahisoa e le 'momori lefatšeng ka bophara khahlanong le kelo-hloko ea sechaba ea setso Bophirimela kapa monna tšoeu.

mabaka a joalo hangata e na le overtones khethollo ea morabe le ho-ba khahlanong le Sesema. Bakeng sa letona lepheo mocha o-seatla se bulehileng globalization hase ka lebaka la mabaka a mehaho ea bokhaphithaliste, empa ho ena le hoo le lebaka ka morero conspiratorial lipolotiki tsa elites matla. The Conservatives ha e dumellana le globalism mefuta e meng le-ba khahlanong le globalism tsona e le mokhoa oa ho rarolla mathata a bakiloeng ke mofuta o 'muso o hlaheletseng oa globalization, bochaba le particularism fana.

letšehali aniglobalizm

Bohlokoa haholo ka palo ea balwanedi le tlhokomelo ea sechaba e setseng-ba khahlanong le globalism. O ile a hapa tlhokomelo ea boipelaetso setjhaba nakong ea libokeng tsa Trade Mokhatlo oa Lefatše (WTO) Toropong ea Seattle ka November-December 1999, International Chelete Fund (IMF) le Banka ea Lefatše ka Washington ka April 2000 le Prague ka September 2000, o re " kholo robeli "ka Genoa ka July 2001, hammoho le bakeng sa ea selemo le selemo ea Lefatše mang forum ea sechaba ka Porto Alegre, e leng e tshwerweng ho hanyetsanang le libokeng tsa World mang forum moruo. Lisosa tsa-ba khahlanong le globalization setse-lepheo, ho ea ka likhopolong tsa ho tsamaea ka, le metse ka metso ka sea utloahala kapa che bathapi hore tsehelitseng globalization - e isang ho likamano tsoekame matla bobeli ka hare ho naha 'me a lefatšeng ka bophara le ho fetoha e le thepa litšobotsi tse sa tšoaneng tsa bophelo, ho akarelletsa bophelo bo botle, thuto le moetlo.

globalization mefuta e meng

Anti-globalism - nako e etsa phoso, hobane mokhatlo oo hase feela ho itšireletsa le arabelang, empa ho ena le hoo e emela demokrasi lefatše le toka. Ka lebaka leo, ho molemo ho hlalosa lintho tse joalo e le mokhatlo oa bakeng sa mefuta e meng kapa globalization demokrasi.

World Wide Web

Ditshaba-tshaba boipelaetso mokhatlo oa hore ke lefatšeng ka bophara ka tlhaho 'me e na le decentralized, networked mofuta o mong oa mokhatlo o hlophisitsoeng oa, thehoa haholo-holo ka lebaka la ho Internet. Ka thuso ea boipelaetso hlophisitsoe joang Inthaneteng 'me lefatšeng ka bophara, ho hlalosetsa leqheka bakeng sa ntoa, koahetsoeng liketsahalo tsa lipolotiki le tsa ho ipelaetsa ka tsa morao tjena. Bakeng sa mokhatlo oa sena, tšoauoa ka tsela e itseng e phahameng ea pepeneneng, phihlelleho le globality, tšoauoa ka liforomo online, ea boipelaetso e ka bitsoa kapa kiberprotestom kiberaktivizmom, mananeo pose, diqoqiso web, qoqa le likamore, mecha ea litaba e meng le merero ea mecha ea phatlalatso, e kang Indymedia.

coalitions ikopantseng

Antiglobalism (le alterglobalizm) e tšoauoa ka pluralism le, ho isa bohōleng bo itseng, hanyetsana. lihlopha akaretswago kenyeletsa setso le ikemetseng mekgatlo ya basebetsi, lihlopha bonono, balemi landless, batho ba matsoalloa a moo, socialists, makomonisi, anarchists, Trotskyites, babuelli bakeng sa tikoloho, moloaneli oa litokelo tsa basali itsoelang "World Boraro", basireletsi litokelo tsa botho, baithuti, balumeli, setso le letšehali-lepheo mekga, mahlonoko tseo ho leng bahlalefi tloha lefatšeng ka bophara. Anti-globalism - khokahano ea lefatše lohle ea dinetweke motsamao oa mekhatlo ea sechaba lefatšeng ka bophara ho ipelaetsa mokhatlo oa le coalitions entseng selekane. Ho e ikemiseditse ho tsosolosa kopanelo ea thepa le ditshebeletso, tse ka ho eketsehileng ka abeloa ka ditumellano tsa tse kang General Agreement ka Trade ka Services (GATS) le Agreement maeto (maeto).

marangrang a sa lekanyetsoang

Michael Hardt le Toni Negri 'nile ba sebelisa poleloana e reng "sete" ho hlalosa-ba khahlanong le globalization mokhatlo oa ka e le pokello ea batho ba ileng ba sebeletsa e le ea se nang molekane matla a ho laela decentralized, مفت polyphonic puisano karolo kopantswe matla a demokrasi lefatše laoloa ho tloha mona ka tlase, e setjhabeng bulehileng le ka ho toba taolo ya demokerasi tsohle bakeng sa bohle. Sete, ho ea ka bo-rafilosofi ba marxist, e butsoe, etse mosebetsi marangrang hore khothalletsa mosebetsi le bophelo ba 'moho.

Bonngoe ka mefuta-futa

Ka lebaka la sebopeho sa eona 'me ho se tšoane ha motsamao oa bao e seng tsitlella maikutlong le decentralized. Ba ke ke ba laola le ho etella pele. Bonngoe ba sete ya le hlaha ka palo yohle rotloetsa le khahlanong le mathata neoliberal exacerbation ea lefatše lohle. litokollo tse sa tšoaneng le dingongoreho tsa lihlopha li amahanngoa le ke taba ea hore le lisosa tsa bona bathapi globalization le-ba khahlanong le globalization ho tsamaea ka, lipakane tsa lona le mekhoa ha junifomo. Ho na le phapang e khōlō pakeng tsa balwanedi le reformist le Revolutionary, pakeng tsa mekhoa bao e seng-ba mabifi ebile militant ea boipelaetso. phapang e 'ngoe e ama lihlopha tseo e buella bakeng sa matlafatsang tsa taolo bathapi ka phahameng ka ho ea moo,' me batho ba batlang ho theha bobusi ba ea sechaba ho e-na demokrasi lefatshe.

Ka kopanetsweng lebotho la lipolotiki, eo e na le sete ya likarolo kokangana bao e seng tšoanang, mokhatlo oa e ka kakaretso nkoa e le ho lelekisa demokrasi lefatše, toka le ho phethahala ha litokelo tsa botho. E o leka ho lebisa tlhokomelo ea sechaba ho lebaka la ho hloka ya demokrasi mekhatlo ea machaba le ho ikitlaetsa khatello ea ka tšehetso ea democratization ya ditheo 'muso o hlaheletseng.

" 'Muso o Moholo"

Anti-globalism - e itlelang feela, decentralized, marangrang, ba ikhopolang ho hlophisa mokhatlo oa thehiloeng matšoele demokerasi ya rona. bahlalefi lona bona foromo ena ea mokhatlo e le pontšo ea liphetoho ka litšobotsi tsa tlhophiso ea sechaba ka e ka ho eketsehileng ho retelehela hore e be tenyetsehang, decentralized, ditshaba-tshaba, tsamaiso networked. Bathapi globalization, ba lumela, e ile ea etsa hore ho thehoa ha tsamaiso ea lefatše ea puso, e leng e ka tieo e behilweng ke lintho tse amanang le moruo. Hardt le Negri bitsa ena decentralized tenyetsehang marangrang lefatše bathapi tsamaiso e khopo " 'muso oa." Empire bathapi puso ea ke tsamaiso ea lefatše. E thehiloe maqakabetsi ea bobusi ba sechaba-e re, ho deregulation ea limmaraka machaba le ho kenella ha ba mabotho mapolesa oa lefatše, hammoho le tsamaiso, eseng bogareng, fetoha le maemo 'me networked tlhaho ba motse-moholo le tlhahiso.

grassroots intša mokgatlo

Ho hlaha ha e decentralized muso oa lefatše, ho ea ka Hardt le Negri, thibela decentralized lefatše boipelaetso mokhatlo oa, e leng hloka ho ba le seabo lefatše le tšebelisano-'moho, 'me le ho feta demokrasi, ka toka le ea moshoelella lichaba tsa lefatse. E hlophisitse ka molao-motheo oa marangrang intša hlophisang. Bakeng sa ba bangata balwanedi-ba khahlanong le globalization le liponahatso lona lebella ho hlaha ha sebōpeho sa tsa setjhabeng nakong e tlang e le e integrative le sebetsa mmoho ka demokrasi. Movement bontša takatso ea lona bakeng sa setjhaba se leo ho lona matla a ha e bona hore boitšoaro ba batho. Ba hlalosa le ho hlophisa bona. Movement e lebisitsoe globalization tsoang holimo ka sebopeho sa liforomo intša hlophisitse ea tlase.

Attac

Mohlomong tsebahalang ka ho fetisisa sehlopha sa-ba khahlanong le globalization - Attac (Association bakeng sa lekhetho la ditransekshene lichelete le thuso bakeng sa ho baahi ba), e teng linaheng tse fetang 30. mokhatlo o hlophisitsoeng o lumela hore globalization lichelete baka e ka tlase e sireletsehileng le ka tlaase ho moo lekanang maemo bakeng sa batho ba, ba sireletsa lithahasello tsa mekhatlo ea lefatše le limmaraka tsa lichelete. Ho se ho hlokahala se ka sehloohong sa ATTAC ke selelekela tsa lekhetho Tobin, le lekhetho ka ditransekshene chelete e 'ngoe. mokhatlo o hlophisitsoeng ipolelang hore li emela ba likete tse mashome litho linaheng tse 40.